ENDNOTES 1Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, Economic Information, www.autoalliance.org. 2U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Automotive Affairs, “The U.S. Auto Industry in Context,” www.ita.doc.gov/td/auto/auto-ind2.html. 3Fulton, George A., McAlinden, Sean P., Grimes, Donald R., Schmidt, Lucie G., and Richardson, Barbara C. Contribution of the Automotive Industry to the U.S. Economy in 1998: The Nation and Its Fifty States. Ann Arbor, MI: The University of Michigan Institute of Labor and Industrial Relations, the University of Michigan Transportation Research Institute, Office for the Study of Automotive Transportation, and the Center for Automotive Research, Winter 2001. 4The 16-member states in The Council of State Governments’ Southern Legislative Conference comprise Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Georgia, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, North Carolina, Oklahoma, South Carolina, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia and West Virginia. 5“Breaking New Ground,” Business Alabama, February 2003. 6“The Economic Impact of BMW on South Carolina,” Darla Moore School of Business, University of South Carolina, May 2002. 7“BMW has Plans to Enlarge Plant,” The North Carolina News and Observer, September 27, 2002. 8“Automobile Production in Kentucky,” Cabinet for Economic Development, www.thinkkentucky.com. 9“Motor Vehicle-Related Facilities,” Division of Research, Cabinet for Economic Development, February 27, 2003, www.thinkkentucky.com. 10Information related to the Nissan plant is based on “Experts Say Economic Impact Will Be Astronomical,” The Mississippi Clarion-Ledger, March 1, 2003; “Lott Urges Preparedness in Luring 2nd Car Plant,” The Mississippi Clarion-Ledger, July 22, 2003; and “The Economic Impact of Nissan in Mississippi,” Executive Summary, Mississippi Development Authority. 11“Toyota Can Trace its Plant in Texas to Cowboys Game,” The Dallas Morning News, February 11, 2003 and “Benefits of Toyota Plant May Ripple Across Texas,” The Dallas Morning News, February 6, 2003. 12Fulton, George A., et al, Contribution of the Automotive Industry to the U.S. Economy in 1998 . 13McAlinden, Sean P. et al, Economic Contribution of the Automotive Industry to the U.S. Economy – An Update, A Study Prepared for the Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, Fall 2003. 14Contribution of the Automotive Industry to the U.S. Economy in 1998 . 15Ibid. 16“Industry Group 371: Motor Vehicles and Motor Vehicle Equipment,” Occupational Safety & Health Administration, U.S. Department of Labor, www.osha.gov/cgi- bin/sic/sicser. 17“Hwashin to Build Plant in Greenville,” Developing Alabama, Alabama Development Office, Spring 2003, page 1. 18“Supplier to Build Plant in Tuscaloosa,” Developing Alabama, Alabama Development Office, Winter 2003, page 3. 19“Auto Parts Plant to be Built in Tenn.,” The Tennessean, April 9, 2003. The Drive to Move South, page 138 The Drive to Move South, page 139 20“What is a cluster?” www.photonicsclusters.org/whatisacluster.html. 21Haag, James, J. “Automobile Manufacturing Cluster in North Carolina: Past, Present and Future,” North Carolina Department of Commerce, Division of Policy, Research and Strategic Planning. 22Haag, James, J. Email correspondence with Sujit CanagaRetna, March 18, 2003. 23Haag, James, J. “Automobile Manufacturing . .. 24“Japanese Renew Interest in N.C.,” The North Carolina News & Observer, February 6, 2003. 25“Toyota to Build Lexus Engines Here,” The Charleston [West Virginia] Gazette, January 26, 2001. 26“Automakers Drive U.S. Economy on Many Different Levels, New Study Shows,” Alliance of Automobile Manufacturers, Media Release, September 24, 2003. Information related to the expansive reach of the automobile industry is extracted from this source. 27“Contribution of the Automotive Industry to the U.S. Economy in 1998 . 28For an expanded discussion of globalization and what it is all about, see CanagaRetna, Sujit M., Forging New Trade Relationships: Latin America and the Southern Legislative Conference States, Special Series Report, The Council of State Governments, Southern Legislative Conference, July 2001. 29Friedman, Thomas. The Lexus and the Olive Tree, 1999. 30Greenspan, Alan. Testimony on “Trade Policy” before the U.S. Senate Committee on Finance, April 4, 2001. 31This section draws on “The Auto Industry: How North America is Becoming the Center for Global Manufacturing,” Area Development, September 2002. Also see, “Foreign Automakers Unleash A New Wave of Luxury,” The New York Times, September 27, 2003. 32Duncan, William, Director, Japan Automobile Manufacturers Alliance quoted in “The Auto Industry: How North America . “. 