BANDON TOWN WALL CONSERVATION, MANAGEMENT & INTERPRETATION PLAN TABLE OF CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGMENTS ...................................................................................................................................... 9 1. INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................................................... 9 BACKGROUND TO THE PROJECT ......................................................................................................................... 9 SITE LOCATION ..................................................................................................................................................... 10 STATUTORY CONTEXT AND DESIGNATIONS ................................................................................................................. 10 METHODOLOGY .................................................................................................................................................... 15 LIMITATIONS ........................................................................................................................................................ 16 2. SITE HISTORY AND ARCHAEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL ................................................................................ 18 HISTORY ........................................................................................................................................................... 18 ARCHAEOLOGICAL POTENTIAL ......................................................................................................................... 29 3. PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION AND SURVEY OF THE TOWN WALLS ................................................................. 44 SECTION 1: WEST WALL BETWEEN RIVER BANDON AND MCSWEENEY QUAY ................................................................... 46 SECTION 2: WALL TO REAR OF GARDA STATION AND CAULFIELD SHOPPING CENTRE ........................................................... 47 SECTION 3 – SITE OF TOWN WALL WITHIN CAULFIELD SHOPPING CENTRE ......................................................................... 52 SECTION 4 – VACANT SITE SOUTH OF CAULFIELD SHOPPING CENTRE TO BALLYMODAN PLACE .............................................. 52 SECTION 5 - SOUTH-WEST CORNER OF TOWN WALL, WITHIN AND AROUND ST PETER’S GRAVE YARD ...................................... 53 SECTION 6 – FROM EASTERN SIDE OF ST PETER’S GRAVEYARD TO THE EAST END OF CHURCH STREET ..................................... 57 SECTION 7 – FROM EAST END OF CHURCH STREET TO WEST SIDE OF PUBLIC CAR PARK (SECTION 8) ....................................... 57 SECTION 8 – WALL TO NORTH OF PUBLIC CAR PARK (NW OF CATHOLIC CHURCH) .............................................................. 58 SECTION 9 – SOUTHERN LINE OF TOWN WALL FROM WEST END OF SECTION 8 ALONG PUBLIC PATH AS FAR AS ST PATRICK’S HILL.60 SECTION 10 – WALL AT EAST SIDE OF ST PATRICK’S HILL AND TO REAR OF PROPERTIES ON SAME .......................................... 62 SECTION 11 – EAST SIDE OF TOWN FROM BRIDEWELL RIVER TO BANK PLACE .................................................................... 65 SECTION 12 – BANK PLACE ..................................................................................................................................... 65 SECTION 13 – NORTH-EAST CORNER OF TOWN WALL FROM NORTH SIDE OF BANK PLACE TO EASTERN BOUNDARY WALL OF CHRIST CHURCH GRAVEYARD ............................................................................................................................................. 65 SECTION 14 – NORTH BOUNDARY WALL OF CHRIST CHURCH GRAVEYARD ......................................................................... 66 SECTION 15 – EASTERN SIDE OF TOWN WALL FROM WEST END OF CHRIST CHURCH GRAVEYARD ........................................... 69 SECTION 16 – WALL FORMING BOUNDARY BETWEEN GARDENS ON KILBROGAN HILL .......................................................... 69 SECTION 17 – FROM EAST SIDE OF KILBROGAN HILL TO EMMET ROW ............................................................................. 70 SECTION 18 – EMMET ROW .................................................................................................................................... 70 SECTION 19 – NORTH AND WEST BOUNDARY WALL OF OLD BARRACKS (ALLEN SQUARE) ..................................................... 70 SECTION 20 – WESTERN LINE OF TOWN WALL, SOUTH OF BARRACKS ............................................................................... 71 SECTION 21 – WESTERN LINE OF TOWN WALL SOUTH OF SECTION 20 ............................................................................. 71 SECTION 22 – WESTERN LINE OF TOWN WALL AS FAR AS RIVER BANDON ......................................................................... 71 4. CONDITION ASSESSMENT OF TOWN WALLS .......................................................................................... 72 OVERVIEW ........................................................................................................................................................... 72 ISSUES AFFECTING BANDON TOWN WALLS ................................................................................................................ 72 PHYSICAL CONDITION OF SECTIONS OF WALL .............................................................................................................. 74 5. ASSESSMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE ............................................................................................................. 86 ASSESSMENT ........................................................................................................................................................ 86 ASSESSMENT OF VULNERABILITIES ............................................................................................................................ 87 2 6. OPPORTUNITIES AND CONSTRAINTS ..................................................................................................... 89 CONSTRAINTS ....................................................................................................................................................... 89 RELEVANT GUIDING HERITAGE PRINCIPLES ................................................................................................................. 90 STATUTORY COMPLIANCE AND PLANNING CONTEXT ..................................................................................................... 90 7. CONSERVATION POLICIES AND ACTIONS ............................................................................................... 92 POLICY AIMS ...................................................................................................................................................... 92 GENERAL POLICIES ............................................................................................................................................. 92 CONSERVATION, MAINTENANCE AND REPAIR OF THE STANDING STRUCTURAL REMAINS (POLICY 2) ..................... 93 RECOMMENDED CONSERVATION ACTIONS ........................................................................................................... 94 ARCHAEOLOGICAL MANAGEMENT POLICIES................................................................................................................ 95 8. APPLICATION OF INTERPRETATION ....................................................................................................... 97 INTERPRETATION AS A CONSERVATION PROCESS .......................................................................................................... 97 PRINCIPLES OF INTERPRETATION ............................................................................................................................... 97 BANDON TOWN WALLS – WHY INTERPRET? .............................................................................................................. 98 AUDIENCE ............................................................................................................................................................ 99 9. HISTORIC THEMES FOR INTERPRETING THE TOWN WALLS .................................................................. 102 10. BANDON TOWN WALLS – EXISTING SITUATION .............................................................................. 103 PRE-ARRIVAL INFORMATION ................................................................................................................................. 103 ARRIVAL, ACCESS AND EXISTING INTERPRETATION ..................................................................................................... 103 SUMMARY ......................................................................................................................................................... 105 TARGET MARKET AND POTENTIAL VISITATION........................................................................................................... 106 11. INTERPRETATION OBJECTIVES AND ACTIONS .................................................................................. 108 INTERPRETATION OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................................. 108 INTERPRETATION ACTIONS .................................................................................................................................... 108 CIRCULATION AND INTERPRETATION .......................................................................................................................