University of Nebraska - Lincoln DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Insecta Mundi Florida December 2002 Review of Noterapion Kissinger from Chile and Argentina (Coleoptera: Apionidae) David G. Kissinger Loma Linda, California Follow this and additional works at: https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi Part of the Entomology Commons Kissinger, David G., "Review of Noterapion Kissinger from Chile and Argentina (Coleoptera: Apionidae)" (2002). Insecta Mundi. 556. https://digitalcommons.unl.edu/insectamundi/556 This Article is brought to you for free and open access by the Center for Systematic Entomology, Gainesville, Florida at DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. It has been accepted for inclusion in Insecta Mundi by an authorized administrator of DigitalCommons@University of Nebraska - Lincoln. INSECTA MUNDI, Vol. 16, No. 4, December, 2002 221 Review of Noterapion Kissinger from Chile and Argentina (Coleoptera: Apionidae). David G. assinger 24414 University Ave#40 Loma Linda CA 92354 USA Abstract. Descriptions and a key are providedfor 7 South American species ofNoterapiort Kissinger (2002) (type species Apion 7neorrhyitchu7n Philippi and Philippi) including N. bruchi (BBguin-Billecocq),N. ~neorrhynchuln (PhilippiandPhilippi),N.philippiaau1n (Alonso-Zarazaga)and four new species describedfrom Chile: N. chilense IGssinger, N. lzuscheli Kissinger, N. nothofagi Kissinger, and N. saperion Kissinger. A lectotype designation is published for Apiolz 7neorrhyizchuln Philippi and Philippi and Apion vestiturn Philippi and Philippi. Apion fz~egianumEnderlein and A. pingue B6guin-Billecocq are synonymized with N. 7neorrhynchu1n (Philippi and Philippi), new syno7zy7ny. Noterapionini (new tribe) is erected for Noterapion Kissinger (type genus) within Apioninae. Extension of a phylogenetic analysis of Brentidae s. lato by Wanat (2001) places Noterapion near the base of Apioninae and shows the genus sharing various symplesiomorphies with primitive apionid subfamilies from Africa and not found otherwise in the New World apionids. The weevils are associated with the southern beech, Nothofagz~sBlume (in Nothofagaceae, see Manos, 1997), also known from the Australasian Region. Noterapion ~neorrhynchu.~ndevelops in abandoned cynipid wasp leaf galls. The combination of a plant host with biogeographic significance and the possession of very primitive characters suggests that Noterapion may represent an ancient lineage dating back to the time of the Cretaceous and the breakup of Gondwana. Introduction andprocessedwithAdobePhotoshop 6.0 (Adobe 2000). Collection codons are from Arnett et al. (1993): BMNH, This paper summarizes the examination of ap- The NaturalHistory Museum, London, UnitedKing- proximately 2,300 specimens of Noterapion Kissing- dom. CMNC, Canadian Museum of Nature, Ottawa, er (type species Apion meorrhynchum Philippi and Canada; DGKC, personal collection of David G. Kss- Philippi), a genus recently proposed for several spe- inger; MNHN, Museum National d'Histoire Naturel- cies of Chilean and Argentinean apionids (Kissinger, le, Paris, France; MNNC, Museo Nacional de His- 2002). The family name Apionidae is used following toria Natural, Santiago, Chile; NZAC, N. Z. Arthro- Alonso-Zarazaga andLyal(1999) and Wanat (2001). pod Collection, Auckland, New Zealand; USNM, The paper presents a key with descriptions ofNoter- Smithsonian Institution, NationalMuseum of Natu- apion species; the possible phylogenetic implications ral History, Washington, DC, USA. of the characters exhibited by some of its species; and The Microsoft Encarta Interactive World Atlas the establishment of a new tribe for Noterapion, 2001 (Microsoft 2000) was used to interpret Chilean Noterapionini, near the base of Apioninae, based on an localities on labels. Encarta does not refer to the extension of a phylogenetic analysis of Brentidae s. Chilean provinces that were supercededin the last 20 lato carried out by Wanat (2001). years by 11 "Regi6nesMor administrative divisions; Methods and procedures follow those in Kissinger thus it was difficult to ascertain assignment of a (1968,1990,1992) except that the term "specialized locality to a regi6n. Also, Encarta lacks many locali- seta" is used instead of "sensory seta" because a ties. The administrative regions involved in this sensory function has not been demonstrated for the study, ordered from north to south are: Maule, Biobio, setae. Description of tegmen based largely on termi- Araucania, Los Lagos, Aiskn, and Magallanes; distri- nology of Wanat (2001). The classification of Apion- bution data will follow this order. I am indebted to idae follows Wanat (2001). Generic group characters, Mario Elgueta for information about location and their identifying numbers (in bold) and their state spelling of these localities. polarization used especially inthe section on phyloge- Kuschel borrowed the type material for Apion netic analysis are from Wanat (2001, pp. 333-344). meorrhynchum Philippi and Philippi, A. pachym- Photographs were taken with a Wild 5 stereomicro- erum Philippi and Philippi, A. humerale Philippi and scope and KODAKMDS 290 digital imaging system Philippi, A. uestitum Philippi and Philippi, and A. 222 Volume 16. No. 4. December. 