THE CHURCH Sacrament of Salvation TABLE OF CONTENTS ix Abbreviations used for the 35 Chapter 2: Books of the Bible Jesus Christ Instituted the Church ix General Abbreviations 36 PART I: God Prepares His People for the Church x Foreword 39 Sidebar: The Saints: Pillars of the Church 293 Art and Photo Credits St. Augustine of Hippo 40 The Incarnation 298 Index 42 The Proclamation of the Kingdom 42 Sidebar: What Is the Kingdom of God Like? 43 Sidebar: The Parable of the Sower 1 Chapter 1: 44 Jesus Calls the Twelve Apostles God Prepares the Way for His Church 45 Salvation Through the Cross in the Old Testament 46 What Does It Mean to Be Saved? 4 Creation Is Made for Man 47 Made Known in the Breaking of the Bread 5 We Were Made for Communion with God 48 The FulfillmentForum of the Old Covenant 6 God Prepares His People for the Church in the Church 7 Sidebar: The Saints: Pillars of the Church 50 Sidebar: Theat Covenants of Salvation History St. Irenæus of Lyon 51 A New and Everlasting Temple 8 The Covenant of Creation 52 PART II: Names and Images of the Church 8 Adam’s Disobedience 54 Images of the Church 9 A Plan for Restoration Theological55 The Mystical Body of Christ 10 God Calls Abram 56 The Bride of Christ 11 Abraham, Our Father in Faith 57AvailableSidebar: The Church Is a “She” 12 Abraham’s Obedience 57 The Family of God 13 A Blessing for All Nations 58 Sidebar: The Church as the Family of God 13 Sidebar: Isaac and Christ Midwest 60 The People of God 14 God Calls Moses 60 Sidebar: Worshiping as the New People of God 15 The Exodus from Egypt (c) 62 Sidebar: The Saints: Pillars of the Church 16 Sidebar: Ten Plagues of Egypt Information St. Francis of Assisi 17 God’s Covenant with Israel 63 The Kingdom of God 19 Israel’s Disobedience 64 Sidebar: Other Images of the Church 20 Israel Demands a King More 65 Conclusion 21 King David Copyright www.theologicalforum.org66 Supplementary Reading 22 God’s Covenant with David 68 Vocabulary 23 Sidebar: The Seven Primary Features of the 71 Study Questions Davidic Covenant 72 Practical Exercises 23 The Reign of Solomon and the Collapse 73 From the Catechism of the Kingdom 24 Sidebar: Three Additional Features or 75 Chapter 3: Secondary Characteristics of the Davidic The Story of the Early Church Covenant 78 “Go and Make Disciples of All Nations” 25 Conclusion 79 The Day of Pentecost 26 Supplementary Reading 80 The Descent of the Holy Spirit 28 Vocabulary 81 St. Peter’s Authority 32 Study Questions 82 Sidebar: St. Peter, the Vicar of Christ, 33 Practical Exercises the Good Shepherd (Jn 21:15-17) 34 From the Catechism 83 Trials and Persecution 84 Sidebar: The Saints: Pillars of the Church St. Polycarp Table of Contents v THE CHURCH Sacrament of Salvation TABLE OF CONTENTS 85 St. Paul, Light for the Gentiles 118 Roman Curia 86 Sidebar: St. Paul, the Man Chosen for the 118 Secretariat of State Conversion of the Gentiles 118 Congregations 88 Preaching to All Nations 119 Tribunals 88 St. Philip Baptizes the Ethiopian 119 Pontifical Councils 89 The Vision of St. Peter 120 The Office of Bishop 90 The Council of Jerusalem 121 Sidebar: What Is a Cathedral? 90 The Meaning of Twelve 122 Ecumenical Councils 91 Acts of the Apostles 123 The Office of Priest 91 St. Peter 124 Sidebar: What Is a Parish? 92 St. James the Greater 124 The Office of Deacon 93 St. John 125 The Teaching Authority of the Church 94 St. Andrew 126 The Deposit of Faith 94 St. Philip 126 Sidebar: What Is Apostolic Tradition? 95 St. Bartholomew (Nathanael) 128 The MagisteriumForum 95 St. Matthew 128 Infallibility of the Magisterium 96 St. Thomas 129 Sanctifying and Governing Role of the Church 96 St. James the Lesser 130 Sidebar: Preceptsat of the Church 97 St. Jude (Judas) 130 Salvation and the Church 97 St. Simon 132 Ecumenical and Interfaith Relations 97 Judas Iscariot Theological133 Conclusion 98 St. Paul 134 Supplementary Reading 99 Called to Be Apostles 137 AvailableVocabulary 99 “Thy Kingdom Come” 141 Study Questions 100 Conclusion 142 Practical Exercises 101 Supplementary Reading Midwest 143 From the Catechism 102 Vocabulary 104 Study Questions (c) 145 Chapter 5: 105 Practical Exercises Information The Four Marks of the Church: 105 From the Catechism One, Holy, Catholic, and Apostolic 148 The First Mark: The Church Is One 107 Chapter 4: More 149 Unity in the Mystical Body The Church asCopyright Sacrament ofwww.theologicalforum.org Salvation 150 Sidebar: The Saints: Pillars of the Church 109 The Church Is the Sacrament of Salvation Pope St. Leo the Great 110 The Mystery of the Church 151 Wounds to Unity 111 A Visible and Invisible Society 152 Sidebar: The Four Marks of the Church 112 The Church as the Sacrament of Communion 152 Heresies in the Early Church 113 Sidebar: Pope Benedict XVI on the Meaning 153 Gnosticism of Communion 154 Arianism (Fourth