Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 164 International Conference on Learning Innovation (ICLI 2017) Reyog Bulkiyo as a Cultural Potential in The Natural Laboratory of Sounthern Slopes Of Kelud Volcano And its Use For Social Studies Learning Based on Environment Siti Malikhah Towaf, Sukamto Department of Social Studies, Faculty of Social Sciences State University of Malang, Malang, Indonesia [email protected] Abstract—Implementing integrated-contextual teaching and agriculture, fishery and livestock [3]. The majority of learning based on constructivistic theory is needed in Social population of the southern slopes of Kelud is Javanese people Studies Education. This study describes the importance of the who work as farmers. Although the southern slope of Kelud is Natural laboratory and its cultural potentials such as Reyog an area prone to disasters of both Kelud eruption and cold lava; Bulkiyo and how to use it in promoting an integrated contextual but based on the spreading map of the population of Blitar teaching and learning of Social Studies Education in Junior High Regency, the southern slope of Kelud inhabited by many School. A qualitative approach was used in this study. The peoples [4]. This is because people prefer to live close to the researchers carried out documentary studies, observations, agricultural land which facilitate their activities. interviews, open-ended questions, and focus group discussions. The data were analyzed inductively and comparatively. The Kelud is one of the active volcano found in East Java results show that the Natural Laboratory of the Faculty of Social Province. This volcano has recorded eruption as much as 33 Sciences as a new laboratory has a strategic role in promoting the times since 1000 BC to 2017 [5]. Kelud was last erupted on contextual and integrated teaching and learning of Social Study February 2014; resulted in prolonged trauma and material loss Education. Many cultural and artistic potentials exist in the for residents around the slopes of Kelud. Not only the residents Natural Laboratory in the forms of cultural activities of the of the slopes of Kelud who felt the impact of eruption, but the villagers; such as Bersih Desa, Kleningan, Baritan, Celeng- impact spreader out to West Java Province. In fact, the eruption celengan, Jaranan and Reyog Bulkiyo etc. The artistic and is called as the biggest eruption in the history of Kelud; but cultural potentials are needed as materials in Social Studies different situation happen in Blitar District, Garum District Education to broaden teachers and students perspectives about the natural environment and the diversity of Indonesian which are located on the southern slope of Kelud. It is Cultures. interesting to note that the Kelud eruption in 2014 had little impact on the activities of the population at risk, because the Keywords— Reyog, Art, cultural potentials, natural laboratory, dust of Kelud volcanoes fled far away covering the west part of contextual, intergrated, Social Studies Education East Java, Middle and West Java [6]. The agricultural activities of the residents are not much disturbed after the eruption, as well as the economic activities; such as trade, small industry, I. INTRODUCTION animal husbandry, fisheries. Indonesia volcanic zone lanes sweep through along Sumatera, Java, Bali, Nusa Tenggara, Sulawesi, Banda, and After the Kelud disaster the community immediately Molucca to Papua. It caused Indonesia become very vulnerable worked hard for a better life; three years passed by and to disaster due to material from volcanic eruptions such as lava, villagers have been cleaned up their villages until look neat, the volcanic ash and air pollution containing hazardous substances houses have been reconstructed with better conditions. As it is [1]. Kelud is one of the volcanoes, included in the area of seen in the village of Kemloko Nglegok, village Putukrejo, Kediri Regency, Malang Regency, and Blitar Regency. Most Gadungan and Gandusari District; since early days of life, southern slopes of Kelud include the administrative area of rolling the various economic bustle can be seen. The fresh milk Blitar Regency, always get hit by Kelud’ lava which exploded jugs lined up the sidewalk unattended, a moments later the periodically from ancient times until now. This makes the milk-collecting car passed by and all the milk on the roadside people of Blitar, especially the southern slopes of Kelud was transported to the collecting place. It is seen also a familiar and ready to face the eruption [2]. The southern slopes teenager who was busy bathing four healthy dairy cows as his of Kelud consists of forest, plantation and agricultural areas activities every day. On the streets reaseacher always encounter with fertile soil. In addition to the southern slopes of Kelud people who go to the fields, rice fields or coffee plantations; there are also many sources of water, therefore it is suitable for the Head of Dusun Putukrejo said that there is no Copyright © 2018, the Authors. Published by Atlantis Press. This is an open access article under the CC BY-NC license (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/). 