Received: 11 December 2019 Revised: 21 February 2020 Accepted: 30 April 2020 DOI: 10.1002/jemt.23508 RESEARCH ARTICLE A new species of Cassida Linnaeus, 1758, from Turkey (Chrysomelidae: cassidinae) Hüseyin Özdikmen1 | Didem Coral S¸ahin2 | Neslihan Bal1 1Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Gazi University, Ankara, Turkey Abstract 2Agricultural fauna and microflora, Directorate A new species, Cassida alidagiense sp. nov., has been described from Kayseri province of Plant Protection Central Research Institute, in Turkey. For the time being, the species is endemic to Turkey. Cassida alidagiense Gayret, Ankara, 06810, Turkey sp. nov., is related to Cassida linnavuorii Borowiec, 1986; Cassida brevis Weise, 1884; Correspondence and Cassida bella Faldermann, 1837, from which it differs in the shape of the apex of *Neslihan Bal, Science Faculty, Department of Biology, Gazi University, Ankara 06500, cornu of the spermethaca, and it can be distinctively differentiated from these spe- Turkey. cies based on color of under body and spermathecal characters especially. In addition, Email: [email protected] the paper presents ultrastructures observed by SEM of spermatheca of Cassida Review Editor: Alberto Diaspro alidagiense sp. nov. from Turkey. KEYWORDS Cassida, Chrysomelidae, new species, SEM, Turkey 1 | INTRODUCTION 1783; Cassida prasina Illiger, 1798; Cassida saucia Weise, 1889; Cas- sida viridis Linnaeus, 1758; Hypocassida subferruginea (Schrank, 1776); Cassidinae contains approximately 16% of Chrysomelid species diver- and Ischyronota desertorum (Gebler, 1833) (Özdikmen & Kaya, 2014). sity and is the second largest subfamily in Chrysomelidae after Gal- Steppe vegetation areas in Central Anatolia including Kayseri province erucinae (Chaboo, 2007). are among the biodiversity hot spots still hiding numerous The subfamily Cassidinae contains about 3,000 species in the undescribed species. Part of them had been described in past years world belonging to 12 tribus and 157 genera (Bordy, 2009). The Cassi- (Coral S¸ahin & Özdikmen, 2019; Özdikmen, Bal, & Kıyak, 2016; dinae subfamily species have a widespread area around the world, as Özdikmen & Coral S¸ahin, 2017). The aim of this study is to describe a well as being more common, especially in tropical regions. They are new species from Kayseri province, and its description is given as rarely found in the warm places of North America and Australia. In the follows. Palearctic region where Turkey is also located, this subfamily is repre- sented by 22 genera and 282 species of four tribes. These are 26 spe- cies of three genera in the tribe Aspidimorphini Chapuis, 1875; 2 | MATERIAL AND METHODS 24 species of three genera in the tribe Basiprionotini Gressitt, 1952; 210 species of 15 genera in the Cassidini Gyllenhal, 1813; and 22 spe- The available specimens (two female specimens) of new species for cies of one genus in the Notosacanthini Hincks, 1952. In Turkey, tribe the present work were collected from Kayseri provinces in Turkey in Cassidini Gyllenhal, 1813, is represented with 51 species in six genera 2018. The specimens are deposited at Nazife Tuatay Plant Protection (Borowiec, 1999; Borowiec, 2007a; Ekiz, S¸en, Aslan, & Gök, 2013; Museum (NTM) (Turkey, Ankara). Özdikmen et al., 2014; Özdikmen & Bal, 2019; Özdikmen & The spermathecae were dissected from abdomen, remaining tissue Kaya, 2014; Sekerka, 2016; Sen & Gök, 2013). were removed with fine tweezers. After cleaning, the samples were To date, six species belonging to the Cassidinae subfamily are placed 70% ethanol for light microscopic examination. An Olympus known from Kayseri province. These are Cassida margaritacea Schaller, SZX7 stereomicroscope was used to view and photograph specimens. For scanning electron microscopy (SEM), cleaned samples were Review Editor: Alberto Diaspro dehydrated using an ascending series of ethanol (70%, 80%, 90%, and Microsc Res Tech. 2020;1–7. wileyonlinelibrary.com/journal/jemt © 2020 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. 1 2 ÖZDIKMEN ET AL. FIGURE 2 FIGURE 1 Spermatheca of Cassida alidagiense sp. nov. lateral Spermatheca of C.alidagiense sp. nov., lateral view in stereo microscope [Color figure can be viewed at view (SEM) wileyonlinelibrary.com] 100%) and then air-dried. After that the specimens were mounted onto SEM stubs using a double sided adhesive tape, coated with gold using a Polaron SC Sputter Coater, and examined with a JEOL JSM 6060 scanning electron microscope (SEM) at 10 kV. 3 | RESULTS AND DISCUSSION 3.1 | Cassida alidagiense sp. nov. Figures 1–16 show Cassida alidagiense sp. nov. FIGURE 3 Spermatheca of C.alidagiense sp. nov., cornu in lateral view (SEM) 3.1.1 | Type material holotype Female: Turkey, Kayseri province, Talas, Ali Mountain, 3840006”N 353305100E, 1348 m, 13.IV.2018, leg. D. Coral S¸ahin. The holotype is stored at Nazife Tuatay Plant Protection Museum (NTM) (Turkey, Ankara). 