THE LOEB CLASSICAL LIBRARY FOUNDED BV JAMES LOEB, LL.D. EDITED BY fT. E. PAGE, C.H., LITT.D. E. CAPPS, PH.D., LL.D. W. H. D. ROUSE, litt.d. L. A. POST, M.A. E. H. WARMINGTON, m.a* THE ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF DIONYSIUS OF HAUCARNASSUS IV THE ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF DIONYSIUS OF HALIGARNASSUS WITH AN ENGLISH TRANSLATION BY EARNEST GARY, Ph.D. ON THE BASIS OF THE VERSION OF EDWARD SPELMAN IN SEVEN VOLUMES IV 01^ LONDON ^ WILLIAM HEINEMANN LTD CAMBRIDGE, MASSACHUSETTS HARVARD UNIVERSITY PRESS MCMXLHI 9^ 0.4- Printed in Great Britain CONTENTS BOOK VI (CHS. 49-96) 1 BOOK VII 145 INDEX 383 THE ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF DIONYSIUS OF HALICARNASSUS VOL. IV. AIONY2IOY AAIKAPNASEQS Pf2MAIKHS APXAIOAOriAS AOroS EKTOS XLIX /O Se Bijfjios, eTTeihr] vaprjv 6 )(^p6vo? iv J) ras ap^o-s eTTiKvpovv eSet, avveXdovras els ro TTeSiov, ovSevos ovre pLeriovros rrjv virarelav ovre BiSojJievrjv vTTopievovros Xa^elv, avros aTroSelKwaiv VTTarovs €K r<x)v elXrj^orcov TJhrj rrjv o.pxr)V ravrrjv hrjixcp re ^ Ke-xapLopievovs avhpas koI dptaro- Kparia, Uoaropiov K^opuLVLOv Kal UnopLOv Kcict- atov, v<j) ov Sa^voi KaraTToXepirjdevTes Trjg rjyep.ovLas aTTearrjcrav, €7rl ttjs e^SopLTjKocrrrjg Kal Bevrepas ^ oXvpLTndSos, rjv eviKa crrdSLOv Ttai- KpaTrjs KporiovLaTris , dp^ovros ^Ad'^v-qcn Aio- i yvqrou. ovtol irapaXa^ovres ttjv dpx^jv KaXdv- Sat? ^eTTTepL^piais ddrrov t] tols Trporepois edos rjv, TTplv 7) rcov dXXcDV rt SiaTrpd^aadaL ^ovXrjv ovyKaXeaavres rrepl ttjs KadoSov tcov Sr^pLOTLKcov ^ re added by Reiske. ^ Seurepa? Lapus, Sylburg : e'^So'/xi;? O. 1 For chaps. 49-69, 3 cf. Livy ii. 32, 5-7. THE ROMAN ANTIQUITIES OF DIONYSIUS OF HALICARNASSUS BOOK VI XLIX. When ^ the time came for them to assemble in the field ^ to elect their magistrates, and no one either sought the consulship or would consent to accept it if offered, the people themselves chose two consuls from among those who had already held this magistracy and who were acceptable to both the people and the aristocracy, namely Postumus Cominius and Spurius Cassius, Cassius being the one through whose efforts the Sabines had been con- quered and had resigned their claims to the leadership. This was in the seventy-second Olympiad,^ the year in which Tisicrates of Croton won the short-distance foot-race, Diognetus being then archon at Athens. Upon assuming office on the calends of September, earher than had been customary with the former consuls, they convened the senate before attending to any other business and asked for an expression of * The Campus Martius. ' 491 B.C. For Dionysius' chronology see Vol. I., pp. xxix. S. DIONYSIUS OF HALICARNASSUS Aeyeiv rj^lovv rjuriva SidvoLav e;;^et, rrpaJTOV a7TO(f)'qvaadai, TrapaKaXovvres avhpa rjXiKias iv rfj Kpariarrj rore ovra koI avviaei hoKovvTa rcov dX\(x)v 8ia(j)ep€iv, pLaXiara S' eirl rfj Trpoaipeaei TOJV TroXcrevfxdrcov eTTatvovfxevov, on ri]s p.