220 Advances in Social Science, Education and Humanities Research, volume 164 unemployment in his Dusun/small village (Social Studies Social Studies learning can strengthen students' understanding Program, Field Study, 2017). The welfare of the people, in order to achieve the defined competencies. A learning media become a fertile ground for the development of various artistic can also help students improve understanding, facilitate and cultural activities. In this case Abraham Maslow's theories interpretation of data and condense information. The presence can be be stated; that when the basic human needs or basic of learning media in the learning process of Social Studies has physical needs of clothing, food and boards are fulfilled; a significant impact, because the vagueness of messages or human activity will lead to higher levels of needs such as for information conveyed by teachers can be helped by presenting security, comfort, social needs, self-esteem and self- the medium of learning. Social Studies teachers less optimal in actualization [7], [8]. using learning media in the teaching process of Social Studies. It was stated that the availability of Curriculum 2013 materials Social Studies Education is one of the subjects at the Junior in the form of a book package is still not sufficient and every High School level having integrated materials refers to the theme taught has not been made in the form of learning media combination of geography, history, sociology and economy. As because the lesson is still based on the package book given by quoted by [9] that Social Studies Education for the school level the central government [14]. Social Studies teachers more often is closely related to the social sciences, integrated with the ask students to read the book package and work on student humanities are packed scientifically and pedagogically for the worksheets, this the common instructional process benefit of learning in school. The climate, geology, flora and fauna and inter-space interaction in Indonesia and its influence In this case, Reyog Bulkiyo is a phenomenal cultural form on human life in economic, social, cultural and educational in the Kemloko District, Muntadhirotul [15] interested in aspects specifically designed in Social Studies learning. Socio- analyzing the choreography of Reyog Bulkiyo. As a dancing cultural aspects contained in Basic Competency of 3.1 of the form Reyong Bulkiyo choreography representing the fighting Curriculum 2013, the Revised Edition of the year 2016; Social spirit of Diponegoro troops; it is not only performed many Studies for Junior High School described as understanding the skills of military personnel but also the way of the troops concept of space (location, distribution, potential, climate) as having fun with his friends in difficult situation. Another the results of its description into material of Ethnic and researcher [16] focus his study on the existence of Reyog Cultural Diversity; not only broadens the perspective of the Bulkiyo in Blitar Regency. He showed that there are two students, but also includes strengthening character of pride to factors have an impact on the existence of Reyog Bulkiyo. First, culture of the nation and love to the country [10], [11]. The the internal factors come from the art itself; the actors of Reyog Understanding of ethnic and cultural diversity of the Bulkiyo have a very strong fighting spirited in performing the community strengthening the identity of students as the nation art. They maintain the preserving spirit by educating their of Indonesia; it will lead to an understanding of local wisdom descendant from generation to the next. The external factors that has been existed for a long time in the Region. Thus the are related to the community who support the performance of object of ethnic and cultural diversities is an appropriate Reyog Bulkiyo; included the local government and related environment around student. institution, and the society at large who enjoy the performance, researcher also interested in studying Reyog Bulkiyo as a This study took place in Kemloko, Nglegok and Gandusari performance art. It is said that in the year of 1980 was the District, of Blitar Reagency. So the Social Studies material that golden decade of Reyog Bulkiyo performance. The group was has been described previously become Ethnic and Cultural frequently invited by Blitar Government/The Art Council of Diversity of Nglegok and Gandusari, Blitar District. Based on Blitar Regency) in many art festivals [16]. the observations of researchers there are many potentials of ethnic and cultural diversity in the community of Gandusari The aim of this study is to describe: 1) Social Studies District such as Bersih Desa/Cleaning the village tradition, learning objectives and strategies, 2) The importance of natural kleningan, baritan/selamatan, mitos of the Rambut Monte laboratory for Social Studies Learning, 3) The potential of Lake, and so forth.