Demography This informs about Bhubaneswar Demographics, the total population of the city, the literacy rate and the major occupation of the people of Bhubaneswar. Bhubaneswar, the capital city of Orissa is a site of cultural synthesis and multiracial integration. The city is a hub of numerous temples. It once had more than 7,000 temples but today only 500 temples remained undamaged. The temples followed Hindu and Buddhist style of architecture. Islamic raiders destroyed most of the temples during the medieval period. .The settlements in this historic city date back to 3rd century BC during the Asoka period. In the 5th Century BC, Bhubaneswar was the capital of the Kesaris dynasty of Orissa. As per Bhubaneswar Demographics is concerned, Census 2001 reckoned the population of the Bhubaneswar to be approximately 647,302. About 56% of the total populations are male while 44% are female. 10% of the total populations are children below 6 years. The average literacy rate of Bhubaneswar is 79%. The male literacy rate is 83% while the female literacy rate is 74%. Oriya language is spoken by the majority while Hinduism is the major religion followed by the people living in Bhubaneswar. Tribal population is about 22% of the total population in Orissa and some parts have settled down in the city to earn their living. The developing city of Bhubaneswar is the earning center of numerous poor people from rural areas as well as from the neighboring states of West Bengal and Andra Pradesh. Thus Bhubaneswar has more than 180 slums and Bhubaneswar demographic scenarios in such slums are quiet alarming. The slum comprises of 40% of the total population of Bhubaneswar and the socio-economic condition of the dwellers are worse as they lack of basic services like water and proper sanitary system, pollutions, poor education services, and so on. Bhubaneswar is the capital and largest city of the Indian state of Orissa. Once the capital of ancient Kalinga, the city has a long history of 3000 years and is today a center of economic and religious importance. Historically Bhubaneswar has been known by different names such as Toshali, Kalinga Nagari, Nagar Kalinga, Ekamra Kanan, Ekamra Khetra and Mandira Malinya Nagari. The modern city of Bhubaneswar was designed by the German architect Otto Königsberger in 1946. It became the political capital of the state of Odisha in 1948, a year after India gained its independence from Britain. Before Bhubaneswar, Cuttack was the capital of Odisha until 1947. Bhubaneswar and Cuttack are together known as the "twin cities" of Odisha. As per a comprehensive development plan prepared by IIT Kharagpur, the metropolitan area formed by the twin cities has a 2008 population of 1.9 million. The World gazetteer has the metro area population estimated at 1,666,429 making it the 22nd largest urban centre in the country. With its large number of Hindu temples, Bhubaneswar is often referred to as a Temple City of India . These temples span the entire history of Kalinga architecture. Its unique sculptural and architectural heritage, coupled with the sanctity as Ekamrakshetra make this one of the five great religious centers of Odisha since early medieval days. Language: Although Odias comprise the vast majority, there are large groups of Marwaris, Punjabis, Bengalis and Telugus. A good majority are followers of the Jagannath cult as is the case throughout the state of Odisha. The main language spoken in the city is Odia, Hindi and to a fair extent English is understood by most people of the city. Bhubaneswar is home to several educational and research institutions of state and national importance including the Utkal University [3], Xavier Institute of Management, Bhubaneswar [4], the Institute of Physics [5], Indian Institute of Technology [6] , National Institute of Science Education and Research (NISER)[7], Institute of Mathematics and Applications (IMA) [8], IIIT, a planned world class central university, IT institute by ADAG [7] , IMMT, College of Engineering and Technology, Bhubaneswar [9], Orissa University of Agriculture and Technology (OUAT),KIIT University, Siksha O Anusandhan University(SOA)[10] as well as over 30 other private colleges geared towards engineering, biotechnology and management. There are a number of institutions offering degrees related to information technology. Vedanta University is being established as one of the world's largest comprehensive universities in a location very close to Bhubaneswar city. Bhubaneswar is emerging as a national education hub, that is also being promoted as an Information Technology Investment Region (ITIR) by the government [8] . A total of 40 km 2 of land has been allocated for the purpose, out of which about 60% will be devoted to research and development [9] . Two institutions of national importance, the IIT and NISER, Bhubaneswar will be located within this investment region. Health In Odisha, Bhubaneswar has got the best health services available from the following medical institutions: • Capital Hospital (Unit