VLR Listed: 12/5/2001 NPS Form 10-900 OMB No. 1024-0018 (Rev. 10-90) NRHP Listed: 5/30/2002 United States Department of the Interior National Park Service 6 NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES MKK I 7 2002 REGISTRATION FORM Thla form is for use in nominating or requesting detennlnatlonninationsa for individuaindividuall properties and districts. See instructio s in Hov to Complete the national .Begister of Historic Places Reqistration Form (National Re_giater Bulletin 16A) . Con?)lete eacchh ite"m— by marlcing "x" "" in the appccpziate box or by entering tl a information requested. If any-item'fcloes not apply to the (property being documented, enter "N/A" for "not applicable." For functictionsi , architectural clasaificatixe, materials, and areas of s gnificance, enter only cateooriea and subcategories from the instructions, Place additional entries and narrative items on continuation sheet—^_ s {KPiia-D^S For=. m 10-900,n_anft_a . ^ typewriter, word pro tssoi, or computer, to coBDiete all iteme.; • ^, 1. Name of Property historic name THE OAKS other names/site number INNES HILL VDHR FILE No.: 30-320 2. Location street & number 8457 Oaks Road not for publication N/A city or town Warrenton vicinity _X state Virginia code VA county Fauquier code 061 zip code 20186 3. State/Federal Agency Certification As the designated authority under the National Historic Preservation Act of 1986, as amended, I hereby certify that this _r_ nomination, request for determination of eligibility meets the documentation standards for registering properties in the National Register of Historic Places and meets the procedural and professional requirements set forth in 36 CFR Part 60. In my opinion, the property _x_ meets does not meet the National Register Criteria. I recommend that this property be considered siqnificar;^^~^nationaIly~^Tr;;--.atatewide locally. ( See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signa-tfure of certifying official Director, Virginia Department of Historic Resources State or Federal agency and bureau In my opinion, the property meets does not meet the National Register criteria. ( See continuation sheet for additional comments.) Signature ot commenting or other official' Date state or Federal agency and bureau 4. National Park Service Certification I, hereby certify that this property is/'CDy entered in the National Register See continuation sheet. determined eligible for the National Register See continuation sheet. deTWrmined not eligible for the National Register removed from the National Register other (explain) : • Signature or Keeper uate of Action Property Name, County The Oaks, Fauquier County, Virginia 5. Classification Ownership of Property (Check as many boxes as apply) _X_ private public-local public-State public-Federal Category of Property (Check only one box) _ _ building(s) _X_ district site structure object Number of Resources within Property Contributing Non-contributing 13_ 4_ buildings 2_ sites 1_ _ structures _ objects 16_ 4 Total Number of contributing resources previously listed in the National Register 0 Name of related multiple property listing (Enter "N/A" if property is not part of a multiple property listing.) N/A 6. Function or Use Historic Functions (Enter categories from instructions) Cat; .DOMESTIC Sub: Single Dwelling _DOMESTIC_ Secondary Structure RELIGION Church-related residence AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE_ Agricultural Field AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE_ Storage AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE_ Agricultural Outbuilding. ^AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE Horticultural facility INDUSTRY/PROCESSING/EXTRACTION Energy facility LANDSCAPE Garden, Forest Current Functions (Enter categories from instructions) Cat: DOMESTIC Sub: Single Dwelling DOMESTIC Secondary Structure AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCE Agricultural Field Property Name, County The Oalts, Fauquier County, Virginia _AGRICULTURE/SDBSISTENCE Agricultural Outbuilding_ _AGRICULTURE/SUBSISTENCEI .Horticultural Facility INDUSTRY/PROCESSING/EXTRACTION .Energy facility LANDSCAPE _Garden, Forest_ 7. Description Architectural Classification (Enter categories from instructions) LATE 19™ AND 20™ CENTURY REVIVALS - NEO-CLASSICAL Materials (Enter categories from instructions) foundation STONE; HOLLOW TILE; CONCRETE BLOCK; CINDER BLOCK roof SLATE; METAL-Tin; ASPHALT walls BRICK; HOLLOW TILE; GLASS WOOD = Weatherboard; Board-and-batten; Log other Chimney BRICK; Porch WOOD; BRICK; Lintel BRICK; STONE KEYSTONE Cornice WOOD Narrative Description (Describe the historic and current condition of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) 8. Statement of Significance Applicable Hational Register Criteria (Mark "x" in one or more boxes for the criteria qualifying the