€a7]s rd^ecos '^v, ovre ttjv avOdSe^av rojv dpiaro- KpariKcov av^cov ovre tco hrjpux) ocra ^ovXrjdeirj nparreiv eTTLTpeTTCov, ^Aypimrav M-ev^vtov os €7TL ras StaAAayds' rrjv ^ovXrjv Trape/caAet raSe Xeycov 3 " Et [lev airaaiv, c5 ^ovXiq, tols Trapovai rrju avTr)v yvcofXTjv avve^aivev ex^iv, koX fxrjhel'S cfxeXXe TOLS TTpog rov Srjjjiov StaAAayats' ifiTToSajv eaeaOai, ccj)* ols Se ^ SiaXvaofxeda Trpos avrovs, eire SiKaioLS ovaiv etVe piT], 6p,a>s riv ^ ravra TTpov- KeiTO [xovov OKOTTelv, hi oXiyoiv dv vpuv iS-^Xcoaa 4 Xoyojv d ^povoi). inel Be Kal avro rovro tlv€S OLOvraL ^ovXrjs €tl Selv, irorepov rjpuv dpueivov iart avpL^ijvac Trpos rovs dcfiearrjKOTas rj TroXepielv, ovx Tjyovpiat, pdBiov elvai puoi Si' oXiyr^s SrjXcocrecos o ri Xprj TTpdrreiv TTapaweaai, dAA' dvdyKT] hid TrXeiovcov StSctfat Xoycov rovg irpos rds StaAAayd? aXXorptcos ^ e^ovras vp^Cov, on rdvavria avp^Treidovaiv ol ye * hehiTTeaOai fxeXXovres ^ u/xds" rd (f)avX6rara tcov XaXeTTcov Kal paStas ej^ovra rds enavopdcoaeis oppoihovvTas rcjv p-eyiarcov re Kal dvidrcov KaKwv^ drrepLOKeTTTCJS exovat.. Kal rovro Treirov- 1 Se added by Pflugk. * oficos ^v BC : o/Moae re AD, ofiois Jacoby, o/noAoyTf/xaaiv Biicheler. The readings of the MSS. are corrupt, and the sentence seems complete without these words. ' Kiessling : iXXots 0. ; BOOK VI. 49, 2-4 its opinion concerning the return of the plebeians. The first senator they called upon to declare his views was a man, then in the maturity of his age, who was looked upon as a person of superior wisdom and was particularly commended for his political principles, since he pursued a middle course, being inclined neither to increase the arrogance of the aristocratic party nor to permit the people to have their own way in everything—namely Agrippa Menenius. It was he who now urged the senate to an accommodation, speaking as follows If all who are present, senators, chanced to be of the same opinion, and no one were going to oppose the accommodation with the people, but only the terms of it, be these just or unjust, on which we are to be reconciled with them were before you for consideration, I could have expressed my thoughts to you in few words. But since some consider that even this very point should be a matter for further consultation, whether it is better for us to come to an agreement with the seceders or go to war with them, I do not think it easy for me in a brief ex- position of my views to advise you what ought to be done. On the contrary, a speech of some length is necessary, in order to show those among you who are opposed to the accommodation that they contradict themselves if, while intending to frighten you by playing on your fear of those difficulties that are the most trivial and easily corrected, they at the same time neglect to consider the evils that are greatest and incurable. And they have fallen * ot ye. Reiske : ^ kox 0, Jacoby, koX Kiessling. ^ Sylburg : ^e'AAovras 0. ^ KaKwv Reiske : iKavuig O, Jacoby, iTaficis Kat Kiessling. 5 DIONYSIUS OF HALICARNASSUS uaai Trap ovBev erepov -^ t6^ Aoyior/x.