Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-27971-0 — Common Epilepsy Pitfalls Dieter Schmidt , Steven Schachter Index More Information Index A AEDs newer, 113, 115, 128–9, AAN, 109, 118, 189, 197 adverse efects, 101, 113–14, 132–4, 137, 141–2, 146, abdominal pain, 168–9 132–4, 137, 144–6, 165, 148, 151–2 abnormal EEG, 98, 102–4, 168, 174, 177, 184–5, 187, nonenzyme-inducing, 153 179, 181 190, 195, 199–200, 202 noninducing, 132 abnormalities, 17, 18, 19, 27, carbonic anhydrase- noninteracting, 129 30, 35, 38, 45, 47, 51, inhibiting, 168 old, 104, 113, 115, 132–4, 57, 61, 62, 92, 102, 152, appropriate, 106, 159–60, 224 173, 211 169 average doses, 141 optimal, 111 neurological, 103, 105 baseline, 173 past, 145 pathological, 91, 163 classic, 109, 115, 128–9, plasma concentrations, absence seizures, 13, 59, 68, 132–3, 141 148–9 70–1, 80, 82, 89–90, 105, combinations, 144, 174 preferred, 109 110, 114, 116, 119, 122, comedication of, 130–1 restarting, 183, 186 158, 179 common doses, 140, 147 risk-beneit proile, 110 abuse, 14, 26, 56 compliance, 220, 226 second-generation, 111–12, accommodations, 235 concentration, 148 136 acetazolamide, 112, 120, 122, current, 99, 106, 134, 160, second-line, 117, 224 168, 193 198, 225 second, 143, 145, 173 acidosis, 119, 168, 221, 225 daily dose, 141–4, 195 side efects, 171 metabolic, 167–8 discontinuation of, 90, 117, single, 172 ACTH, 117, 121 133, 151–2, 160, 164, 168, starting, 97–8, 100, 104–5 activating procedures, 18 175, 178–81, 183–7, 206 stopping, 97, 172, 175–9, acupuncture, 154 dose increments, 140–2, 183–6 acute symptomatic seizure, 6, 144, 171–3 substitution, 109, 145–6, 7, 56, 57, 61, 65 efectiveness, 113–15, 117, 173 ADA (Americans with 140–1, 185 switching, 175 Disabilities Act), 235–6 emergencies, 215 tapering, 178, 184, 224 add-on treatment, 70, 145 enzyme-inducing, 129, 145, target doses, 141 adherence, 94, 132, 167, 178, 151, 153, 171, 190, 211 teratogenic efects of, 116, 197, 227, 234 enzyme-inhibiting, 149 133 adjunctive treatment, 134, irst, 109, 140–1, 143–5, third-generation, 112–13, 137 172–3, 225 132–3, 136 adolescents, 1, 2, 11, 16, 54, 65, irst-ever, 99, 140–1 weight neutral, 128 78, 93–4, 98, 109, 115–16, irst-generation, 132 withdrawal of, 77, 119, 140, 149, 152–3, 161, 183, 231, idiosyncratic reactions, 108, 164, 176–86, 196–7, 206, 233 127–8, 145–6, 157, 224 212, 215, 223–4 adults, 113–16, 122, 137, 147, individual, 115 age, 13, 16, 47, 61, 81–4, 150, 164–5, 167, 169, interaction proile of, 128 87–90, 92, 94–5, 114, 177–8, 181, 183–4, 186, maintenance doses, 134, 116–17, 150–1, 153, 159, 211–12, 222, 224–5 141, 152 165, 178–82, 189, 200–1, young, 95, 231 marketed, 97, 112, 119 208, 218–19 younger, 151, 219 modern, 109 aging, 148, 150, 165 adverse efect proiles, 111, molecular action of, 124 agitation, 92, 205 135–6 monotherapy, 146, 149, 151 albumin, 147, 151, 199 adverse events, 99, 129, 132–3, new-generation, 113 alcohol, 5, 18, 51, 56, 89, 94, 136, 140–1, 143, 149, new, 108–9, 112–13, 115–17, 99, 130, 197, 202, 215, 151–2, 172–3, 202, 218 120, 122, 129, 132–4, 137 220, 226, 229 239 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-27971-0 — Common Epilepsy