2 MEMOIRS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON, No. 20 This work is dedicated to Dr. Byron Alexander with appreciation for his inspiring talent and dedication PUBLICATIONS COMMITTEE to teaching, research, and scientific illustration. of THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON 1998 Thomas J. Henry Wayne N. Mathis Gary L. Miller, Book Review Editor David R. Smith, Editor Printed by Allen Press, Inc. Lawrence, Kansas 66044 Date issued: 5 March 1998 MEMOIRS OF THE ENTOMOLOGICAL SOCIETY OF WASHINGTON, No. 20 LINGAFELTER: GENERA OF ELAPHIDIINI TABLE OF CONTENTS Micranejus . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. .. .. , Micranoplium . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. .. .. .. .. , Micropsy rassa .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. .. .. , Abstract .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Miltesthus .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. .. .. , Introduction .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ,. Minipsyrassa . .. .. .. .. .. ,. .. .. .. Taxonomic History . .. .. -. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . Miopteryx .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. .. , . , . Disuibution and Diversity . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ,. .. ... MorphaneJlus . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Special Problems Associated with Monotypic Taxa .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. , . ..,.. Neaneflus .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. .. .. .. .. Biology and Natural History .. .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. .. ... .. ... ... ..... .. ... .. .... .. ... .. .. .. .. .. ... Neomallocera .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ,. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. Materials and Methods ... ...... .. .. ....... .. .. .. ... ... .. .. .. ... .. .. ... .. ... ... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Neoperiboeum .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. Cladistic methods .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nephaliodes . .. .. - .. .. .. .. .. , . Choice of taxa .................... ...................................................................... Nesanoplium . .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. Unavailable and fossil taxa . .. .. .. .. .. .. .... ... ..... .. ..... ......... Nesiosphaerion . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Specimen preparation . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Nesodes .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. :. .. , . .. Character descriptions and states ..... .... .. .. .... ..... .. ......... .... .... ,. .. .. ... .... ... .. ...... ... Nyssicostylus .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Characters not used in analyses or key ................................... ............ .............. Nyssicus .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ,. .. .. .. .. .. Characters used in key only ... .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .... .. .. .. .. .... .... .. .... ... .... .. Orwellion .. .. .. .. .. .. Characters used in analyses .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Pantonyssus .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. .. .. .. Implied Weighting Method of Parsimony . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . Paramallocera . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ,. .. .. .. .. .. .. Phylogenetic analyses ... .. .. ... ..... .. ........................................... ........................ Parasphaerion .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. .. , . .. , .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Results of Phylogenetic Analyses .. .. ... .. .. .. ... ... .. ... .. ... .. .. ... ,.. .. .. ..... .. .. .. .. ... .. .. Parastizocera .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Discussion of Implied Weighting Consensus Tree ... .. .. .. .. .. ... .. .. .. .. .. .... .. ... ... .. .. Parelaphidion .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Discussion of Subset of Obtained Trees: The Five Shortest, Fittest Trees of the Implied Weight- Periboeum .. .. .. .. .. ing Analysis . ... .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Piezophidion . .. .. .. .. .. , . .. Problematic Taxa and Discussion of Outgroup . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Pilisphaerion . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Summary of Classification Changes . .. .. ,. .. .. ... .. ... .. ... ... .. ... .. .. .. .. .... .. Poecihmllus .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. .. .. Generic Treatment .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . Protomallocera .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. , . .. .. .. Tribe Elaphidiini .. , . .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. Protosphaerion .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. .. ..