Audiol. 2011;20(2):63-71. Research Article The effects of auditory selective attention on contralateral suppression of stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emissions Soheila Rostami1, Akram Pourbakht1, Mohammad Kamali2, Bahram Jalaee1 1- Department of Audiology, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran 2- Department of Rehabilitaion Management, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran on Tuesday, April 10, 2012 Received: 25 November 2010, accepted: 4 March 2011 Abstract Background and Aim: To date, the function of auditory efferent system remains unclear. There is evidence that medial olivocochlear bundle receives descending input from the cortex. In this study, the effect of auditory selective attention on stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emissions (SFOAE) was analyzed to investigate the modification of peripheral auditory system by auditory cortex activity in http://journals.tums.ac.ir/ frequency specific mode. Methods: Thirty-six normal hearing adult subjects with their age ranging from 18 to 30 years (mean age: 21.9 years) participated in this cross-sectional study. Contralateral suppression of stimulus- frequency otoacoustic emissions was recorded in the right ear at 2 KHz. In order to eliminate the auditory attention, subjects were instructed to read a text. Besides, in order to evaluate the effect of auditory attention on contralateral suppression, subjects were instructed to detect target tones in Downloaded from background noise at 1000, 2000, and 4000 KHz. Results: A significant increase at contralateral suppression of stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emissions was observed in auditory selective attention conditions (p>0.001). The largest magnitude of stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emissions suppression was seen at 2 KHz. Conclusion: The results of this study indicated that the activities of medial olivocochlear bundle enhanced by contralateral auditory selective attention increase the magnitude of stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emissions suppression. In fact, these results provided evidence for influence of auditory cortex on the peripheral auditory system via corticofugal pathways in a frequency specific way. Keywords: Contralateral suppression, stimulus-frequency otoacoustic emissions, auditory selective attention, auditory efferent pathways, auditory cortex, top-down processing Corresponding author: Department of Audiology, Faculty of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Nezam Alley, Shahid Shahnazari St., Madar Square, Mirdamad Blvd., Tehran, 15459-13487, Iran. 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