(5 fXT] 5 KpiveLV TO (svix<j)ipov, aAAa dv[xcp Kal /xavta. ttcos yap av ovroi Xeyoivro Trpoopdadai tl rfj hiavoia Tcbv -x^prjaiixajv rj hvvarcov, oiTiveg VTToXafx^dvovaL r'qXiKavTiqv ttoXlv /cat roaovrcov Trpayfjidrcov Kvpiav rjSr] irrii^dovov re Kal XvTrrjpdv rols rrepLOLKOLS yiyvofievqv rj St^a rov SrjfjiOTiKov Svv^aeaOai KaT€)(€LV T€ Kal aa)t,€iv TO. edvT] paSiws, rj erepov eTTOL^ecrdai Srj^ov dvrl rov TTovqporipov Kpeirrova, OS avrols TT-poTToAe^T^CTet re rrjs dp-)(r\<5 Kal Kara. TToXX-qv 'qav)^Lav avpbTToXirevaerat. , irape^iDV Kal ev ^ eipr^vrj Kal ev TToXefiois eavrov fxerpLov ; ovhev yap dv erepov k)(OLev elirelv S incrrevovres d^LcocrovaLV vjjLag /jir] he-)^eadaL rag SiaAAaya?. L. " 'Q.V eKdrepov oarjs earl fieorov evT]deias, i^ avrwv vfxds a^tojcraiyu,' dv eycoye rcbv epyo)v OKOTTeiv, evdvfXTjOevras on Siacrraaiacrdvrayv rrpos VfJids rcov raTTeivorepcov Sid rovs ovre TroXiriKcos ovre jxerpicos rals drvxtats ;)^p>7cra/x€vous', Kal VTTavaxcoprjadvrcov^ [j,ev e'/c rrjs TToXeojs, aXXo Se pnqhev vpbds heivov pirjre €pyal,o[Jievojv fx-qre hiavoov- fjLevojv, aAA' COS" StaAAayi^croi'Tat ;^a»pts" ala^vvr^s aKOTTOvvrcov, dyaTrrjrws Se^dfxevot ro avfx^dv dnd rrj? rvxTjS ttoXXoI rdjv ovk ev Siavoovfxevcjv Trpos Vfjids aveirrepojvrai rals yvcofjuais, Kal rovrov oiovrai a(f>Lai napeZvai rov evKraZov Kaipov ev a> 2 KaraXvaovaiv v/xoiv rrjv dp^'qv. AlkovoI [xev ye Kal OvoXovoKOL, Ha^LvoL re Kal ro 'KpvLKCjv ^ ro Hertlein : ware 0, Jacoby. ^ ev TToXefxoi.s : Kara noXefiovs Grasberger, Jacoby. ^ \mava\oipyiaa.vruiv Bb : napaj^wprjoavraiv ABa. BOOK VI. 49, 4-50, 2 into this predicament for no other reason than that in judging what is expedient they do not use reason but rather passion and frenzy. For how can these men be said to foresee in their minds any course that is profitable or possible, when they imagine that a state so powerful and mistress of so extensive a dominion, a state that is already becoming an object of hatred, and a cause of offence to her neighbours, will easily be able either without the plebeians to hold and preserve the subject nations or else to bring some other people into the common- wealth, a better people in place of one most knavish, who will fight to preserve their supremacy for them and will live with them under the same government in profound quiet, behaving themselves with self- restraint in both peace and war? For there is no other possibility they could name that would justify their asking you not to accept the accommodation. L. " How utterly silly either of those two expe- dients is, I would have you consider from the facts themselves, bearing in mind that since the humbler citizens grew disaffected toward you because of those who treated their misfortunes as neither fellow-citizens nor men of self-restraint should, and withdrew, indeed, from the city, yet neither are doing to you, nor have any thought of doing, any other mischief, but are considering only by what means they may be reconciled to you without dis- honour, many of those who are not well disposed toward you, joyfully seizing upon this incident presented to them by Fortune, have become elated in their minds and look upon this as the long- desired opportunity for breaking up your empire. Thus, the Aequians and Volscians, the Sabines and ; ' DIONYSIUS OF HALICARNASSUS edvos, TTpos ra> /zT^SeVa XP^^^^ e^aiperov TT€TTOvr\- adai rod ^ Trpos rjfxds TToXefxov, /cat roZs evay)(os KaKois Svaavaa^erovvres Xr^arerjovaiv ^ Tjfxcjijv rovs aypovs.