Pitfalls Dieter Schmidt , Steven Schachter Index More Information Index allergies, 14 postictal, 206 bathing, 199, 233 alprazolam, 26, 56 preictal, 206 Beck Anxiety Inventory, 207 alternative therapies, 123, 158 social, 233 Beck Depression Inventory-II, Alzheimer’s disease, 150 anxiolytics, 16 208 American Academy of aphasia, 58 beneit-to-risk ratio, 115, 172 Neurology, 109, 197 aphasia, 82, 91, 94 benzodiazepines, 56, 111–12, Americans with Disabilities apneas, 11, 81 124–5, 130, 193, 206, 212, Act (ADA), 235–6 apoptosis, 198 217, 219–20, 222–5 amitriptyline, 212 appendicitis, 169 irst-line, 224 ammonia, 132 appetite, 205, 208 benztropine, 80 Ammon’s horn sclerosis, 44 aromatherapy, 154 bicarbonate, 166, 168, 225 amnesia, 9, 12, 15, 26, 72, 74, arousals, 81, 92, 194 biofeedback, 154 78, 81–3, 134, 151 assessment, 66, 70, 91, 97, 100, birth control pills, 195 gap, 79 103, 108, 162–3, 175, 194, birth defects, 198 global, 74, 78, 82–3 202, 226–7 biting, 13, 14, 15, 16, 28 amoxapine, 210, 212 diagnostic, 66 bladder, 53 amphetamine, 55–6 endocrine, 194 blank stare, 15, 58 amygdalohippocampectomy, 32 neuropsychological, 163 bleeding, 66, 166, 195, androgens, 153, 191 prognostic, 103 199–200, 227 anesthesia, general, 223–5 ataxia, 72, 151 blindness, 18, 30, 63 Angelman’s syndrome, 93 atrial ibrillation, 7, 9, 56, 57 blood glucose, 220, 226 angioma, 88 attacks, 68, 71, 75–9, 84, blood pressure, 26, 66, 212, anhedonia, 207 89–90, 161, 206 218, 221–2, 225, 227 anhidrosis, 110, 119 ischemic, 82, 84 systolic, 7 animal models, 124–5, 127, rage, 77, 81 blood–brain barrier, 157 137 attention deicit disorder, blurry vision, 60 anoxic seizures, 5, 7 11–12, 30 body mass index, 127–8 antiarrhythmic agents, 21 attention deicit hyperactivity brain antibiotics, 73, 129, 149 disorder, 14, 55 fog, 11 antibodies, 95 auras, 9, 12, 15, 54, 58, 82–3, insult, 56 antibody titers, 95 85, 91–2, 164, 184 surgery, 56 anticholinergics, 80 isolated, 91 tumor, 9, 43 anticoagulants, 130–1 visual, 83, 92 brain insults, 91, 127, 134 anticonvulsant efect, 125–6, authorities, regulatory, 230–1 severe, 73 154, 210 autism, 30, 77–8 brain lesion, 220, 226 anticonvulsants, 190, 215 autistic spectrum disorder, breakthrough seizures, 199 antidepressants, 206, 209–11 18, 63 breastfeeding, 189, 197, 200 particular, 211 autoimmune epilepsy, 95 breath-holding, 11, 12 tricyclic, 210 automatisms, 69, 79–80, 83–4, brivaracetam, 112, 120, 122, underutilizing, 210 91, 192 142 antiemetics, 80, 168 autosomal-dominant bromide, 112, 120–1, 142 antiepileptic drugs, 97, 108, nocturnal frontal lobe bruising, 166 118, 145, 161, 181–2, 206, epilepsy, 87 bullying, 14 232 awareness, 7, 13, 15, 26, 39, 54, bupropion, 210 antihyperglycemics, 80 58, 63, 67–9, 75, 80, 83, burns, 233–4 antiplatelet agents, 21 100, 151 antipsychotics, 9, 18, 63, 80 altered, 227 C antiseizure drug (ASD), 1, 49 impaired, 67, 78, 201 calcium, 202 anxiety, 5, 6, 11, 12, 14, 16, cancer, 128–9, 149, 200 26, 37 B carbamazepine, 1, 27, 32, 37, comorbid, 208 babies, 197, 199–200 39, 70, 80, 108–10, 119, disorders, 128–9, 205–7, back arching, 15, 26, 27 123, 125, 130, 136, 140–2, 209, 211, 213 baclofen, 18, 63 147, 157, 174, 177, 