GEOLOGIA E HIDROGEOLOGIA DEL VALLE CENTRAL DE COCHABAMBA GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY OF THE CENTRAL VALLEY OF COCHABAMBA CONVENIO ALEMAN BOLIVIANO DE AGUAS SUBTERRANEAS (CABAS) German Bolivian Agreement on Groundwater (CABAS) Sven Renner & Carlos Velasco GEOLOGIA E HIDROGEOLOGIA DEL VALLE CENTRAL DE COCHABAMBA GEOLOGY AND HYDROGEOLOGY OF THE CENTRAL VALLEY OF COCHABAMBA CONVENIO ALEMAN BOLIVIANO DE AGUAS SUBTERRANEAS (CABAS) German Bolivian Agreement on Groundwater (CABAS) I N D I C E / I N D E X Página, page INDICE DE FIGURAS / INDEX OF FIGURES............................................................................................. v INDICE DE MAPAS DETALLADOS / INDEX OF DETAILED MAPS.....................................................vii ABREVIACIONES / ABBREVIATIONS .....................................................................................................viii 1 INTRODUCCION ..................................................................................................................................... 1 1 INTRODUCTION ..................................................................................................................................... 1 2 ASPECTOS GENERALES DE LA CUENCA DEL VALLE CENTRAL DE COCHABAMBA............ 4 2 GENERAL ASPECTS OF THE BASIN OF THE COCHABAMBA CENTRAL VALLEY................... 4 2.1 Descripción del área........................................................................................................................... 5 2.1 Description of the area....................................................................................................................... 5 2.2 Clima.................................................................................................................................................. 8 2.2 Climate............................................................................................................................................... 8 2.2.1 Precipitaciones .................................................................................................................................. 9 2.2.1 Precipitation ...................................................................................................................................... 9 2.2.2 Temperatura............................................................................................................................. 11 2.2.2 Temperature............................................................................................................................. 11 2.2.3 Evapotranspiración potencial................................................................................................... 13 2.2.3 Potential evapotranspiration ................................................................................................... 13 2.3 Vegetación ....................................................................................................................................... 13 2.3 Vegetation........................................................................................................................................ 13 2.4 Ambiente hidrográfico..................................................................................................................... 13 2.4 Hydrographic environment .............................................................................................................. 13 2.5 Aguas superficiales .......................................................................................................................... 14 2.5 Surface waters.................................................................................................................................. 14 2.6 Población ......................................................................................................................................... 15 2.6 Population ........................................................................................................................................ 15 2.7 Demanda de agua potable ................................................................................................................ 15 i 2.7 Drinking water demand.................................................................................................................... 15 2.8 Abastecimiento de agua ................................................................................................................... 15 2.8 Water supply .................................................................................................................................... 15 3 GEOLOGIA............................................................................................................................................. 18 GEOLOGY .................................................................................................................................................... 18 3.1 Geomorfología ................................................................................................................................. 18 3.1 Geomorphology ............................................................................................................................... 18 3.2 Estratigrafía del Paleozoico hasta el Terciario; mapa geológico / Stratigraphy of the Paleozoic to the Tertiary; geological map ............................................................................................................ 20 3.2.1 Sistema ordovícico (O) ............................................................................................................ 21 3.2.1 Ordovician (O)......................................................................................................................... 21 3.2.2 Sistema silúrico (S).................................................................................................................. 22 3.2.2 Silurian (S)............................................................................................................................... 22 3.2.3 Sistema devónico (D)............................................................................................................... 24 3.2.3 Devonian (D) ........................................................................................................................... 24 3.2.4 Sistema pérmico (P)................................................................................................................. 25 3.2.4 Permian (P).............................................................................................................................. 25 3.2.5 Sistema cretácico (K)............................................................................................................... 25 3.2.5 Cretaceous (K)......................................................................................................................... 25 3.2.6 Sistema terciario (T) ................................................................................................................ 25 3.2.6 Tertiary (T) .............................................................................................................................. 25 3.3 El Cuaternario (Q) en el Valle Central............................................................................................. 26 3.3 The Quaternary (Q) in the Central Valley........................................................................................26 3.3.1 Sedimentos superficiales en el Valle de Cochabamba: mapeo sedimentológico..................... 27 3.3.1 Superficial sediments in the Valley of Cochabamba: sedimentological mappin. .................... 27 3.3.2 Sedimentos superficiales en la Cordillera de Cochabamba ..................................................... 31 3.3.2 Surface sediments in the Cordillera of Cochabamba ............................................................... 31 3.3.3 Edad de los sedimentos............................................................................................................ 34 3.3.3 Age of the sediments................................................................................................................. 34 3.3.4 Interpretación cronológica de la evolución del Valle Central desde el Plioceno..................... 35 3.3.4 Chronological interpretation of the evolution of the Central Valley since the Pliocene.......... 35 3.4 Geología estructural......................................................................................................................... 36 3.4 Structural geology............................................................................................................................ 36 4 Investigaciones geofísicas........................................................................................................................ 39 4 GEOPHYSICAL RESEARCH .................................................................................................................. 39 4.1 Introducción ..................................................................................................................................... 39 4.1 Introduction........................................................................................................................................ 39 4.2 Investigación geofísica por el PIRHC.............................................................................................. 40 4.2 Geophysical research by PIRHC.....................................................................................................