VI) • Kalinga Hospital Ltd. (C.S.Pur) • LV Prasad Eye Institute (LVPEI)(Chandaka Industrial Estate) • Aditya CARE hospital (C.S.Pur) • Appollo Hospital (Coming up near Doordarsan Kendra, Bhubaneswar) • Hi-Tech Medical College & Hospital (Pandara) • Sum Hospital(Institute Of Medical Sciences & Sum Hospital)(Near Kalinga Studio) • Neelachal Hospital Pvt. Ltd. (Kharavel Nagar) • Ayush Hospitals & Trauma Care (P) Ltd (Acharya Vihar) • Kar Clinic & Hosoital Pvt. Ltd (Unit IV) • Vivekananda Hospital (Baramunda) Economy Bhubaneswar was meant to house the state's machinery and hence was designed to be a largely residential city with outlying industrial areas. The city's economy had few major players till the 1990s and was dominated by Public Sector Units, retail and small scale manufacturing. With the economic liberalisation policy adopted by the Government of India in the 90s, Bhubaneswar received large investments in the fields of telecommunications,IT and higher education, particularly engineering. The city accounts for almost all of the IT revenue of Odisha [citation needed ] and is one of the fastest growing regions in India in this sector [citation needed ]. The city is home to around 60 engineering colleges (as of 2009) [6] and the number is growing every year. Around 25,000 engineers graduate with the Bachelor of Technology (B.Tech) degree every year [citation needed ]. The city is also home to many tutorials and coaching institutes who prepare students for various entrance exams. Retail and Real Estate have also emerged as big players. Recent times have seen large scale retail chains such as Reliance and Big Bazaar opening outlets in Bhubaneswar. Large corporations like DLF Universal and Reliance Industrieshave entered the real estate market in the city. DLF Limited is developing an Infopark spread over an area of 54 acres in the city. Despite this rapid growth, a large number of the populace live in slums and are below the poverty line. Migration from rural areas, especially from the northern districts of Andhra Pradesh, has led to the growth of slums which are a major challenge to the city's growth. The rich minerals resources of Odisha have been the backbone of the economy dominated by Govt. (SAIL) and private organizations like Jindal, Vedanta and the TATAS. The slum dwellers work as auto rickshaw drivers or small vendors but this is not true for everyone. A lot of them are unemployed and are being drawn into crime. Education: Schools 77 CBSE Schools 09 Coaching Classes 17 Colleges and Universities 10 Community- Caterers 10 Computer Institutes 61 Dance and Music Classes 10 Driving Schools 06 Educational Institutes 21 Fashion Technology Institutes 1 Kindergartens/Nursery Schools 5 Management Institutions 8 Medical Colleges 1 Engineer College 43 Political Groups: S.No. Name Party 1 AKSHAYA KUMAR MOHANTY BSP 2 ARCHANA NAYAK BJP 3 PRASANNA KUMAR PATASANI BJD 4 SANTOSH MOHANTY INC 5 UMA CHARANA MISHRA JHKP 6 NABAGHAN PARIDA BOP 7 PRAFUL KUMAR SAHOO RPI(A) 8 BASANTA KUMAR BEHERA KS 9 BIJAYANANDA MISHRA LJP 10 JAGANNATH PRASAD LENKA IND 11 DHIRENDRA SATAPATHY IND 12 PRAMILA BEHERA IND 13 SASTHI PRASAD SETHI IND Bhubaneswar , the capital city of Orissa is a unique amalgamation of tradition and modernism. Dotted with temples of the past era glorifying several Hindu Gods & Goddesses, it is rightly termed as a "City of Temples". It is a city which has seen the advent of many faiths like Hinduism, Jainism & Buddhism and their peaceful coexistence with each other that has resulted in reinforcing its secular image in the country. While the old city preserves the golden chapters of history, the modern city boasts itself as being a tech- savvy state of Eastern India. Poised to becoming the premier tech city in eastern India, the city offers benefits like none other – Excellent Infrastructure leading to all round enhancement of quality of life and high quality talent pool. It has a modern cosmopolitan married to great historical and leisure places, the combination of which make it preferred destination. It is also one of the safest cities in India to live in. History This city witnessed some epoch making events in history. It was here that the Great Kalinga War was fought resulting in transformation of Emperor Ashoka from Chanda-Ashok to Dharma- Ashok leading him to embrace Buddhism. The city has witnessed flourishing of numerous temples with intricate Orissan architectural works showcasing the artistic skills of our sculptors. Some of the temples are Parsurameswar (7th c.AD), Vaital (8th c.AD), Mukteswar (10th-11th c.AD), Rajarani (11th c. AD), Brahmeswar, and the Lingaraj temple complex (11th c.AD). Apart from these temples, Bhubaneswar has the oldest rock-cut caves in Khandagiri, Udayagiri once inhabited by Jain monks and Dhauli where Ashokan inscriptions are engraved. Now, there stands a Peace Pagoda built by the Japanese monks. Geographic And Demographic Profiles Bhubaneswar is located on the eastern coastal region of India within the picturesque backdrop of its fringe areas.