191–2, excessive, 206 barbiturates, 56, 111, 198, 213, 196, 206 interictal, 206 221, 223 carbamazepine, older agents, parental, 233 sedative, 111 129 240 © in this web service Cambridge University Press www.cambridge.org Cambridge University Press 978-0-521-27971-0 — Common Epilepsy Pitfalls Dieter Schmidt , Steven Schachter Index More Information Index carbohydrates, 166–9 CLB, 128, 136 consciousness carbonic anhydrase, 167–8 clinical trials, 133, 151, 207, impairment of, 67, 83, 215 cardiac arrhythmia, 4, 5, 7, 25 210, 218 loss of, 5, 6, 9, 11, 12, 19, 28, caregivers, 11, 73, 85, 98, 100, comparative, 151 39, 51, 53, 54, 55, 58, 59, 199 prospective, 218 67–8, 72, 79–80, 82–4, carnitine, 167, 169 clobazam, 112, 119–20, 122–4, 197 catamenial seizures, 193, 201 136, 142, 145, 193, 196 consent, informed, 97, 100, cauda equina-conus clomipramine, 210–12 186 medullaris syndrome, 217 clonazepam, 1, 37, 56, 145, constipation, 169 cavernous vascular 220, 226 contraceptives, 129, 193, malformation, 49, 61 clonic seizures, 67–70, 72–3, 195–6, 199 CBT (cognitive behavior 75, 79–80, 86–9, 93, 102, conversion disorder, 12, 15, therapy), 154, 211–13 106, 123, 160, 179–81, 16 CBZ, 108–16, 123–4, 127–30, 216–17, 220, 229, 232 convulsions, 3, 6, 7, 9, 54, 55, 132–4, 136, 140–2, 144–6, cocaine, 99 58, 59, 60, 73, 79, 83, 124, 149, 151–3, 157–61, 177, Cochrane Library, 114 151, 159, 218, 220–1, 192, 194–5, 198, 210 cognitive 223–5 CDI (Children’s Depression changes, 71, 150 convulsive seizures, 25, 55, Inventory), 208 deicits, 102, 109, 183 59 cerebral ischemia, 9, 56 functions, 150 cortical dysplasia, 44, 46, 47, cerebral palsy, 18, 30, 63 impairment, 83, 150, 157, 61 cerebrovascular disease, 5, 161, 208, 229 corticosteroids, 95, 112, 43, 56 side efects, 110, 119, 177 131 childbearing, 127–8, 133, 144, cognitive behavioral therapy, costs, 97, 99, 108, 117, 120, 174 3, 16, 20, 21. See also CBT 127, 143, 157, 173, 231, childhood, 68, 83–4, 87–8, 90, cognitive dysfunction, 11, 233–5 93, 187, 222 59 craniotomy, 13, 32 absence epilepsy, 86–7, 93, coma, 9, 71, 73, 218, 224 crying, 11, 205 187 combination therapy, 117, 129, cryptogenic, 92–3, 105 behavior problems, 93 144–5, 212 cursing, 16 early, 200 two-drug, 174 cyanosis, 7, 28 epilepsy, 166, 181 unnecessary use of, 144, cyclophosphamide, 95 new-onset absence epilepsy 174 cyclosporine A, 130–1 of, 116–17 comedication, 127–8, 210 CYP450, 128, 151, 195, 210 onset epilepsy, 90, 93, 150, co-morbidities, 87, 99, 108, cysts, 190–1 183 117, 120, 127, 149–51, children, 3, 11, 14, 30, 40, 45, 178, 215, 235 D 46, 53, 54, 55, 62, 65 complacency, 99, 161 daydreaming, 12 Children’s Depression complementary medicine, death, 7, 21, 27, 50, 73, 90, Inventory (CDI), 208 153–4, 156 157, 161, 205–6, 215–16, Chinese medicine, 154 compliance, 148–9, 151–2, 231 chlordiazepoxide, 112 172, 195, 197, 231 accidental, 233 choking, 206 complications, 99, 129, 136, epilepsy-related, 90 cholesterol, 128, 169 164–7, 169, 186, 199, 215, maternal, 199 elevated, 169 217, 221, 225, 227, 229, neonatal, 198 high, 169 232–3 seizure-related, 164 total, 169 concentration, 98, 129, sudden unexpected, 197 chronic epilepsy, 127, 150, 172, 147–9,