Okhaldhunga Detailed Needs Assessment ACTED HQ Nepal 33, rue Godot de Mauroy September 2015 75009 Paris,France Tel: +33 1 42653333 [email protected] Page | 1 Contents ACRONYMS ....................................................................................................................................... 4 INTRODUCTION ............................................................................................................................... 5 METHODOLOGY............................................................................................................................... 6 Tools................................................................................................................................................. 6 Sample size ...................................................................................................................................... 6 Data collection and analysis ............................................................................................................. 6 Limitations ....................................................................................................................................... 7 MAP ..................................................................................................................................................... 8 Executive summary .............................................................................................................................. 9 Main findings ................................................................................................................................... 9 Recommendations .......................................................................................................................... 16 MAIN FINDINGS ............................................................................................................................. 26 Demographics .................................................................................................................................... 26 Table 1. Population per VDC ..................................................................................................... 26 Table 2.1. Number of Households per Caste per VDC .............................................................. 27 Table 2.2. Number of Households per Caste per VDC .............................................................. 28 Contextual Background...................................................................................................................... 29 Damages caused by the earthquakes .............................................................................................. 29 Ward accessibility .......................................................................................................................... 29 Market Accessibility ...................................................................................................................... 31 Shelter ................................................................................................................................................ 32 Type of Housing............................................................................................................................. 32 Figure 1: Housing types in Okhaldhunga .................................................................................. 33 Table 3: Housing types in Okhaldhunga per VDC .................................................................... 33 Table 4. Level of destruction per VDC ...................................................................................... 34 Vulnerabilities of Type of Housing ............................................................................................... 38 Assistance Received ....................................................................................................................... 40 Figure 2. Shelter Assistance per VDC ....................................................................................... 41 Shelter Needs of the Communities ................................................................................................. 41 Women’s Perspective on Shelter Needs ........................................................................................ 42 Table 5. Measurement Converter Table ..................................................................................... 44 Non-Food Items ................................................................................................................................. 45 Assistance Received ....................................................................................................................... 45 NFI Needs of the Communities ..................................................................................................... 45 Women’s Perspective on NFI Needs ............................................................................................. 46 Page | 2 Water, Sanitation and Hygiene (WASH) ........................................................................................... 46 Main Sources of Drinking Water ................................................................................................... 46 Table 6. Number of households per Gravity Water Supply Scheme ......................................... 47 Damages to Water Sources ............................................................................................................ 47 Figure 3: Safe Drinking Water availability per VDC ................................................................ 48 Women’s Perspective on Damages to Water Sources ................................................................... 48 WASH Needs of the Communities ................................................................................................ 49 Latrines and Hygiene Practices ...................................................................................................... 49 Food Security ..................................................................................................................................... 50 Assistance Received ....................................................................................................................... 50 Figure 4.1: Food relief received per VDC ................................................................................. 51 Figure 4.2: Food relief received per VDC ................................................................................. 51 Food Needs of the Communities .................................................................................................... 52 Women’s Perspective on Food Needs ........................................................................................... 53 Livelihoods......................................................................................................................................... 54 Main Livelihoods ........................................................................................................................... 54 Figure 5: Main Livelihoods in Okhaldhunga ............................................................................. 54 Crop agriculture ............................................................................................................................. 55 Plantation and harvesting time ....................................................................................................... 56 Table 7.1. Planting calendar in Okhaldhunga ............................................................................ 57 Table 7.2. Harvesting calendar in Okhaldhunga ........................................................................ 58 Livestock rearing............................................................................................................................ 59 Women’s perspective on Livelihood ............................................................................................. 59 Division of Labour ......................................................................................................................... 60 Table 8. Division of Labour in Agriculture ............................................................................... 61 Table 9. Division of Labour in Livestock Rearing .................................................................... 62 Women’s perspective on Division of Labour ................................................................................ 63 Assistance Received ....................................................................................................................... 64 Livelihoods Needs of the Communities ......................................................................................... 64 Women’s Perspective on Livelihoods Needs................................................................................. 65 Education ........................................................................................................................................... 65 Access to education ........................................................................................................................ 65 Table 10. Number of schools per VDC before the earthquakes ................................................ 65 Table 11. Number of schools per VDC after the earthquakes ................................................... 66 Figure 6.1: Level of school destruction per VDC .....................................................................