RIWAYAT AND DIRAYAH IN HADITH STUDIES: MUHAMMAD AMIM AL-IHSAN’S METHODOLOGY IN FIQH AL-SUNAN WA AL- ATHAR AS A CASE STUDY MUHAMMAD HOSAIN ACADEMY OF ISLAMIC STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR University2018 of Malaya i RIWAYAT AND DIRAYAH IN HADITH STUDIES: MUHAMMAD AMIM AL-IHSAN’S METHODOLOGY IN FIQH AL-SUNAN WA AL ATHAR AS A CASESTUDY MUHAMMAD HOSAIN DISSERTATION SUBMITTED IN FULILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE DEGREE OF MASTER OF USULUDDIN UniversityACADEMY OF ISLAMIC of STUDIES Malaya UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA KUALA LUMPUR 2018 UNIVERSITY OF MALAYA ORIGINAL LITERARY WORK DECLARATION Name of Candidate: MUHAMMAD HOSAIN Matric No: IGB130104 Name of Degree: Master of Usuluddin Title of Project Paper/Research Report/Dissertation/Thesis (“this Work”): RIWAYAT AND DIRAYAH IN HADITH STUDIES: MUHAMMAD AMIM AL-IHSAN’S METHODOLOGY IN FIQH AL-SUNAN WA AL-ATHAR AS A CASE STUDY Field of Study: Al-Hadith I do solemnly and sincerely declare that: (1) I am the sole author/writer of this Work; (2) This Work is original; (3) Any use of any work in which copyright exists was done by way of fair dealing and for permitted purposes and any excerpt or extract from, or reference to or reproduction of any copyright work has been disclosed expressly and sufficiently and the title of the Work and its authorship have been acknowledged in this Work; (4) I do not have any actual knowledge nor do I ought reasonably to know that the making of this work constitutes an infringement of any copyright work; (5) I hereby assign all and every rights in the copyright to this Work to the University of Malaya (“UM”), who henceforth shall be owner of the copyright in this Work and that any reproduction or use in any form or by any means whatsoever is prohibited without the written consent of UM having been first had and obtained; (6) I am fully aware that if in the course of making this Work I have infringed any copyright whether intentionally or otherwise, I may be subject to legal action or any other action as may be determined by UM. Candidate’s Signature Date: 09/11/2017 SubscribedUniversity and solemnly declared before, of Malaya Witness’s Signature Date: Name: Designation: RIWAYAT AND DIRAYAH IN HADITH STUDIES: MUHAMMAD AMIM AL-IHSAN’S METHODOLOGY IN FIQH AL-SUNAN WA AL-ATHAR AS A CASE STUDY ABSTRACT Identifying the method of writing is important to help the reader or researcher to understand what the author of a book presented in his or her writing. This methodology can offer a preliminary overview of the content of the book as well as to detect the author’s approach in his or her authorship. This research aimed to achieve several objectives, namely to highlight the biographical account of Muḥammad ‘Amīm al-Iḥsān as well as identifying his published and unpublished authorships, i.e books, edited books, commentary and manuscripts written by him. Similarly, the study also discussed his thought and academic contribution. The researcher also identified and meticulously analyzed Iḥsān’s exclusive dirāyah and riwāyah in his method of writing in his celebrated book of ḥadīth Fiqh al-Sunan wa al-Athār. In addition, the study showed his benefits and contribution to the development of the study of al-Ḥadīth in Bangladesh. In this study, the researcher had utilized two main research methods, i.e data collection and analysis. During data collection, the researcher had carried out library research and some interviews, with no questionnaires since the main attention of the study was on the texts. Meanwhile, in data analysis, the researcher had used the deductive and inductive methods. The findings of this work are especially helpful for local and international readers or researchers. This studyUniversity discovered much information about of Iḥsān’s missingMalaya books. In authoring this book, Iḥsān employed various methods. In the same manner, the study also discovered his contribution and benefits to the development of the Ḥadīth studies in Bangladesh. v RIWAYAT AND DIRAYAH IN HADITH STUDIES: MUHAMMAD AMIM AL-IHSAN’S METHODOLOGY IN FIQH AL-SUNAN WA AL-ATHAR AS A CASE STUDY ABSTRAK Mengenal pasti kaedah penulisan adalah penting untuk membantu pembaca atau penyelidik memahami apa yang penulis buku sampaikan dalam penulisannya. Metodologi ini boleh memberikan gambaran keseluruhan awal mengenai kandungan buku serta mengesan pendekatan penulis dalam penulisannya. Penyelidikan ini bertujuan untuk mencapai beberapa objektif, iaitu untuk mengetengahkan biografi Muhammad 'Amīm al-Ihsān serta mengenal pasti penulisannya sama ada yang diterbitkan ataupun yang tidak diterbitkan seperti buku-buku, syarahah-syarahan serta manuskrip tulisannya. Selain itu, kajian ini juga turut mengetengahkan sumbangan pemikiran dan akademiknya. Penyelidik juga telah mengenal pasti dan