Indonesian Journal on Geoscience Vol. 2 No. 1 April 2015: 23-33 INDONESIAN JOURNAL ON GEOSCIENCE Geological Agency Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Journal homepage: h�p://ijog.bgl.esdm.go.id ISSN 2355-9314 (Print), e-ISSN 2355-9306 (Online) Contrasting Two Facies of Muncung Granite in Lingga Regency Using Major, Trace, and Rare Earth Element Geochemistry Ronaldo Irzon Center for Geological Survey, Geological Agency, Ministry of Energy and Mineral Resources Jln. Diponegoro No.57 Bandung, Jawa Barat, Indonesia Corresponding author: [email protected] Manuscript received: October 14, 2014, revised: December 09, 2014, approved: March 30, 2015, available online: April, 08, 2015 Abstract - Lingga Regency is located in the main range of the famous Southeast Asia granitic belt related to tin resources. There are two granitic units in this region: the S-type Muncung Granite and I-type Tanjungbuku Granite. XRF and ICP-MS were used to measure the major, trace, and rare earth elements of nine Muncung Granite samples. Two different patterns were identified from major data plotting on Harker variation diagram. Granitic rocks from Lingga and Selayar Islands are classified as A facies while others from Singkep Island is B facies. This paper used graphs and variation diagrams to reveal the differences of those two facies. Thus, REE correlation to SiO2, trace element spider diagram, and REE spider diagram show more contrasts correlation. However, both facies are syn-collisional and High-K calc-alkaline granites. Some identical characters with other granitic units in Peninsular Malaysia were also detected in this work. Keywords: Harker diagram, Muncung Granite, peraluminous, syn-collision, Spider diagram, two facies How to cite this article: Irzon, R., 2015. Contrasting Two Facies of Muncung Granite in Lingga Regency Using Major, Trace, and Rare Earth Element Geochemistry. Indonesian Journal on Geoscience, 2 (1) p.23-33. DOI:10.17014/ijog.2.1.23-33 Introduction tion could be observed about geochemistry data from plutonic samples. Better correlations ob- Background tained after splitting the samples into two facies Tin was produced massively in Lingga Re- although they just come from one unit of rock, gency for more than four decades and was one The Muncung Granite. of the three main resource locations in Indonesia The aim of this research is to identify char- besides Bangka and Belitung. This resource is acteristic of two facies of the S-type Muncung related to granitic rock of the area. There are two Granite based on major, trace, and rare earth granitic units in Lingga region such as Muncung element data. Various geochemistry diagrams and Tanjungbuku. Cobbing et al. (1992) classi- about plutonic rock classification, correlation, fied the Muncung Granite as stanniferous S-type and tectonic setting are used to portray the while Tanjungbuku IJOGGranite as I-type. The Centre divergence. for Geological Survey of Indonesia conducted a research regarding rock types and chemical Geological Setting composition of Lingga granite. The research Lingga is a regency in Kepulauan Riau Prov- area (Lingga) is part of the main range of granite ince, located to the east of Sumatra and north- province in Indonesian Tin Islands (Barber et west of Bangka Island (Figure 1). The survey of al., 2005). Formerly, only low level of connec- island toponymy in Lingga Regency has been IJOG/JGI (Jurnal Geologi Indonesia) - Acredited by LIPI No. 547/AU2/P2MI-LIPI/06/2013, valid 21 June 2013 - 21 June 2016 23 Indonesian Journal on Geoscience, Vol. 2 No. 1 April 2015: 23-33 o 0,2o S; 104,15 E 104, 55o E 10 km Lingga Island Sumatra Selayar Island Posik Island Mungcung Granite Tanjungbuku Granite Singkep Island Sampling Point N 0,6 o S Figure1. Simplified geological map shows two granite units and the sampling points in Lingga Regency (modified from Sutisna et al., 1994 using Garmin BaseCamp). identified a total of 455 islands (Yulius, 2009). logical Laboratory of The Centre for Geological Lingga, Singkep, and Selayar are the three main Survey of Indonesia in Bandung. islands in the regency. The general geology of After being dried at the room temperature, the this region consists of five sequences (Sutisna samples were crushed by a jaw crusher to 200 et al., 1994): (1) Permian Persing Complex and mesh and were ground by a mill. Major and trace Duabelas Bukit Quarzite; (2) Triassic granite elements were analyzed with Advant XP XRF and granodiorite of Muncung Granite; (3) Juras- while REE were measured using The X Series sic Tanjungbuku Granite (comprises granite and Thermo ICP-MS. Before ICP-MS measurement, granodiorite), and Tanjungdatuk Formation (low rock samples were first dissolved with three acids grade methamorphic rock composed of slate and leach using nitric acid (ultrapure grade), formic quartz veinlets); (4) Tengkis Formation, Pancur acid (ultrapure grade), and perchloric acid (pro Formation, and Semarung Formation formed in analysis grade). AGV-2 and GBW 07110 andes- Cretaceous age; and (5) Tertiary Alluvium and ites were also measured as calibration materials Swamp Deposits. The Muncung Granite spreads for ICP-MS method, while GBW 7103 for XRF. in the southwestern area of Lingga Island, west Sample preparation, ICP-MS set up procedure, part of Selayar Island, and in the central region of and certified reference evaluation are based on Singkep Island. The Tanjungbuku Granite is lo- study of Irzon and Permanadewi (2010). cated in the southwestern part of Singkep Island. Result and Discussion Analytical Method Petrology Four granitoid samples were collected from Nine granitic rock samples in this study rep- both Singkep and LinggaIJOG Islands and only one resenting the Triassic Muncung Granite comprise from Selayar Island. The chemical composition granite and diorite (Sutisna et al., 2004). Samples of the nine samples were measured using X-ray are generally holocrystalline, medium-grained, fluorescence analyzer (XRF) and inductively cou- phaneritic, and composed of quartz, K-feldspar, pled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The and plagioclase. Granitoids from Singkep Island chemical data were then compared to petrography are lighter in colour than others which is con- analysis of the samples. Both the preparation and firmed with quartz composition from petrographic instrumental analysis were conducted at Geo- data (Tabel 1). Plagioclase and biotite may partly 24 Contrasting Two Facies of Muncung Granite in Lingga Regency Using Major, Trace, and Rare Earth Element Geochemistry (R. Irzon) Table 1. Petrographic Data of Granitoid Samples (RGL, RGS, and RGI) taken from Lingga, Selayar, and Singkep Islands RGL 10 RGL 12 RGL 17 RGS 33 RGI 46 RGI 48 RGI 55 RGI 60 RGI 63 Phenocryst Quartz 37 33 29 31 40 35 41 37 35 K-Feldspar 50 43 29 36 32 30 28 34 33 Plagioclase 7 12 22 18 18 17 12 12 16 Hornblende 1 1 3 - - 1.5 - - - Muscovite 1 1 2 2 - - - 3 Biotite - - 1 1.5 2 7 7 6 1 Ore mineral 0.5 2 2 0.5 1 0.5 1 0.5 Alteration Mineral Sericite 2 7 9 8 6 5 6 6 8 Chlorite 0.5 1 2 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 0.5 1 Secondary quartz 0.5 1 - - - 0.5 4 1 - Porosity 0.5 1 1 1 1 0.5 1 0.5 0.5 Xenolith 2 2 2 be sericitized and chloritized, respectively by al- rocks are S-type in the sense of Chappell and teration in most samples. Note that no hornblende White (1974). The presence of two subgroups was found in samples from Singkep except in within Muncung Granite is apparent on this RGI 48. No granitoids from Lingga and Selayar ratio. Samples from Singkep Island are more Islands contain xenolith, but three of five samples peraluminous than others because of the higher from Singkep have a small amount of xenolith degree of A/CNK ratio. The peraluminous na- (2%). ture of the granitic rocks is evident from major cation parameters of Debon and Le Fort (1983), Geochemistry which essentially consist of muscovite and biotite Geochemistry data of the nine granitoid (Figure 3b) and is confirmed with petrographic samples are described in Tabel 2. A number data (Tabel 1). of schemes based on chemical composition The main compositional trends of the intru- have been applied for the classi fication and sive rocks are tried to be correlated using Harker nomenclature of igneous rocks. Granitic rocks variation diagrams. After splitting the data into from Lingga Regency are classified based on two facies, correlation coefficients of SiO2 versus Middlemost (1985) using total alkali and silica major oxides (Table 3) are close to 1, pointing data. All granitoids from Singkep Island belong to strong degree of relationship (Taylor, 1990). to granite suites, only one from Lingga Island is Granitoid samples from Lingga and Selayar Is- granodiorite (Figure 2). This result confirms the lands are included in A facies while from Singkep previous study of Muncung Granite that consists Island in B facies. of granite and granodiorite (Sutisna et al., 1994). The range of SiO2 of all nine Muncung Granite The diagram indicates that all plutons are acid samples is 70.95-76.16%, four samples are identi- igneous rocks. fied as A facies with 71.34 - 76.16% SiO2, while IJOGthe other five samples falling within B facies are Major Elements Variations 70.95 - 72.71% SiO2 based on their major and Molecular A/CNK (Al2O3/CaO+Na2O+K2O) trace element signatures. An identical character ratios of the samples are more than 1.10. In the with granitoid from Endau Rompin (Ghani et al., A/CNK versus A/NK (Al2O3/Na2O+K2O) dia- 2013) and Machang plus Kerai batholith (Ahmad gram (Shand, 1943; Figure. 3) these rocks were et al., 2002) in Peninsular Malaysia is detected plotted into the peraluminous domain, hence the in B facies where TiO2, Al2O3, Fe2O3, CaO, and 25 Indonesian Journal on Geoscience, Vol.