CHUMBE ISLAND rd 3 Ten Year Management Plan 2017 - 2027 This document is the third ten-year management plan for Chumbe Island Coral Park in Zanzibar, Tanzania. The two previous management plans covered the periods of 1995 to 2005, and 2006 to 2016 respectively. 2027 Goal The Chumbe Island Coral Reef Sanctuary and Closed Forest Reserve are effectively and sustainably managed in order to maximize their contribution to biodiversity conservation, serve as a model for effective ecotourism and MPA management, and provide a platform to promote wider environmental awareness for sustainable development and ecological stewardship in Zanzibar. Produced with support from: Sustainable Solutions International Consulting (SSIC) 2 Published by: Chumbe Island Coral Park (CHICOP) Citation: CHICOP (2017) 3rd Ten Year Management Plan for Chumbe Island Coral Park. Photos & images: Citations provided throughout document where required. All images permissible for use through creative commons or associated licensing, and/or direct owner consent. Cover photo: © CHICOP Design & layout: Sustainable Solutions International Consulting Available from: CHICOP, Zanzibar, Tanzania. E: [email protected] T: +255 (0) 242 231 040 3rd Ten Year Management Plan 2017 – 2027 Chumbe Island Coral Park 3 Contents Acronyms and Abbreviations .................................................................................................................. 6 Figures ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 Tables .................................................................................................................................................... 12 1. INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................. 13 2. THE CHUMBE ISLAND MPA - OVERVIEW .......................................................................................... 14 3. GOVERNANCE FRAMEWORK ............................................................................................................ 21 3.1. The Marine Sanctuary Agreement ............................................................................................. 21 3.2. The Closed Forest Reserve Agreement ...................................................................................... 22 3.3. Key Stakeholders ........................................................................................................................ 23 3.4. Operational Management.......................................................................................................... 31 4. PHYSICAL FEATURES .......................................................................................................................... 34 5. SITES OF CULTURAL & HISTORICAL IMPORTANCE ............................................................................ 42 6. CONSERVATION: Biodiversity Management & Trends over Time .................................................... 45 6.1 The Chumbe Reef Sanctuary (CRS) ............................................................................................. 45 6.1.3. Plant Diversity in the Coral Reef Sanctuary ........................................................................ 78 6.2 The Chumbe Closed Forest Reserve (CFR) .................................................................................. 80 6.2.2. Plant Diversity ..................................................................................................................... 81 7. EDUCATION: Programmes & Lessons Learned ................................................................................ 97 7.1. School children ........................................................................................................................... 98 7.2. Teachers (both in-service and trainee’s) ................................................................................. 107 7.3. Target & Non-Target Community Environmental Education ................................................... 108 7.4. Peer Educator Programmes conducted off-island ................................................................... 109 7.5. Universities and Academic Institution Programmes ................................................................ 110 7.6. Governmental Agencies ........................................................................................................... 111 7.7. Local NGOs ............................................................................................................................... 111 7.8. Tourists / visitors to the Chumbe eco-lodge ............................................................................ 112 4 8. SUSTAINABLE ECOTOURISM: Service Provision & Sustainable Financing ..................................... 113 8.1. Tourism Infrastructure & Technology ...................................................................................... 115 8.2. Guest Activities ........................................................................................................................ 122 8.3. Guest Services .......................................................................................................................... 124 8.4. Chumbe Tourist Visitors ........................................................................................................... 126 8.5. Marketing ................................................................................................................................. 131 8.6. Sustainable Financing for MPA ................................................................................................ 139 9. CHUMBE AWARDS & RECOGNITION TO DATE ................................................................................ 143 10. MANAGEMENT PLAN 2017 – 2027: METHODOLOGY ................................................................... 145 11. STRATEGIC GOALS & OBJECTIVES: 2017 – 2027 ........................................................................... 146 11.1. Conservation .......................................................................................................................... 148 11.2. Education ............................................................................................................................... 155 11.3. Ecotourism ............................................................................................................................. 160 12. KEY PERFORMANCE INDICATORS.................................................................................................. 180 13. MONITORING, EVALUATION & LEARNING .................................................................................... 186 13.1. MEL for Conservation............................................................................................................. 186 13.2. MEL for Education .................................................................................................................. 190 13.3. MEL for Ecotourism ................................................................................................................ 191 APPENDIX ONE: Standard Operating Procedures ............................................................................... 193 APPENDIX TWO: Rangers Report Template ........................................................................................ 202 APPENDIX THREE: Coral Genera Diversity in the Chumbe Reef Sanctuary ........................................ 203 APPENDIX FOUR: Reef Fish Species in the Chumbe Reef Sanctuary .................................................. 205 APPENDIX FIVE: Preliminary Macroalgae inventory ........................................................................... 222 APPENDIX SIX: Vascular Plants in the Chumbe Forest Reserve ......................................................... 223 APPENDIX SEVEN: Bird diversity in the Chumbe Forest Reserve ........................................................ 225 APPENDIX EIGHT: Butterfly diversity in the Chumbe Forest Reserve ................................................. 229 APPENDIX NINE: Snorkeling Code of Conduct .................................................................................... 230 APPENDIX TEN: Chumbe Awards (1998-2017) ................................................................................... 231 References .......................................................................................................................................... 236 5 Acronyms and Abbreviations 4Cs Conservation, Community, Culture and Commerce APSO Agency for Personnel Service Overseas AWAC Acoustic and Wave Current BMMSY Biomass (fisheries total community) Maximum Multispecies Sustainable Yield BRELA Business Registrations and Licensing Agency CBD Convention on Biological Diversity CFH Closed Forest Habitat CFR Closed Forest Reserve CHICOP Chumbe Island Coral Park CO₂ Carbon Dioxide COLE Commission for Lands and Environment CORDIO Coastal Oceans Research and Development - Indian Ocean COT Crown of Thorns CPCe Coral Point Count with Excel CR Critically Endangered CRS Chumbe Reef Sanctuary DC District Commissioner DCCFF Department of Commercial Crops Fruits and Forestry DoE Department of Environment EACC East African Coastal Current EE Environmental Education ENSO El Nino Southern Oscillation ESD Education for Sustainable Development FA Fishers Association FAO Food and Agriculture