Development of Energy Efficiency in Sub-Saharan African Cities: A Municipal Perspective from Accra, Addis Abba and Nairobi The World Bank Group Development of Energy Efficiency in Sub-Saharan African Cities—Lessons Learned Report i Table of Contents 1 Executive Summary .................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Introduction .......................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Opportunities and Barriers to Investment in Energy Efficiency ............................. 2 1.3 Need for Coordinated Action ................................................................................ 2 1.4 Summary of Findings for Pilot Cities .................................................................... 3 1.4.1 Accra............................................................................................................... 3 1.4.2 Addis Ababa.................................................................................................... 5 1.4.3 Nairobi ............................................................................................................ 6 1.5 Opportunities for Other Cities .............................................................................. 8 1.6 Recommendations for Development Finance Institutions .................................... 9 2 Accra ......................................................................................................................... 10 2.1 City Context ....................................................................................................... 10 2.2 Key Actions per Sector ...................................................................................... 12 2.2.1 Buildings ....................................................................................................... 12 2.2.2 Solid Waste ................................................................................................... 13 3 Addis Ababa .............................................................................................................. 16 3.1 City Context ....................................................................................................... 16 3.2 Key Actions per Sector ...................................................................................... 18 3.2.1 Potable Water ............................................................................................... 18 3.2.2 Tanneries ...................................................................................................... 19 3.2.3 Transport Sector ........................................................................................... 20 4 Nairobi ....................................................................................................................... 23 4.1 City Context ....................................................................................................... 23 4.2 Key Actions per Sector ...................................................................................... 25 4.2.1 Street Lighting ............................................................................................... 25 4.2.2 Municipal Buildings ....................................................................................... 26 4.2.3 Solid Waste ................................................................................................... 28 5 Implications from Energy Efficiency Initiatives in Accra, Addis Ababa, and Nairobi ....................................................................................................................... 30 5.1 Energy Efficiency Policies and Regulations Implication ..................................... 30 5.2 Leveraging the Market Implication ..................................................................... 31 5.3 Finance: Public and Public–Private Instruments Implications ............................. 31 5.4 Collaboration: Working with Stakeholders and Peers ......................................... 32 5.5 Energy Data ...................................................................................................... 33 5.6 Behavioral Change Initiatives ............................................................................ 34 5.7 Implications for Development Institutions ........................................................... 34 Development of Energy Efficiency in Sub-Saharan African Cities—Lessons Learned Report ii ANNEXES Annex A: Accra City Report .............................................................................................. 36 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. 1 A1 - Introduction ..................................................................................................................... 11 5.8 Project Background ........................................................................................... 11 5.9 Scope of Project ................................................................................................ 11 5.9.1 Inception Phase ............................................................................................ 13 5.9.2 Phase 1: Situational Analysis ........................................................................ 13 5.9.3 Phase 2: Sector Prioritization ........................................................................ 13 5.9.4 Phase 3: Gap Analysis .................................................................................. 14 5.10 Key Challenges and Priorities ............................................................................ 14 A2 - City Administrative Context ........................................................................................... 16 A3 - Sectors for Prioritization ................................................................................................ 20 5.11 Key Findings ...................................................................................................... 20 5.12 Accra’s Energy Profile ....................................................................................... 21 5.13 Approach to Sector Prioritization ....................................................................... 22 5.14 Benchmark Data for Priority Sectors .................................................................. 27 A4 - High-level Assessment of Potential Intervention Measures ........................................ 31 5.15 Buildings ............................................................................................................ 31 5.15.1 Summary and Analysis of High-level Measures ............................................ 31 5.15.2 Energy Efficiency Potential ............................................................................ 40 5.15.3 Key Barriers and Intervention Measures ....................................................... 41 5.15.4 Working with Key Stakeholders ..................................................................... 47 5.16 Solid Waste ....................................................................................................... 48 5.16.1 Summary and Analysis of High-level Measures ............................................ 48 5.16.2 Key Barriers and Recommended Interventions ............................................. 56 5.17 Relevant Case Studies ...................................................................................... 60 A5 - Action Plans .................................................................................................................... 64 5.18 Facilitating Access to Low-cost Finance to Complement Building Sector Energy Efficiency Policies .............................................................................................. 64 5.19 Key Next Steps for Taking Forward Building Sector Recommendations ............ 65 5.20 Key Next Steps for Taking Forward Solid Waste Sector Recommendations ...... 69 Annex B: Addis Ababa City Report ............................................................................ 83 Executive Summary ................................................................................................................. 1 B1 - Introduction ....................................................................................................................... 9 5.21 Project Background ............................................................................................. 9 5.22 Scope of Project ................................................................................................ 10 5.22.1 Inception Phase .......................................................................................... 11 5.22.2 Phase 1: Situational Analysis..................................................................... 11 5.22.3 Phase 2: Sector Prioritization..................................................................... 11 Development of Energy Efficiency in Sub-Saharan African Cities—Lessons Learned Report iii 5.22.4 Phase 3: Gap Analysis ................................................................................ 12 5.23 Key Challenges and Priorities ............................................................................ 12 B2 - City Administrative Context ........................................................................................... 14 B3 - Sectors for Prioritization ...............................................................................................