menganalisis secara teliti kaedah eksklusif riwāyat dan dirāyat kepada Ihsan dalam menulis buku ḥadis Fiqh al-Sunan wa al-Athār. Di samping itu, kajian ini menunjukkan pengaruh dan sumbangan beliau terhadap perkembangan dalam pengajian hadis di Bangladesh. Dalam kajian ini, penyelidik telah menggunakan dua kaedah penyelidikan utama, iaitu pengumpulan data dan analisis. Semasa pengumpulan data, penyelidik telah menjalankan penyelidikan perpustakaan dan beberapa wawancara, tanpa sebarang soal selidik kerana perhatian utama kajian adalah berkaitan teks. Sementara itu, dalam analisis data, penyelidik menggunakan kaedah deduktif dan induktif. Kajian ini juga bagi mendorong mereka yang berhasrat untuk menyerlahkan metodologi Ihsan dalam bukuUniversity-buku lain karangannya, sama ada dalamof bidang Malaya ini atau bidang lain. Dengan cara yang sama, kajian ini juga menemui sumbangan dan pengaruhnya terhadap pembangunan kajian Hadis di Bangladesh. vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS Every praise be to him, to Whom all praises are due. Blessing and peace be upon the compassionate Prophet SAW, and upon his Family, and his Companions and upon all his true Followers after him. First and foremost, my utmost gratitudes go to both of my supervisors, Dr. Abdollatif Ahmadi Ramchahi and Assoc. Prof. Dr. Faisal bin Ahmad Shah for their time, patience, ideas and guidelines throughout the writing process. Their availability for meetings in their offices allowed was very valuable time for me to finish this noble work. I am indeed indebted to the honourable head of the department, Dr. Monika @ Munira binti Abd Razzak, honourable director, Dato Dr. Mohd Yakub @ Zulkifli bin Mohd Yusoff, honourable deputy director of postgraduate studies, Assoc. Prof. Dr. Mohd Fauzi bin Hamat and honourable deputy director of research and development, Assoc. Prof. Dr Mohd Roslan bin Mohd Nor, for their advice and administrative assistance right from the very beginning of my study in this academy. I am obliged to give special thanks to the next of kin of Muḥammad Amīm al-Iḥsān. I am also grateful to Dr. Saiful Islam bin Rafiqul Islam for his help in understanding and analyzing the Arabic text and its discussion. My special thanks and dedication go to my Parents and beloved wife for their continued understanding and constantUniversity encouragement which contributed of to this presentMalaya work. vii TRANSLITERATION TABLE N ن Gh غ Sh ش kh خ ᾿ ء ه F ف ṣ ص D د B ب H و Q ق ḍ ض dh ذ T ت W ي K ك ṭ ط r ر Th ث Y L ل ẓ ظ z ز J ج M م ‘ ع s س ḥ ح Short Vowels Long Vowels ā آ، ى آ، a ـ ī ـ ī ي u ـ ū و University of Malaya viii TABLE OF CONTENTS ORIGINAL LITERARY WORK DECLARATION………………………………....iv ABSTRACT……………………………………………………………………………..v ABSTRAK………………………………………………………………………………vi ACKNOWLEDGMENTS……………………………………………………………..vii TRANSLITERATION TABLE………………………………………………………viii TABLE OF CONTENTS……………………………………………………………….ix CHAPTER I: INTRODUCTION……………………………………………………….1 1.1 Background of The Study…………………………………………………………...1 1.2 Statement Of The Problem………………………………………………………….3 1.3 Research Questions………………………………………………………………….4 1.4 Research Objectives…………………………………………………………………4 1.6 The Limitations Of The Study………………………………………………………5 1.7 Methodology Of Research…………………………………………………………..5 1.8 Literature Review……………………………………………………………………6 CHAPTER 2: BIOGRAPHY OF MUḤAMMAD ‘AMĪM AL-IḤSĀN…………….13 2.1University Introductio………………………………………………………………………….. of Malaya 13 2.2 His Background…………………………………………………………………….13 2.3 Social Life……………………………………………………………………………15 2.3.1 His Marriage………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..16 2.4 Education…………………………………………………………………………....16 2.4.1 Primary Education………………………………………………………………………………………………………..16 ix 2.4.2 Secondary and Higher Education……………………………………………………………………………………18 2.4.3 Achievement of Ijāza (Licence)……………………………………………………………………………………..20 2.5 His Teachers………………………………………………………………………….20 2.6 Spiritual Life…………………………………………………………………………22 2.7 His Death……………………………………………………………………………..23 2.8 His Philosophy and Thought………………………………………………………..24 2.9 Academic Contributions…………………………………………………………….31 2.9.1 Published Books……………………………………………………………………………………………………………32 2.9.2 Commentary and Books Edited (Unpublished)………………………………………………………….…..33 2.9.3 Unpublished Manuscript……………………………………………………………………………………….………33 2.9.4 Research………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….……34 2.9.5 Physically lost, but retrieved as a title only via tertiary sources………………………………….….35 2.9.6 Explanatory and Analytic………………………………………………………………………………………….…..35 2.10 Professional life…………………………………………………………………….36 2.10.1 Kolkata Based (1927-1947)…………………………………………………………………………………………36 2.10.2 Nakhoda Masjid-Madrasah and Dār al-Ifta’ (1934-1943)……………………………………………37 2.10.3 Alia Madrasah (1943-1947)………………………………………………………………………………………...38