3.1.2 | Paratypes Female: Turkey, Kayseri province, Talas, Ali Mountain, 3840006”N 353305100E, 1348 m, 13.IV.2018, leg. D. Coral S¸ahin. The paratype is also stored at Nazife Tuatay Plant Protection Museum (NTM) (Turkey, Ankara). FIGURE 4 Spermatheca of C.alidagiense sp. nov., ultrastructural pits on apical part of cornu in lateral view (SEM) 4 | DESCRIPTION OF HOLOTYPE 4.1.1. | Length 4.1.2. | Body Length of body: 5.95 mm, width of body: 4.203, length of pronotum: Body is short, oval, and convex. Body is yellow except for the head 1.546 mm, width of pronotum: 3.318 mm, length/width of body ratio: and mesothorax. Thorax more or less infuscate. Abdominal ventrites 1.415, width/length of pronotum ratio: 2.15. are ochre-yellow. There is no pronounced pubescence in the body. ÖZDIKMEN ET AL. 3 FIGURE 5 Spermatheca of C. alidagiense sp. nov., nodulus, collum, FIGURE 8 Spermatheca of C. alidagiense sp. nov., ramus and basal ramus, and basal part of broken spermathecal gland and spermathecal part of broken spermathecal gland in lateral view (SEM) duct in lateral view (SEM) FIGURE 9 Spermatheca of C. alidagiense sp. nov. ultrastructural FIGURE 6 Spermatheca of C. alidagiense sp. nov., collum, ramus, pits on basal part of broken spermathecal gland in lateral view and basal part of broken spermathecal duct in lateral view (SEM) FIGURE 7 Spermatheca of C. alidagiense sp. nov., ultrastructural FIGURE 10 Spermatheca of C. alidagiense sp. nov., middle part of pits on collum in lateral view (SEM) vasculum in lateral view (SEM) 4.1.3. | Head convex. Clypeus 1.23 times as wide as its long, clypeal plate with sev- eral small punctures, surface distinctly microreticulate, and clypeal Head is black at most part. Eyes are large. Gena is underdeveloped. grooves are distinct, clearly visible on whole length, running along Clypeus black, broad, and slightly shiny. Clypeal plate is slightly margins of eyes in posterior part and quadrangularly, converging in an 4 ÖZDIKMEN ET AL. arch at apex. Labrum is comparatively dark brown. Labrum is deep Segment 2 and approximately 1.2 times as long as Segment 4, Seg- emarginated to 2/5 length. Mouth parts are yellowish. ments 9 and 10 almost square. 4.1.4. | Antennae 4.1.5. | Pronotum Antenna is slim and moderately elongate, and is ochre-yellow. Length Pronotum is uniformly yellowish. It narrows relatively toward apex and ratio of antennal segments: 311:167: 191:156: 158:117: 148:125: it is trapezoidal with maximum width at posterior angles. Pronotum on 162:160: 241 Segment 3 approximately 1.14 times as long as FIGURE 13 Holotype (female) of Cassida alidagiense sp. nov. FIGURE 11 Spermatheca of C. alidagiense sp. nov., ultrastructural head in ventral view [Color figure can be viewed at pits on vasculum in lateral view (SEM) wileyonlinelibrary.com] FIGURE 12 Holotype (female) of Cassida alidagiense sp. nov., (a). Dorsal, (b). Ventral, (c). Lateral, (d). Whole spermatheca in stereo microscope, (e). Vasculum part of spermatheca (SEM), F–H, Spermatheca in SEM [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] ÖZDIKMEN ET AL. 5 FIGURE 14 Claws of Cassida alidagiense sp. nov. A and B, Fore tarsal claw. (c), Mid-tarsal claw. D, Hind tarsal claw [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] FIGURE 15 Ventral view of (a) Cassida alidagiense sp. nov. (paratype), (b) Cassida brevis, and (c) Cassida bella [Color figure can be viewed at wileyonlinelibrary.com] both sides is laterally more or less rounded. Anterior margin softly sides regularly rounded, widest at mid-length. Elytral punctuation curved. Disk regular, moderately convex, sides and slope indistinctly arranged in regular rows, not coarse, and moderately dense. The dis- declining, indistinctly bordered from the marginalia, strongly punctate, tance between the punctures is 3x wider than puncture diameter. and shiny surface. Puncturation of pronotum mostly irregular and Marginal row is distinct, regular, and its punctures are as coarse as dense. Prosternal process is dark brown and in central part, prosternal those on sides of disk. Rows on whole length are impressed very shal- process is parallel sided. Prosternal collar short, moderately broad, in lowly in the anterior half and deeply on the slope. Intervals are dis- the middle slightly wider than length of trochanters. tinct, comparatively flat, and the first and second intervals are approximately the same and wider than others. In sutural half of disk, intervals 1, 2, and 3 are slightly wider than intervals 4 and 5. Whole 4.1.6. | Scutellum surface of the disk is smooth with only slight reticulation near suture and slightly shining. Whole surface of marginalia shallowly and Scutellum is yellow and triangular shaped. It is without sulci. densely punctate. 4.1.7. | Elytra 4.1.8. | Legs Elytra is uniformly yellow. Base of elytra is slightly wider than Legs are ochre-yellow. Joint parts of legs are dark brown. Tarsi are pronotum. Humeral angles are rounded, not protruding. Elytra on slim. Claws are apendiculate. 6 ÖZDIKMEN ET AL. 5 | DIFFERENTIAL DIAGNOSIS Cassida alidagiense sp. nov. is a member of the Group D according to Warchalowski (2010) characterized by claws with tooth-like widening at basis (Figure 14) and regular rows of punctures on elytra.