33Information related to the early years of the auto industry and its international flavor are extracted from “The Contribution of the International Auto Sector to the U.S. Economy,” University of Michigan, Transportation Research Institute, March 1998. 34De Koker, Neil. “Driving to the New Business Model,” Presentation for the Global Automotive Conference 2003, Western Kentucky University’s Office of Global Business, Bowling Green, Kentucky, April 8, 2003. 35“2002 Trade Policy Agenda,” Office of the U.S. Trade Representative. 36“The Contribution of the International Auto Sector . 37“Driving America’s Economic Engine,” Showroom, American International Automobile Dealers Association, April 2002, Volume 19, No. 3. 38Klier and Johnson, “Effect of Plant Openings on Net Migration in the Auto Corridor, 1980-97, Economic Perspectives, Federal Reserve Bank of Chicago, Fourth Quarter, 2000. 39“The Southeastern Auto Industry: Moving into the Fast Lane,” Econ South, Federal Reserve Bank of Atlanta, Volume 3, Number 2, Second Quarter 2001. 40Information related to the latest (2003) Harbour and Associates study is extracted from “New Benchmarks Established in the Harbour Report 2003 Measures,” News Release, Harbour and Associates, June 18, 2003; “Smyrna Plant Most Efficient in America,” The Mississippi Clarion-Ledger, June 19, 2003; “U.S. The Drive to Move South, page 138 The Drive to Move South, page 139 Automakers Improve Efficiency, but Some Troubling figures Remain,” The New York Times, June 19, 2003. 41Information regarding Nissan’s employment situation is extracted from “Mississippi Nissan Plant Attracts 61,000 Job Seekers,” The Atlanta Journal Constitution, February 7, 2003. 42“Nissan’s Hunt for Workers Finished,” The Mississippi Clarion-Ledger, April 21, 2003. 43Canup, Dr. Buzz, “A Magnet for High-Tech Growth,” Southern Technology Sites, Spring 2002. 44Ibid. 45“Hyundai Motor America Celebrates the Grand Opening of its First Baltimore Port Processing Facility,” Press Release, Maryland Ports Administration, May 21, 2002. 46“The Port of Baltimore’s Cargo,” Maryland Ports Administration, www.mpa.state.md.us. 47“Baltimore Becomes First U.S. Port to Receive Hondas Manufactured in the U.K.,” Press Release, Maryland Ports Administration, January 29, 2002. 48“Ford Focuses its Export Auto Business at the Port of Baltimore,” Press Release, Maryland Ports Administration, February 5, 2002. 49“Hyundai Motor America Celebrates the Grand Opening of its First Baltimore Port Processing Facility,” Press Release, Maryland Ports Administration, May 21, 2002. 50“Mercedes Signs Long Lease with Port,” The Baltimore Sun, April 15, 2003. 51“Port of Brunswick Surpasses 200,000 Autos in Record Time,” Press Release, Georgia Ports Authority, March 23, 2003. 52“BMW Rolls in Colonel’s Island: One of the Nation’s Fastest Growing Autoports,” Georgia Ports Authority, Media Release, Volume 43, No.1, July 30, 2003. 53“The Economic Impact of BMW on South Carolina”. 54Information received from Byron Miller, Information Officer, South Carolina State Ports Authority on April 14, 2003. 55“Eisenmann Shipping Equipment for Mercedes Expansion Through Alabama State Docks,” Alabama State Port Authority, News Release, December 22, 2003. 56U.S. Department of Commerce, Office of Automotive Affairs, “The Road Ahead for the U.S. Auto Industry,” April 2002. 57“Driving Downhill,” The Economist, January 3, 2003. 58“Chrysler Group Reports U.S. December Sales,” News Release, DaimlerChrysler Corporation, January 3, 2003. 59“Chrysler Group Reports U.S. October Sales Increase of 11 Percent,” News Release, DaimlerChrysler Corporation, November 3, 2003. 60“GM Reports Best December Sales Since 1979,” News Release, General Motors Corporation, January 3, 2003. 61“GM Reports October Sales of 363,043, Down 7 Percent,” News Release, General Motors Corporation, November 3, 2003. 62“Ford Motor Company’s December U.S. Sales Climb 8.2 Percent,” Media Release, Ford Motor Company, January 3, 2003. 63“Monthly U.S. Sales,” Media Release, Ford Motor Company, November 3, 2003. The Drive to Move South, page 140 The Drive to Move South, page 141 64“Honda’s Profits Higher in Quarter, Year,” The New York Times, April 25, 2003. 65“Hyundai Predicts a Tripling on Sales in the U.S. by 2010,” The New York Times, September 21, 2002. 66“Hyundai Profit Soars, Outpaces Big 3 Rivals,” USA Today, August 8, 2003. 67“Nissan Declares It’s Debt-Free,” The Mississippi Clarion-Ledger, April 24, 2003. 68“Driving Downhill,” . 69Ibid. 70“Making the Same Old Car Won’t Boost the Bottom Line,” The Tennessean, April 9, 2003. 71Ibid. 72“Auto Industry Promises More Incentives,” The Mississippi Clarion-Ledger, January 2, 2003. 73U.S. Automakers Improve Efficiency, but Some Troubling figures Remain,” The New York Times, June 19, 2003. 74Ibid. 75“Auto Sales Are Down. Punish the Parts Makers,” The New York Times, March 16, 2003. 76Information related to Alabama’s automobile