Sheffield City Story CASEreport 103: May 2016 Laura Lane, Ben Grubb and Anne Power Contents Contents .................................................................................................................................................... 2 List of figures ............................................................................................................................................. 3 List of boxes ............................................................................................................................................... 4 About LSE Housing and Communities ....................................................................................................... 5 Foreword and acknowledgements ............................................................................................................ 5 Sheffield About .......................................................................................................................................... 6 1. Geography and History .................................................................................................................. 8 Shock Industrial Collapse ......................................................................................................................... 12 Sheffield shifts towards partnerships ...................................................................................................... 16 Recovery to 2007 ..................................................................................................................................... 18 Overview of change ................................................................................................................................. 22 2. The Financial Crash and its impacts on the city – post 2007 ............................................................24 Sheffield’s Economy ................................................................................................................................ 24 Local Enterprise Partnerships .................................................................................................................. 25 City Deals ................................................................................................................................................. 25 3. Reshaping the economy since 2010 ...............................................................................................27 Creative Sheffield’s Economic Strategy ................................................................................................... 29 The major contribution of SMEs .............................................................................................................. 32 Developing new and higher skills ............................................................................................................ 34 RISE .......................................................................................................................................................... 37 4. A “New Industrial Revolution” ......................................................................................................38 Advanced Manufacturing ........................................................................................................................ 38 Green Innovation ..................................................................................................................................... 41 The Proving Factory ................................................................................................................................. 43 Green Sheffield ........................................................................................................................................ 43 Public Transport ...................................................................................................................................... 44 City Centre ............................................................................................................................................... 45 Outdoor Economy ................................................................................................................................... 47 5. Social inclusion and neighbourhood renewal .................................................................................51 Sheffield Fairness Commission ................................................................................................................ 52 Anti-poverty projects in Sheffield ............................................................................................................ 54 6. How is Sheffield City Region progressing? .....................................................................................59 Governance ............................................................................................................................................. 59 Advanced Manufacturing ........................................................................................................................ 59 Jobs and Employment ............................................................................................................................. 60 Reliance on Public Sector Jobs ................................................................................................................ 62 Social Need .............................................................................................................................................. 62 7 Concluding thoughts .....................................................................................................................63 References and sources ........................................................................................................................... 64 2 List of figures Figure 1: Map of England showing Sheffield's location .................................................................................. 7 Figure 2: Maps of Sheffield Local Authority and the South Yorkshire sub-region .......................................... 7 Figure 3: Important dates in Sheffield's history .............................................................................................. 9 Figure 4: Population development, Sheffield 1801-2005 ............................................................................. 10 Figure 5: Bessemer converter used for the mass-production of steel in Sheffield ...................................... 11 Figure 6: The inner city Park Hill Flats estate, nearly 1,000 units, built between 1956 and 1961 ................ 11 Figure 7: Miners’ strike in Sheffield .............................................................................................................. 13 Figure 8: Loss of manufacturing from 1980-2015......................................................................................... 13 Figure 9: Unemployment in Sheffield compared to national average 1980-2015 ....................................... 14 Figure 10: Employment rate in Sheffield compared to Yorkshire and the Humber, and Great Britain ....... 14 Figure 11: Decline in manufacturing in Sheffield .......................................................................................... 15 Figure 12: Map of Sheffield city centre and the Lower Don Valley, showing the Sheffield Development Corporation area ........................................................................................................................................... 17 Figure 13: Growth of Public Sector Employment by sub-sector in selected cities 1998-2007 ..................... 18 Figure 14: Meersbrook Park, one of the city’s many green spaces, with a view of the city centre ............. 19 Figure 15: Converted canalside flats in the Lower Don Valley, on the site of a former industrial works..... 19 Figure 16: Usually Resident Population, 1981-2013 ..................................................................................... 20 Figure 17: Total employee jobs in Sheffield .................................................................................................. 20 Figure 18: Sheaf Square, outside Sheffield station ....................................................................................... 21 Figure 19: City Centre Restoration: Peace Gardens and Winter Gardens .................................................... 21 Figure 20: Sheffield Town Hall during the demolition of the old extension in 2002, and in 2010 with the Mercure St Paul Hotel ................................................................................................................................... 22 Figure 21: Timeline of recovery 1977 - 2005 ................................................................................................ 23 Figure 22: Total employee jobs, Sheffield City Region, 2004 - 2014 ............................................................ 26 Figure 23: Distribution of SMEs in the Sheffield Economy ........................................................................... 33 Figure 24: Harnessing the growth of SMEs ................................................................................................... 33 Figure 25: Percentage of Resident Population in Sheffield achieving NVQ level 4 or above ....................... 36 Figure 26: Average GCSE and equivalent point score per pupil at the end of Key Stage 4 .......................... 36 Figure 27: RISE Apprentice ...........................................................................................................................