Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(6): 3142-3148 International Journal of Current Microbiology and Applied Sciences ISSN: 2319-7706 Volume 9 Number 6 (2020) Journal homepage: http://www.ijcmas.com Original Research Article https://doi.org/10.20546/ijcmas.2020.906.376 Marketing Pattern, Value Addition and Major Constraints of Marigold Production in Surajpur District of Chhattisgarh, India Yogesh Kumar Sai1*, Shashank Sharma2, Anjali Verma2 and Yogeshwari Sahu2 1Department of Agri-Business & Rural Management, 2Department of Agricultural Economics, College of Agriculture, IGKV, Raipur, (CG), India *Corresponding author ABSTRACT The present study was based on Performance of Pilkha Agro Producer Company Limited Silphili: A K e yw or ds Case Study of Marigold production in Surajpur district of Chhattisgarh. 100 marigold farmers were selected by random proportionate method from the district. The primary data was collected from the Marketing channels, marigold producers through personal interview method with the help of well-prepared questionnaire Random for the production and marketing year for kharif marigold 2016-17. The numbers of house hold is taken on category wise was 48 Marginal and 52 small farmers. The overall marketable surplus of proportionate method, Producer, marigold was observed as 84.16 quintal. Three marketing channels were observed in the sale of retailer , Consumer marigold viz., Channel-I: producer-consumer, Channel-II: producer-retailer-consumer and Channel- III: producer-wholesaler-retailer-consumer. It was found that the price received by the marigold Article Info producer was Rs. 2300 per quintal, Rs. 2650 per quintal, Rs.3040 per quintal in channel –I, channel- II and channel-III respectively. Producer’s share in consumer rupee was highest in channel-I Accepted: (99.13%).The study suggested that efforts should be made to increase the area, production and 21 May 2020 productivity of marigold by providing good quality planting material, Infrastructure and value Available Online: addition, improved technology for marigold production along with proper package and practices of 10 June 2020 floricultural crops for better flower management, cold storage and value addition in marigold flower can significantly increase its marketing and profitability on sales. Introduction NHM Chhattisgarh database). Chhattisgarh state occupied the good acreage for Marigold, belonging to family Asleraceae, is commercial cultivation of flower. The acreage an important and popular flower of India and is mostly concentrated around cities and ranks third in number after roses and towns. chrysanthemum. It is the native of America. Marigold is a high value and labor intensive The cultivation of flowers is being noticed as crop and it is cultivated by most of the cash crop in Raipur, Durg and Bilaspur. The farmers on small scale. The area under area under flowers cultivation in India was marigold has increased from 1961.45 ha to nearly 191 thousand hectares in 2010-2011 2145.70 ha in Chhattisgarh during the year of and their production was 1031 thousand 2010-2011 and 2011-2012 (Anonymous metric tons. 3142 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(6): 3142-3148 During the same period, there was 7130.40 Secondary data hectares area of flower and the production of flower was 26603.96 metric tons The secondary data were collected through (Anonymous, Agriculture Ministry database). various sources like Government Site and About 248.51 thousand hectares area was other Non-Government organization. under Cultivation in floriculture in 2014-15. Period of study Production of flowers is estimated to be 1,685 thousand tones loose flowers and 472 The detail enquiry was done for the year thousand tones cut flowers in 2014-15. 2016-17. Flowers occupy an important position in today’s life. Flowers are required for religious Analytical tools festivals, marriages and other social gatherings, to greet the sick as well as to offer Simple average and percentage method was condolences. Flowers were grown at home for used to analyze the collected data. daily worship as well as for decoration purposes. Analysis of data Materials and Methods In order to fulfill the objectives of the study, the collected data was analyzed by using Chhattisgarh state consists of 27 districts, out appropriate techniques and tools like of which Surajpur district was selected marketing cost, marketing margin, price purposively for the present study. The 100 spread and marketing constraints. marigold farmers were selected by random proportionate method from the district. Results and Discussion The numbers of house hold is taken on Marketing pattern and value addition of category wise was 48 Marginal and 52 small marigold farmers. The methodology employed for the present study mainly consisted of structured Marketing of marigold interview farmers involved with floriculture. Simple average and percentage method were Like other agricultural commodities, used for analysis the collected data. marketing is playing very