2002. INSECTA MUNDI angustatum Philippi and Philippi from the Collection curved) (Fig. 4); endophallus with distinct sclero- Philippi in the Museo Nacional de Historia Natural, tized process near base of median lobe (exact Santiago, Chile. He personally identified these speci- position depends on condition of endophallus) mens as type material during a recent trip to Santi- (Fig. 5) ................................................................ 2 ago. None of the specimens had an originallocality or 2A. In profile dorsal margin of head constricted behind identification label. He cleaned, remounted, and la- eye, ventral surface of head broadly convex (Fig. beled the specimens (Kuschelpers. comm.). All will 6); impressed area on pseudotrochanter compar- have a locality label with three lines: "Chile, Valdivial atively shorter; male endophallus at base of Fundo San Juan/ Coll. Philippi". Dimensions are median lobe of aedeagus with globular process listed for the specimen selected as lectotype: the somewhat wider thanlong, consisting of 2 halves length (taken from the middle of the eye to the end of separated variable distance (depending on con- the elytra) and the width (across the widest part ofthe dition of endophallus) (Fig. 7); female rostrum elytra) (Kuschelpers. comm.). Because the number of generally less than 1100~long .......................... syntype specimens is not givenin the original descrip- ............................ Noterapioiz kuscheli Kissinger 2B. In profile dorsal margin of head not constricted tion, a lectotype is picked for each species: lectotypes behind eye, ventral surface of head flat (angular are labeled in red and paralectotypes inpale blue; each ridge may be present) (Fig. 9); impressed area on label will have four lines: Lectotype [symbol for male pseudotrochanter comparatively longer (Fig. 24 or female] / [original name] 1 RA & F Philippi / G & 25); male endophallus near base of median Kuschel, 2002 (Kuschel in litt.). lobe with single top-shaped globular sclerite Alectotype is designated in this paper (based on usually longer than wide (Fig. 8);female rostrum the research of Kuschel) for Apion meorrhynchum generally more than 1100p long ........................ Philippi and Philippi andforApion vestitum Philippi Noterapioiz ineorrhyizchu~n(Philippi and Philip- and Philippi to achieve taxonomic stability for these pi) very similar species, otherwise, there is no labelled 3A. Inner margin of tibia 3 relatively straight, not type material for them. This statement is intended to distinctly convex or bowed (Fig. 10); mesocoxae fulfill article 74.7.3 of the ICZN (4th ed.) requiring with flat union of mesosternal intercoxal and justification for such designations. metasternal processes, in profile union on level with usual sternal surface; mesocoxae not den- Note about holotypes: The holotypes for N. chil- tate or angulate .................................................4 ense, N. kuscheli, N. nothofagi, and N. saperion are 3B. Inner margin of tibia 3 distinctly convex, tibia to be returned to the NZAC. It is the author's under- appears bowed (Fig. 11); mesocoxae with mesos- standing that the holotypes (and other representative ternal process long, nearly vertical, distinctly projecting away from usual sternal surface, it material) will be sent toMNNC for permanent storage and metasternal coxal process meet as two up- (Kuschel, in litt.). right cylindrical objects nearly on level of apex of Each description begins with a section, "Distinc- mesocoxae (Fig. 12A,B); mesocoxae (of both sex- tive characters"; characters mentioned there will not es) dentate or angulate on posterior medial as- be repeated in the description unless more detail is pect (Fig. 12C) ..................................................... furnished. ........................... Noterapioiz saperioiz Kissinger Key to the species of Noterapion Kissinger 4A. Total length from anterior margin of eye to tip of occurring in South America elytra less than 3250~;in dorsal view sides of female rostrum more nearly" -~arallel beyond in- In dorsal view femur 1sides atbase evenly converge sertion of antenna; scutellum variable ........... 5 to attachment with trochanter; pseudotrochant- Total length greater than 3500~;in