Annual Report for 2008

REPUBLIC OF CROATIA GENDER EQUALITY OMBUDSPERSON ANNUAL REPORT FOR 2008 Zagreb, March 2009 CONTENTS 0. INTRODUCTION.............................................................................................................................................................. 3 I. WORK INDICATORS FOR 2008 ................................................................................................................................... 5 1. STRUCTURE OF COMPLAINTS ........................................................................................................................... 7 2. STATISTICAL DATA .......................................................................................................................................... 7 3. STRUCTURE OF OTHER CASES ADDRESSED IN 2008.......................................................................................... 8 II. ANALYSIS BY THE WORK AREA ............................................................................................................................ 10 1. EMPLOYMENT AND LABOR............................................................................................................................. 10 1.1. COMPLAINTS SUBMITTED TO THE OMBUDSPERSON................................................................. 12 1.2. THE NATIONAL ACTION PLAN FOR EMPLOYMENT, FOR PERIOD 2005 - 2008., RESULTS OF THE MEASURES OF THE ANNUAL PLAN FOR STIMULATING EMPLOYMENT IN THE REPUBLIC OF CROATIA IN 2008. ............................................................................................................................... 25 1.2.1. RESULTS OF THE ANNUAL PLAN FOR THE EMPLOYMENT INCENTIVES IN 2008....................... 25 1.2.2. UNEMPLOYMENT - STATISTICS AND DEVELOPMENTS................................................................... 25 1.3. GENDER DISCRIMINATION IN JOB ADVERTISMENTS ................................................................. 26 1.4. STATUS OF WOMEN WITH FIXED-TERM CONTRACTS - SURVE Y . .............................................. 27 1.5. PANEL DISCUSSION "WOMEN AND POVERTY -JOB UNCERTAINTY AND UNEMPLOYMENT"34 1.6. RESEARCH OF THE USE OF THE EMPLOYMENT SUBSIDIES (FOR 2008) OF THE SPECIAL GROUPS OF THE UNEMPLOYED: WOMEN VICTIMS OF VIOLENCE ................................................ 34 1.7. POLICE ACADEMY............................................................................................................................. 39 2. FAMILY....................................................................................................................................................... 40 2.1. VIOLENCE IN FAMILY ....................................................................................................................... 40 2.2. POLICE STATISTICAL DATA ON DOMESTIC VIOLENCE .............................................................. 46 2.3. COMPLAINTS SUBMITTED TO THE OMBUDSPERSON................................................................. 49 2.4. THE NATIONAL STRATEGYOF PROTECTION AGAINST FAMILY VIOLENCE, 2008 - 2010....... 59 2.5. Rules of Procedure in Cases of Family Violence.................................................................................. 66 2.6. PSYCHOSOCIAL TREATMENT OF PERPETRATORS OF DOMESTIC VIOLENCE ....................... 75 3.1. PARENTAL CAR E . ............................................................................................................................... 78 3. SEXUAL AND GENDER MINORITIES IN 2008....................................................................................... 89 4. FIELD OF EDUCATION............................................................................................................................. 90 4.1. HIGH EDUCATIO N . ............................................................................................................................ 95 4.1.1. GENDER ANALYSIS OF STATE GRANTS TO REGULAR STUDENTS AT THE UNIVERSITY AND PROFESSIONAL STUDIES IN 2008. ................................................................................................................... 96 4.2. REVIEW OF GENDER DISCRIMINATION COMPLAINTS IN THE AREA OF EDUCATION........ 100 4.3. EDUCATION - OTHER...................................................................................................................... 