White paper Digital Video File Recommendation Version of July 2015 edited by Whitepaper 1 DIGITAL VIDEO FILE RECOMMENDATIONS ............................ 4 1.1 Preamble .........................................................................................................................4 1.2 Scope ...............................................................................................................................5 1.3 File Formats ....................................................................................................................5 1.4 Codecs ............................................................................................................................5 1.4.1 Browsing .................................................................................................... 5 1.4.2 Acquisition ................................................................................................. 6 1.4.3 Programme Contribution ........................................................................... 7 1.4.4 Postproduction .......................................................................................... 7 1.4.5 Broadcast ................................................................................................... 7 1.4.6 News & Magazines & Sports ..................................................................... 8 1.4.7 High Definition ........................................................................................... 8 1.5 General Requirements ..................................................................................................9 1.6 Production And Editing Requirements........................................................................9 1.7 Video Format ................................................................................................................10 1.7.1 Standard Definition .................................................................................. 10 1.7.2 High definition .......................................................................................... 10 1.8 Digital Video Signal .....................................................................................................11 1.8.1 Standard Definition .................................................................................. 11 1.8.2 High Definition ......................................................................................... 12 1.8.2.1 Video Signal Is Component Digital (4:2:2) ........................................................12 1.8.2.2 Start of Program .................................................................................................13 1.8.3 Ultra High Definition (High Efficiency Video Coding – HEVC) .............. 13 1.8.4 Digital Audio Recording Levels .............................................................. 13 1.8.5 Additional Specifications ........................................................................ 16 2 MXF – File Recommendation.............................................................. 17 2.1 Introduction ...................................................................................................................17 2.2 MXF Metadata ..............................................................................................................17 2.2.1 Structural and Descriptive Metadata ...................................................... 17 2.2.2 Structural Metadata .................................................................................. 17 2.2.2.1 Partitions ............................................................................................................17 2.2.2.2 Operational Pattern ............................................................................................19 2.2.2.3 Header Metadata ................................................................................................20 2.2.2.4 Index Tables ........................................................................................................21 2.2.2.5 Essence Container ..............................................................................................21 2.2.3 Descriptive Metadata ............................................................................... 23 2.2.3.1 Metadata Tracks .................................................................................................23 2.2.3.2 Production Framework.......................................................................................25 2.2.3.3 Clip Framework ..................................................................................................26 2.2.3.4 Scene Framework ...............................................................................................27 2.2.3.5 Other Metadata ..................................................................................................27 2.2.3.6 Data Tracks ........................................................................................................28 2.3 Operational Patterns ...................................................................................................29 2.3.1 Op1a And OpAtom ................................................................................... 29 2.3.1.1 Op1a ...................................................................................................................29 2.3.1.2 Atomic Op1a .......................................................................................................30 2.3.1.3 OpAtom ...............................................................................................................31 2.3.1.4 OpAtom vs. Op1a ................................................................................................33 2.3.2 External References On Atomic MXF files. ............................................ 34 2.3.2.1 Op1a (embedded material) .................................................................................34 White Paper RTL Group/Standard Recommendations/Draft January 2007 Page 2 of 56 Whitepaper 2.3.2.2 Op1b (external material) ....................................................................................35 2.3.2.3 OpAtom1b ...........................................................................................................36 2.3.2.4 Resolving External References ...........................................................................37 2.3.3 Uses Of Op1b-3c Operational Patterns .................................................. 38 2.3.3.1 Op1b ...................................................................................................................38 2.3.3.2 Op1c ...................................................................................................................39 2.3.3.3 Op2b ...................................................................................................................40 2.3.3.4 Op2c ...................................................................................................................40 2.3.3.5 Op3b ...................................................................................................................41 2.3.3.6 Op3c ...................................................................................................................42 2.4 Interoperability And Metadata Exchange In Production Workflow .......................43 2.5 Recommendations On Metadata Usage ..................................................................45 3 HEVC (Codec for H.265) ..................................................................... 47 4 Audio Standards ................................................................................... 48 4.1 Format PCM: AES 1/2 .................................................................................................48 4.1.1 Mono ......................................................................................................... 49 4.1.2 Stereo........................................................................................................ 49 4.2 Dolby Surround ............................................................................................................50 4.2.1 Format Dolby-E : AES 3/4 (and AES1/2 On Special Request) ............... 50 4.2.2 Procedures For Measuring Dolby-E........................................................ 51 4.3 Organization Of The Content .....................................................................................51 4.3.1 AUDIO AES 1/2 ......................................................................................... 52 4.3.1.1 From A PCM Stream ..........................................................................................52 4.3.1.2 For A Dolby E Stream ........................................................................................53 4.3.2 AUDIO AES 3/4 ......................................................................................... 55 4.3.2.1 For The Dolby-E Stream ....................................................................................55 White Paper RTL Group/Standard Recommendations/Draft January 2007 Page 3 of 56 Whitepaper 1 DIGITAL VIDEO FILE RECOMMENDATIONS 1.1 Preamble This paper aims to simplify and integrate workflows across production and broadcast departments of RTL Group stations but also for contribution and distribution purposes with external partners. This paper is considered as a useful recommendation for any station that might want to use it. A first major corner stone will be to define specifications for digital