Century) 114 The Hierarchical Structure of the Church 155 Apollinarianism (ca. 360-381) 114 Sidebar: The Hierarchy of the Church Is 155 Nestorianism (ca. 351–ca. 451) Established by Christ 156 Monophysitism (400s-600s) 116 St. Peter and the Papacy 156 The Protestant Reformation 117 Sidebar: How a Pope Is Elected 157 Toward Greater Christian Unity vi Table of Contents THE CHURCH Sacrament of Salvation TABLE OF CONTENTS 158 Sidebar: Contemporary Efforts in Ecumenism 202 “Do This in Memory of Me” and Interfaith Dialogue 203 Sidebar: The Eucharist: The Source and 159 The Second Mark: The Church Is Holy Summit of the Church’s Life 160 Participation in the Holiness of Christ 204 Penance 161 The Church Will Receive Her Perfection 205 Venial and Mortal Sins in the Glory of Heaven 206 Anointing of the Sick 162 The Third Mark: The Church Is Catholic 207 Not Just “Extreme Unction” 162 Sidebar: The Catholicity of the Church 208 Holy Orders 164 Sidebar: Why Does the Church Have 208 Characters of Ecclesial Ministry Different Rites? 209 Matrimony The Twenty-one Rites of the 210 “One Flesh” Catholic Church 211 A Vocation of Service 165 The Fourth Mark: The Church Is Apostolic 211 A Life of Prayer 166 Conclusion 212 Types of Prayer 168 Supplementary Reading 214 Sacrifice andForum Self-Denial 171 Vocabulary 215 Sidebar: The Role of Youth in the Church 174 Study Questions 216 PART II: Seeking Holiness in Daily Life 174 Practical Exercise 216 Living Witnessesat of Jesus Christ 175 From the Catechism 217 Sidebar: Evangelizing Truths 217 Holiness Within One’s State of Life 177 Chapter 6: Theological218 Holiness in Family Life The Church in the Life of the Faithful 218 Sidebar: St. Paul’s Teachings Concerning 180 PART I: The Universal Call to Holiness Availablethe Unmarried 180 Faith Requires a Response 219 Finding Holiness in Our Work 181 The Church Is the People of God 220 Sidebar: The Saints: Pillars of the Church 183 Common Priesthood of the FaithfulMidwest St. Thomas More 184 The Laity 221 The Lay Apostolate 185 Universal Call to Holiness (c) 222 Sidebar: They Will Know You Are My Disciples 186 Sidebar: The Saints: Pillars of theInformation Church 222 Living Our Faith in the Midst of the World St. Gianna Beretta Molla 223 Vocation to the Consecrated Life 187 The Liturgy of the Catholic Church 224 Types of Consecrated Life 188 Sidebar: Jesus Christ, theMore One Mediator 225 Conclusion Between God Copyrightand Man www.theologicalforum.org226 Supplementary Reading 188 The Liturgical Year 230 Vocabulary 191 The Seven Sacraments 235 Study Questions 191 What Is a Sacrament? 237 Practical Exercises 191 Ex Opere Operato 238 From the Catechism 193 Why the Sacraments? 194 Baptism 241 Chapter 7: 195 The Catechumenate The Church as a Communion of Saints 196 Baptism of Blood, Baptism of Desire, 244 The Church as a Communion of Saints and Unbaptized Infants 245 Sidebar: What Is an Indulgence? 196 Sidebar: Baptism: The Doorway of the Church 246 What Does It Mean to Be a Saint? 197 Confirmation 247 Intercession of the Saints 199 Eucharist 247 Intercessory Prayer 200 The New Passover 248 Sidebar: The Saints: Pillars of the Church 201 Sidebar: The Mass in the Early Church St. Therese of Lisieux Table of Contents vii THE CHURCH Sacrament of Salvation TABLE OF CONTENTS 249 Veneration of the Saints 269 Chapter 8: 250 The End of History: A New Heaven and Mary, Mother of the Church a New Earth and Our Mother 252 St. John’s Vision of the Heavenly Liturgy 272 Mary in God’s Plan of Salvation 253 The Holy Mass Is a Participation in the 272 Mother of God Heavenly Liturgy 272 Sidebar: Church Dogmas About Mary 254 The Last Things 274 Sidebar: Fiat: The “Yes” of Mary 255 Particular Judgment 275 The Immaculate Conception 255 Purgatory 277 Sidebar: The Woman of the Protoevangelium 256 Praying for the Holy Souls 277 The Assumption of the Blessed Virgin Mary 256 Hell 279 Sidebar: The Saints: Pillars of the Church 257 Sidebar: Why Pray for the Dead? St. Joseph 258 Heaven 280 The Perpetual Virginity of Mary 259 The Parousia 280 Sidebar: Did Jesus Have Brothers and Sisters? 260 Sidebar: The Saints: Pillars of the Church 281 Mary, MotherForum of the Church St. Michael the Archangel 282 Sidebar: “Behold, Your Mother!” 262 Conclusion 283 Mary, Help ofat Christians 263 Vocabulary 284 Queen of Heaven 265 Study Questions 285 Conclusion 266 Practical Exercises 287 Sidebar: Litany of Loreto 267 From the Catechism Theological288 Supplementary Reading 289 Vocabulary 290AvailableStudy Questions 290 Practical Exercises 291 From the Catechism Midwest (c) Information More Copyright www.theologicalforum.org viii Table of Contents Forum at Theological Available Midwest (c) Information More Copyright www.theologicalforum.org Beginning with Adam and Eve, God gradually unfolded his plan of salvation to the world.