103 5. MEDIA....................................................................................................................................................... 104 5.1. CASE DESCRIPTIONS ...................................................................................................................... 106 5.2. PROGRAM CONCEPTS .................................................................................................................... 110 5.3. ANALYSIS OF ARTICLES RELATED TO THE AREA OF GENDER EQUALITY. ........................... 113 5.4 GENDER ANALYSIS OF TV CONTENT............................................................................................. 122 5.4.1. GENDER ANALYSIS OF TV COMMERCIALS ..................................................................................... 133 <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">5.4.2. GENDER ANALYSIS OF TV SHOWS "GOOD MORNING CROATIA" AND "EVERYDAY" </li><li style="flex:1">148 </li></ul>6. WOMEN AND HEALTH .......................................................................................................................... 159 III. ACTIVITIES OF THE GENDER EQUALITY OMBUDSPERSON IN PROMOTION OF GENDER EQUALITY ........................................................................................................................................................................ 163 1. NATIONAL POLICY FOR THE PROMOTION OF GENDER EQUALITY FOR PERIOD 2006.-2010. 163 V. CONCLUDING COMMENTS .................................................................................................................................... 171 REPUBLIC OF CROATIA, GENDER EQUALITY OMBUDSPERSON – OFFICIAL REPORT FOR 2008 20. INTRODUCTION The Gender Equality Ombudsperson is founded by the Gender Equality Law on July 30, 2003 (The Official Gazette 116/03; hereinafter GEL), as one of the mechanisms for securing the implementation of GEL. On July, 15th 2008, on its 5th session, the Croatian Parliament passed a new Gender Equality Law (The Official Gazette 82/08) (hereinafter: GEL). GEL lays down a general framework of the protection and promotion of gender equality as the fundamental value of the constitutional order of the Republic of Croatia and defines and regulates the methods of protection from discrimination on grounds of sex as well as mechanisms for ensuring equal opportunities for both women and men. According to GEL, the Gender Equality Ombudsperson performs duties of an independent body for combating gender equality discrimination, monitoring the implementation of GEL and regulations concerning gender equality. Within his/hers competence, the Gender Equality Ombudsperson: 1. receives complaints by all the citizens and legal entities regarding gender equality discrimination, 2. assists the citizens and legal persons who filed complaints about gender discrimination in starting the judical procedure, 3. takes steps to investigate individual complaints prior to the legal proceedings, 4. with the consent of the parties involved, conducts a mediation process with a possibility of reaching an out-of-court settlement, 5. collects and analysis statistical data regarding cases of gender discrimination, 6. conducts independent researches on discrimination, publishes independent reports and exchanges available information with compatible European bodies. It is important to point out that, with the new GEL, the discrimination in the area of employment and labor has been explicitly forbidden in regards to pregnancy, parenthood and any form of custody. GEL also includes provisions concerning judicial protection and possibility of joint claims in discrimination cases. Apart from that, by the implementation of the special measures, an equal participation of women and men in the bodies of the legislative, executive and judical authority, including the public services, will be promoted, the inclusion of the under – represented sex will be gradually increased, so that its participation reaches the level of its share in the total population of the Republic of Croatia. According to GEL, the significant inbalance of one sex exists if the participation of one sex in the bodies of political and public decision-making is lower than 40%. With the purpose of the public informing, the office of the Gender Equality Ombudsperson has printed and distributed the Gender Equality Law, a leaflet with the fundamental as well as