HCL hydrogeological consultants ltd. 2019 Groundwater Monitoring Report Villeneuve-Calahoo Gravel Extraction Area Tp 054, R 26 to 28, W4M and Tp 054, R 01, W5M Prepared for Sturgeon County April 2020 HCL Project No.: MR-0224.19 © 2020 hydrogeological consultants ltd. Groundwater and Surface Water Solutions for a Changing Environment 17740 – 118 Avenue NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T5S 2W3 Suite 3000, 421 – 7th Avenue SW, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2P 4K9 780.483.7240 403.444.1081 800.661.7972 hcl.ca Signatures Version Date Description Prepared by Reviewed by 1 2020-04-02 Final Report Kirby Fromm, B.Sc., G.I.T. Jim Touw, P.Geol. Junior Hydrogeologist Senior Hydrogeologist Sturgeon County, 2019 Groundwater Monitoring Report i Villeneuve-Calahoo Gravel Extraction Area, Tp 054, R 26 to 28, W4M and Tp 054, R 01, W5M, MR-0224.19 TABLE OF CONTENTS Signatures ....................................................................................................................................................... i Executive Summary ..................................................................................................................................... iv 1. Introduction ............................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1. Purpose ............................................................................................................................................................ 1 1.2. Scope ............................................................................................................................................................... 2 2. Methodology .............................................................................................................................................. 3 2.1. Existing Data Sources ...................................................................................................................................... 3 2.2. Collection of New Data .................................................................................................................................... 4 2.3. Spatial Coordinates .......................................................................................................................................... 4 2.4. Measurements ................................................................................................................................................. 5 2.5. Other ................................................................................................................................................................ 5 3. Background ............................................................................................................................................... 6 3.1. Maps and Aerial Imagery ................................................................................................................................. 6 3.2. General Hydrogeology ..................................................................................................................................... 6 3.3. Villeneuve–Calahoo Sand and Gravel Extraction ASP ................................................................................... 9 3.4. Groundwater Monitoring Well Network ............................................................................................................ 9 4. Results ..................................................................................................................................................... 11 4.1. Spring and Fall Site Visits .............................................................................................................................. 11 4.2. Water-Level Monitoring .................................................................................................................................. 11 4.3. Groundwater-Quality Monitoring .................................................................................................................... 13 5. Interpretation ........................................................................................................................................... 18 5.1. Water Levels .................................................................................................................................................. 18 5.2. Groundwater Chemistry ................................................................................................................................. 22 6. Conclusions ............................................................................................................................................. 24 7. Recommendations .................................................................................................................................. 25 8. Bibliography ............................................................................................................................................ 26 9. Supplementary Information .................................................................................................................... 28 9.1. Glossary of Terms .......................................................................................................................................... 28 9.2. Glossary of Commonly Used Abbreviations, Acronyms, and Symbols ......................................................... 30 9.3. Stratigraphy of the “Undisturbed” Geology of Alberta .................................................................................... 32 9.4. Guidelines for Canadian Drinking Water Quality – Summary Table .............................................................. 33 Sturgeon County, 2019 Groundwater Monitoring Report ii Villeneuve-Calahoo Gravel Extraction Area, Tp 054, R 26 to 28, W4M and Tp 054, R 01, W5M, MR-0224.19 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1. Index Map – Regional ................................................................................................................................. 1 Figure 2. Index Map – ASP ........................................................................................................................................ 1 Figure 3. Bedrock Topography, Sturgeon County (adapted from HCL, 2001) ........................................................... 6 Figure 4. Cross-Section B-B' (adapted from HCL, 2001) ........................................................................................... 7 Figure 5. Hydrogeological Map (adapted from Bibby, 1974a, and Ozoray, 1972) ..................................................... 8 Figure 6. 2019 Gravel Pit Activity in ASP ................................................................................................................... 8 Figure 7. Typical Pit Wall ............................................................................................................................................ 9 Figure 8. Groundwater Monitoring Well Network ..................................................................................................... 10 Figure 9. Data Logger Monitoring Network .............................................................................................................. 12 Figure 10. Spring 2019 Piper Tri-Linear Diagram .................................................................................................... 14 Figure 11. Piper Tri-Linear Diagram for MW04-01 (2004 through 2019) ................................................................. 15 Figure 12. Monitoring Well Groupings Based on Water-Level Change ................................................................... 18 Figure 13. Group 1 Hydrograph ................................................................................................................................ 19 Figure 14. Group 2 Hydrograph ................................................................................................................................ 19 Figure 15. Group 3 Hydrograph ................................................................................................................................ 20 Figure 16. Group 4 Hydrograph ................................................................................................................................ 20 Figure 17. Group 5 Hydrograph ................................................................................................................................ 21 Figure 18. Contoured Water-Level Change (2019) .................................................................................................. 22 Figure 19. Sulfate Concentrations (2019) ................................................................................................................ 23 LIST OF TABLES Table 1. 2019 Field Observations ............................................................................................................................. 11 Table 2. Groundwater Monitoring Network Data Loggers ........................................................................................ 11 Table 3. 2019 Measured Water Levels ..................................................................................................................... 13 LIST OF APPENDICES Appendix A – Sturgeon County Groundwater Monitoring Program Appendix B – Monitoring Well Details Sturgeon County, 2019 Groundwater Monitoring Report iii Villeneuve-Calahoo Gravel Extraction Area, Tp 054, R 26 to 28, W4M and Tp 054,