important role for the disposal of Marigold. The Raipur district Primary data of Chhattisgarh lacks of infrastructural development for the marketing of agricultural The primary data was collected from the commodities especially for the flowers. marigold producers through personal interview method with the help of well The Mundra, Raveli and Bhatagaon villages prepared questionnaire for the production and of the study area were situated in adjoining marketing year for kharif marigold 2016-17. areas of Raipur having market near them but The methodology employed for collection of have unorganised market. During the course primary data in the present study mainly of study, producers, village merchants, consisted of structured interviews with wholesalers and retailers were generally farmers from Pilkha Agro Produce Company engaged in assembling of Marigold and their Limited. marketing (Table 1). 3143 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(6): 3142-3148 Producers purchase the wholesale traders transfer the product to other district markets or at Marigold growers dispose their produce by processing units. themselves in Raipur flower market. It has been observed that about 70-80 per cent of the Retailer total produce was assembled by the growers themselves. Generally, the farmers of the The retailer is the last intermediary in market. nearby villages bring their produce to sell in The retailer purchases the Marigold in market the market in order to secure better prices. by farmers and sold out them by to various Small producers consider it better to sell their small markets at their own prices. produce in the village to avoid deception existed in the marketing at Raipur flower Marketing channels and cost of marigold market. There were three types of marketing channels Wholesalers identified, in the study area (Table 2). Those which are as follows: Mostly, Marigold producers were sold their produce to wholesalers in market. After The marketing charges paid by the Marigold out of which 7.82was sold through channel I, flower producer to the agents for different 34.28 qt. was sold through II and 15.8qt.was operations in Channel-I, which was worked sold through channel III. For small farms, out and found to be Rs. 2300, per quintal. The total production was sold, out of which marketing charge paid by the marigold 14.56qt., 6379qt. and 51.67qt. was sold producer to wholesaler and retailer (channel- through channel I, channel II and channel III II) was Rs. 2650 per quintal, respectively. respectively overall 11.19qt.,49.04qt.and Total marketing charges were higher being 33.74 qt. were sold through channel I, channel Rs.120 per quintal in channel-II. In channel – II and channel III respectively. III the total marketing cost incurred (channel - III) was 3040 Rs/q. Therefore, producer has Value addition of marigold flower paid (Table 3–6). This chapter was concerned with the Disposal pattern of marigold assessment of value addition by marigold producers. Value addition was mainly Table-4 shows the disposable pattern of the interpreted as the difference between the total marginal through 3 channels. For marginal expenses involved in making or buying of a farms, the total production 57.90 qt. has sold commodity and the total revenue accruing 3144 Int.J.Curr.Microbiol.App.Sci (2020) 9(6): 3142-3148 from its sales, Value addition activities were The study revealed that the high price of mainly concerned with the change of utilities. fertilizers and insecticides was the major For those reasons this chapter goes through problem of the farmers got IIIrd rank and the cost and returns at different levels that Lack of labour got VIth rank on overall farms. were incurred and obtained by flower The technical problems presented in the study producers finally estimation of value addition area were Attack by pest and diseases IXth of marigold. rank, Lack of scientific knowledge and training IVth rank, Environment related Large size marigold garland was profitable problem VIIth rank and Instability in yield got than small size garlands. The net profit for XIth rank. large garland of marigold was Rs. 11 and the B.C ratio were 1:1.57 respectively. The major marketing problems encounter in the study area on overall farms were Low Problems faced in production, marketing demand for flowers in some seasons IInd rank and value addition by growers , Low market price Ist rank, Lack of market information VIIIth rank, Price fluctuation Vth The problems of production and marketing rank, Lack of storage facility XIth rank and arise when the objectives of production and Delay in Payment Xth rank . marketing are constrained to be achieved. For the sake of convenience, the problems faced Value addition is one of important task which by the selected flower farmers in the study performed after harvesting of the crop to area have been categorized under three increases their shelf life, time utility and price general groups such as economic, technical of the flower. But in study area farmers faces and marketing problems (Table-6).