contact information regarding the juridiction and competence of the Gender Equality Ombudsperson. REPUBLIC OF CROATIA, GENDER EQUALITY OMBUDSPERSON – OFFICIAL REPORT FOR 2008 3 On July, 9th 2008, the Croatian Parliament passed the Anti-discrimination Act (The Official Gazette 85/08) with several articles addressing the competence and responsibilities of the Gender Equality Ombudsperson. The Anti-discrimination Act came will come into effect on January, 1st 2009. In accordance with Article 21 para. 1 of GEL article 18 of the Rules of Procedure of the Office of Gender Equality Ombudsperson (The Official Gazette 29/04), the Gender Equality Ombudsperson submits regular annual reports to the Croatian Parliament not later than March 31 of the current year. This is the sixth annual report submitted to the Croatian Parliament by the Gender Equality Ombudsperson during her mandate. In this Report for 2008, all the activities of the Gender Equality Ombudsperson’s office have been described in detail in accordance with the scope of authority of the Gender Equality Ombudsperson specified by GEL. REPUBLIC OF CROATIA, GENDER EQUALITY OMBUDSPERSON – OFFICIAL REPORT FOR 2008 42. WORK INDICATORS OF THE OFFICE OF THE GENDER EQUALITY OMBUDSPERSON IN 2008 The citizens contact the Office of the Gender Equality Ombudsperson by written complaints, phone calls or come to the office personally. Case files are opened at the initiative of the complainant, other citizens and legal entities (state bodies and agencies, non-governmental organizations, gender equality committees/commissions, other institutions or individuals) or on the initiative of the Gender Equality Ombudsperson. Complaints include the violation of the gender equality principles, gender discrimination, marital or family status and sex orientation. Other files opened by the Gender Equality Ombudsperson are connected to the monitoring of the implementation of the Gender Equality Law. There are around 30 phone calls a week, for which the case files are not opened and the data is not included in statistical survey. During 2008, a total of 1009 cases have been acted upon: a) 937 cases opened in 2008 b) 72 cases from previous years. These 1009 cases include: - 319 cases based on citizens' complaints, out of which 1288 were new cases (opened in 2008) and 31 case was from previous years; - 24 new cases from 2008, opened at the initiative of the Gender Equality Ombudsperson concerning the violations of gender equality principles or the individual gender based discrimination. - 666 cases, including 625 new cases from 2008, opened at the initiative of the Gender Equality Ombudsperson for the monitoring of the implementation of the Gender Equality Law and based on the reports of other institutions, organizations and legal entities, 41 of which from previous years, respectively. In 312 new cases1, complainants were: - female 195 (62,5 %); - male 42 (13,5 %); - women's groups 33 (10,6 %); - mixed groups 29 (9,3 %) - group of men 2 (0,6 %); - other cases, sex undetermined 11 (3,5 %). 1The analysis refers to the cases from 2008, for 288 new ones based on citizen complaints and 24 opened on the Gender Equality Ombudsperson initiative. REPUBLIC OF CROATIA, GENDER EQUALITY OMBUDSPERSON – OFFICIAL REPORT FOR 2008 5 Graph 1. Affected persons by sex: Oštećene osobe po spolu 100,0% 50,0% S1 0,0% <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">Ž</li><li style="flex:1">Grupa Ž </li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">M</li><li style="flex:1">Grupa M Grupa </li><li style="flex:1">Ostali </li></ul>Ž/M Nizovi1 After acting on complaints, the Gender Equality Ombudsperson has issued 34 written warnings, 39 recommendations and 37 suggestions, sum total being less than in 2007 as a result of the improved work by the police as well as the centers for social welfare. Table 1 displays 937 newly opened cases in 2008, addressed by the Gender Equality Ombudsperson by areas of activity Table 1. Structure of 937 newly opened cases in 2008 according to areas of activity Number cases of Areas of activity in 2008. 