property for National Register listing) X A Property is associated with events that have made a significant contribution to the broad patterns of our history. B Property is associated with the lives of persons significant m nur past. X C Property embodies the distinctive characteristics of a type, p"e r"l~D d, or method of construction or represents the work of a master, or possesses high artistic values, or represents a significant and distinguishable entity whose components lack individual distinction. p. Property.has yielded, or is likely to yield information important in prehistory or nistory. Criteria Considerations (Mark "X" in all the boxes that apply.) A owned by a religious institution or used for religiTJTT^ purposes. B removed from its original location. C a birthplace or a grave. D a cemetery. E a reconstructed building, object, or structure. F a commemorative property. G less than 50 years of age or achieved significance within the p^ST~ 50 years. Property Name, County The Oaks, Fauquier County, Virginia Areas of Significance (Enter categories from instructions! ARCHITECTURE LANDSCAPE ARCHITECTURE AGRICULTURE .POLITICS/GOVERNMENT Period of Significance 1881 1928-1951 Significant Dates _1881 1931" Significant Persons (Complete if Criterion B is marked above) Cultural Affiliation Architect W. H. Irwin Fleming, Architect Builder W. J. Hanback, Builder Narrative Statement of Significance (Explain the significance of the property on one or more continuation sheets.) See Continuation Sheets. 9. Major Bibliographical References (Cite the books, articles, and other sources used in preparing this form on one or more continuation sheets.) Previous documentation on file (NPS) preliminary Primary Location of Additional Data _x _State determination of individual listing (36 CFR 67) Historic Preservation Office _x_ Other State agency has been requested. previously listed in the _x_ Federal agency _x_ Local government _x_ National Register previously determined eligible University_ x_ Other Name of repository: by the National Register designated a National ^ (see Bibliography Section 9) Historic Landmark recorded by Historic American — = jr J Buildings Survey # recorded by Historic American Engineering Record # 10. Geographical Data Acreage of Property 151.4419 UTM References (Place additional UTM references on a continuation sheet) Zone Easting Northing Zone Easting Northing A 18 251920 4284910 B 18 251620 4285140 C 18 251740 4285600 D 18 252200 4285880 _X See continuation sheet. Verbal Boundary Description (Describe the boundaries of the property on a continuation sheet. NPS Form 10-900-a OMB No. 1024-0018 (8-86) United States Department of the Interior National Park Service NATIONAL REGISTER OF HISTORIC PLACES CONTINUATION SHEET Section _J_ Page J_ The Oaks Fauquier County, Virginia Narrative Description The Oaks contains 151 acres of pastoral land situated approximately three and one-half miles southwest of Warrenton on the north side of Route 802 or Springs Road, the old road to Culpeper. Fauquier White Sulphur Springs, now a country club, lies a mile to the southwest, and the Rappahannock River runs two miles to the north. The Oaks is bordered by Springs Road on the south, agricultural land mostly preserved in conservation easements on the north and west and Clovercroft Farm on the east boundary. The equestrian estates ofNorth Wales and Dog Patch Farm lie on the opposite east side of Springs Road. The approximate 40-acre southwest portion of The Oaks remains heavily forested and is separated from the open pastureland and mansion landscape to the northeast by Route 681 or Holtzclaw Road. This picturesque twentieth-century country estate has thirteen contributing buildings dating from 1928 to 1945. The agent's cottage, tile bam, com house, spring house and summerhouse were built between 1928 and 1930, while the Neoclassical-style mansion, garage with servants' quarters, greenhouse, log cabin, potato house, pump house, chicken house and field shed were built between 1931 and 1945. There are two contributing sites including the mansion landscape and scene of the 1881 duel, and one contributing windmill structure. The Oaks has four non-contributing buildings which fall out of the period of signiflcance. Since the Bowdens created this country estate, it has remained in the protective ownership of the family and retains good to excellent integrity in location, setting, design, workmanship, materials, feeling and association. Mansion Landscape, contributing site, 1933-1951: A long drive passes a grove of trees including red and white oaks in the outer front dooryard before arriving at a grass circle at the south portico. A stone ha-ha wall runs along the lower perimeter ofthe circle. The drive further leads around to the flagstone courtyard outside the garage at the east wing. Azaleas, hollies, a tall ms^olia