FY15 Specialty Crop Block Grant Program- Farm Bill North Dakota Department of Agriculture Final Performance Report USDA Agreement # 15-SCBGP-ND-0026 CONTACT: Deanna Gierszewski, Specialty Crop Grant Administrator 600 E Boulevard Ave #602 Bismarck, ND 58505-0020 Phone: (701) 328-2191 Email: [email protected] Submitted: November 16, 2018 Resubmitted: January 29, 2019 Table of Contents: 1. Enhancing the Safe Use of Specialty Fruit and Vegetable Crops from Field to Table .......3 2. Development of improved fungicide application strategies for managing Sclerotinia head rot in confection sunflowers...............................................................................................10 3. Pea and Lentil Market Analysis .........................................................................................14 4. Optimizing agronomic practices for faba bean production in North Dakota.....................17 5. Optimizing fungicide application strategies for improved management of Sclerotinia in dry edible beans .................................................................................................................21 6. Enhancing Tree Selection and Evaluating Tree Species in Western North Dakota ..........26 7. State-wide screening of green foxtail for herbicide resistance ..........................................32 8. Identification of Pathogen, Soil and Plant Factors Important to Root Rot Development in Field Pea.............................................................................................................................35 9. Northern Plains Vegetable Variety Testing II ...................................................................49 10. Defining Glyphosate and Dicamba Drift Injury Thresholds in Dry Beans, Field Peas, and Potatoes ..............................................................................................................................56 11. Improving management of Fusarium root rot of field peas by quantifying impacts of common herbicides ............................................................................................................65 12. Advancing Value Added North Dakota Export of Specialty Dry Bean by Bioactive Enrichment for Health........................................................................................................68 13. Assessing the Potential for Remote Sensing of Potato Virus Y in Potato Seed Fields .....83 14. Placing Value on Seasonal Fruits and Vegetables .............................................................93 15. Management of Potato Mop Top Tuber Necrosis Using Cultivars That Do Not Express the Disease .........................................................................................................................98 16. Host Preference and Phenology of Spotted Wing Drosophila .........................................102 1 17. Development of Super Confection Sunflower Effectively Resistant to Downy Mildew and Rust ...........................................................................................................................127 18. Development and evaluation of anti-spore treatments for improved management of American Foulbrood Disease in honeybees .....................................................................134 19. Rust-proofing dry edible beans for the Northern Great Plains via guided pre-breeding and breeding efforts ................................................................................................................139 20. Identification of Root-Resilience Traits in Dry Bean Genotypes for Increased Productivity ......................................................................................................................171 21. Effect of soybean cyst nematode on root disease of dry bean caused by fungi ...............175 22. Studies on Cold Acclimation of Winter Legumes ...........................................................182 23. Towards the Advancement of Genetic Resources for Dry Edible Bean Resistance to Common Bacterial Blight ................................................................................................187 24. Expanding local specialty crop opportunities in North Dakota through season extension using high tunnels ............................................................................................................198 25. Dry Bean Cultivars’ Response to Rhizobium Inoculation for Yield, Protein Content and Nitrogen Fixation Potential ..............................................................................................202 26. FUN: Using Fungi and No-till to Enhance Organic Vegetable Production in North Dakota ..........................................................................................................................................207 27. NDTO’s Specialty Crop Expansion Beyond Borders 2015 .............................................216 Project Title: Enhancing the Safe Use of Specialty Fruit and Vegetable Crops from Field to Table NOGA# 15-317 Final Report Partner Organization: Subgrantee Name and Address: North Dakota State University NDSU Dept. 7270, PO Box 6050 Fargo, ND 58108 Project Summary This project aimed to enhance the utilization, safety and consumption of North Dakota-grown specialty crops (fruits and vegetables) through education and training. This project also increased the capacity of NDSU Extension personnel to deliver statewide programming in the area of food safety and nutrition education that included locally grown specialty crops. It was not part of a previously funded project. The project addresses four key priorities of the North Dakota Department of Agriculture related to enhancing the competitiveness of specialty crops: 1) enhancing food safety, 2) assisting entities with developing Good Agricultural Practices; 3) increasing child and adult nutrition knowledge and consumption of specialty crops; and 4) developing local and regional food systems. Ensuring safe, nutritious food is critical not only for the consumer but also for the specialty crops industry as a whole. One foodborne illness outbreak could negatively impact the reputation of the entire food industry. This project continues to have potential outreach to a wide range of specialty crops in North Dakota, including apples, grapes, raspberries, strawberries, chickpeas, dry edible beans, onions, potatoes, pumpkins, leafy greens (spinach, leaf lettuce), snap beans, squash, sweet corn, tomatoes and others. This “field to table” project brought together a team including NDSU faculty/specialists in food science, nutrition, food safety, food law, horticulture, the network of Extension agents in at least 25 counties (nearly half the counties in North Dakota), with cooperation from state regulators and partners throughout North Dakota. This project promoted safe handling of fruits and vegetables among growers, small businesses, youth in 4-H clubs and classrooms and the end consumer, using both existing materials and materials developed during this project. The U.S. Dietary Guidelines for Americans (2015) placed special emphasis on consuming more fruits and vegetables (with vegetables also including dry edible beans and pulse crops). According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, about 14 percent of people meet the current recommendation for fruit and vegetable intake. Extension educators work with children and adults throughout North Dakota, including 4-H youth and children in hundreds of classrooms in schools, to teach them about current dietary recommendations in an engaging manner. The popularity of local foods represents a growing trend in North Dakota and throughout the U.S. as people want to “know their farmer” and “know their food.” Members of the project team have worked closely with both the ND Departments of Agriculture and Health for many years. For example, the number of farmers markets selling locally grown foods in North Dakota is growing. According to the North Dakota Department of Agriculture, in 2004, North Dakota had only five farmers markets. In 2013, 46 farmers markets were in operation in North Dakota. The objectives of the project were: • To develop a project advisory group including Extension faculty, research faculty, Extension agents in agriculture and family and consumer sciences, growers and regulators. • To increase awareness of existing Extension materials related to specialty crops (pulse education teaching kit, dry edible beans teaching kit, garden-to-table Extension publications, e.g. growing, preservation and use of grapes, berries, potatoes, tomatoes, etc.) through information releases, collaboration with stakeholders. • To develop food safety demonstration training kits (pH meter, dehydrator, and canning equipment) to be housed in 25 counties and available for workshops and check-out. • To create new educational materials related to specialty fruit and vegetable crops grown in North Dakota based on input from the advisory group, including online modules, fact sheets, information releases, Facebook posts and PowerPoint presentations. • To increase knowledge and capacity related to food safety training through “train-the- trainer workshops” offered for Extension personnel using the newly developed materials. • To offer face-to-face, webinar- and module-based training for growers and small food businesses related to food safety from field to table, including Good Agricultural Practices, FDA acidified foods/acidic food regulations and other topics of greatest need based on advisory group input.