1. Employment and work 2. Job advertising 105 443 3. Parental care, violence in the family and other cases 155 of violence <ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">4. Education </li><li style="flex:1">7</li></ul><ul style="display: flex;"><li style="flex:1">5. Media </li><li style="flex:1">57 </li></ul>107 29 34 937 6. State bodies, legal entities with public authority 7. Civil society 8. Statistics TOTAL: During 2008, 975 cases have been resolved and closed, while 34 unresolved ones were carried into 2009 (relating to citizens' complaints). REPUBLIC OF CROATIA, GENDER EQUALITY OMBUDSPERSON – OFFICIAL REPORT FOR 2008 61. STRUCTURE OF COMPLAINTS The data refer to 288 new complaints recieved by the citizens in 2008, which is a 7,5% increase from 2007. In the 288 the initiative for the procedure was started by: - injured parties: women in 159 cases (55,2%), men in 41 case (14,2%); - others in the name of the injured parties in 88 cases (30,6%) as follows: state bodies and other institutions in 33 cases (11,5%), NGOs in 23 cases (8%), individuals in 28 cases (9,7%), others in 4 cases (1,4%). Injured parties according to qualifications: NK (low-skilled workers) - 7,2 %; PK (semiskilled workers) - 7,2 %; KV (skilled workers) - 11,1%; SSS (secondary education) - 45,7%; VKV (highly skilled workers) -0,5%; VŠS (college or any form of shorter higher education) - 7,2%; VSS (university degree) - 18,7%; MA - 0,5% and doctorate - 1,9%. Injured parties according to marital status: single - 11,4%; married - 53,2%; common law community - 3,5%; widow/er - 3,5%; same-sex community - 0,5%; divorced - 22,9%; member of the broken same-sex community - 2,0%; member of the broken common-law community 3,0%. Injured parties according to the age group: 18-24 y - 4,0%; 25-34 y - 23,6%; 35-44 y - 36,2%; 45-54 y - 23,0%; 55-64 y - 10,9%; 65 and older - 2,3%. As in the previous years, individuals from all parts of Croatia complained or sought help from the Ombudsperson, mostly from the City of Zagreb, from Splitsko-dalmatinska County, Primorsko-goranska County and Zagreb County. 2. STATISTICAL DATA The data have been collected and analysed based on: gender discrimination, marital or family status and sex orientation. The basis for discrimination:  sex 274 (95,1%);  other 14 (4,9 %) Compared to 2007, the number of complaints for gender discrimination has been increased and the number of complaints based on sexual orientation, marital and family status has decreased. The complaints related to:  domestic violence - 29,5%;  parental care - 12,5%;  harassment and sexual harassment - 19,6 %;  other - 38,4%. REPUBLIC OF CROATIA, GENDER EQUALITY OMBUDSPERSON – OFFICIAL REPORT FOR 2008 7Discrimination in the sphere of employment and work In particular cases relating to employment and work, the form of discrimination was:  harassment - 29,1%;  sexual harassment - 19,4%;  infringement of motherhood rights protection - 7,8% i  other - 43,7%. Complainants were: workers - 59,4%; officials - 20,8%; other employed persons - 5,9% i unemployed persons - 13,9 %. Complaints in the sphere of employment and work by the activity:  public administration and defense; mandatory social security - 19,8%;  health care and social welfare - 16,8%;  wholesale and retail trade; motor vehicles, motorbikes and objects for personal or household use repair - 9,9%;  education - 9,9%;  other social and personal service activities - 8,0%;  transport, storage, communications - 5,9%;  processing industry - 5,9%;  construction industry - 4,0%;  financial intermediation - 4,0%;  agriculture, hunting, forestry - 3,0%;  electricita, gas and water provision 2,0%;  mining and extraction 1,0%;  hotels and restaurants 1,0%;  real estate dealings, renting and bussiness services - 1,0%  unknown - 7,8%. 3. STRUCTURE OF OTHER CASES ADDRESSED IN 2008 From 666 cases without citizens' complaint: - in 443 cases initiated by the Gender Equality Ombudsperson (implementation of the GEL in the sphere of employment) the Gender Equality Ombudsperson sent the same number of warnings (Art.12 Para.2 GEL): The Gender Equality Ombudsperson, acting upon the individual complaints and personal initiative2, was present on all levels of state administration as well as local (regional) government, including other legal entities and media, as seen in graph 3. 2 This is about above mentioned 443 cases initiated by the Gender Equality Ombudsperson (monitoring of implementation of the GEL in the sphere of employment) REPUBLIC OF CROATIA, GENDER EQUALITY OMBUDSPERSON – OFFICIAL REPORT FOR 2008 8 Graph 3. 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Annual Report for 2008

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