0 Environmental Impact Assessment Report Mongla Economic Zone : Submitted by : Bangladesh Economic Zones Authority (BEZA) EIA Report- Mongla Economic Zone Disclaimer The report has been prepared by PricewaterhouseCoopers Pvt Ltd (PwC) for Bangladesh Economic Zones Authority (BEZA). This is pursuant to the Scope of Work under the Request for Proposal document "Transaction Advisory Services for Development of Economic Zones in Bangladesh" issued by BEZA. Consortium of PricewaterhouseCoopers, Mahindra Consulting Engineers Ltd and Infrastructure Investment Facilitation Company (IIFC) has undertaken a detailed environmental survey and has developed a comprehensive Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) for the economic zone at Mongla. Any third party should obtain prior consent of PwC before copying or reproducing, in whole or in part, the contents of this report. PwC disclaims any responsibility for any loss or damage suffered by any third party by taking reliance of this report. 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The Reader agrees that PricewaterhouseCoopers Pvt Ltd., its Partners, Principals, Employees and Agents neither owe nor accept any duty or responsibility to it, whether in contract or in tort (including without limitation, negligence and breach of statutory duty), and shall not be liable in respect of any loss, damage or expense of whatsoever nature which is caused by any use the reader may choose to make of this report, or which is otherwise consequent upon the gaining of access to the report by the reader. Further, the reader agrees that this report is not to be referred to or quoted, in whole or in part, in any prospectus, registration statement, offering circular, public filing, loan, other agreement or document and not to distribute the report without prior written consent of PricewaterhouseCoopers Pvt Ltd. and the World Bank. 2 EIA Report- Mongla Economic Zone Table of Contents 1. Executive Summary 15 1.1. Introduction 15 1.2. Project Background 15 1.3. Project Description 16 1.4. Connectivity of the Project Site 17 1.5. Project Activities and Area Statement 18 1.6. Drainage System Development 20 1.7. Resources and Utilities Demand for Off-Site Developments 21 1.8. Cost of the Project 23 1.9. Baseline and Social Environment 23 1.10. Environment and Social Impacts of the Proposed Project 24 2. Introduction 38 2.1. Prelude 38 2.2. Project Background 38 2.3. Project Description 39 2.4. Need for the Proposed Project 39 2.5. Need of Study 39 2.6. Scope and Methodology of the Study 40 2.7. Limitation of the Study 41 2.8. ToR Compliance Matrix 41 2.9. Structure of the Report 44 2.10. References 45 3. Legislative, Regulation and Policy Consideration 48 3.1. Regulatory Requirements for the Proposed Project 48 3.2. Procedure for Obtaining Environmental Clearance from DoE, Bangladesh 53 4. Project Description 56 4.1. Project Introduction 56 4.2. Project Objective and Options 60 4.3. Interventions under selected options and Project Activities 62 4.4. Existing Infrastructure in and around the Project Site 62 3 EIA Report- Mongla Economic Zone 4.5. Project Activities and Area Statement 67 4.6. Project Schedule 81 4.7. Resources and Utilities Demand 81 4.8. Map and Survey Information 86 4.9. Transportation Options for the EZ 92 4.10. Cost of the Project 97 5. Description of Environment (Environment and Social Baseline) 99 5.1. Prelude 99 5.2. Site Description and Its Environs 99 5.3. Baseline Data Collection and Monitoring Stations 97 5.4. Meteorology 97 5.5. Humidity 97 5.6. Rainfall 98 5.7. Evaporation 98 5.8. Winds 99 5.9. Sunshine Hours 101 5.10. Air Environment 101 5.11. Noise Environment 108 5.12. Water Resources 108 5.13. Ground Water system 128 5.14. Land Resources 128 Land Use 134 Topography 137 Seismicity 138 5.15. Agriculture Resources 140 5.16. Livestock and Poultry 142 5.17. Fisheries 143 5.18. Ecological Resources 144 5.19. Socio Economic 162 6. Identification and Analysis of Key Environmental Issues 168 6.1. Environmental Sensitivity Investigation 168 6.2. Environmental Asset 168 6.3. Environmental Hotspot 169 6.4. Likely Beneficial Impacts 170 6.5. Community Recommendations 171 6.6. Alternate Analysis 171 4 EIA Report- Mongla Economic Zone 7. Environmental and Social Impacts 173 7.1. Introduction 173 7.2. Impact Identification 173 7.3. Impact on Air Environment 175 7.4. Impact on Noise Environment 176 7.5. Impacts on Water Resources 177 7.6. Impacts on Land resources 181 7.7. Impacts on Agriculture resources 184 7.8. Impacts on Fisheries 184 7.9. Impacts on Eco-system 185 7.10. Impacts on Socio-Economy 186 8. Public Consultation and Disclosure 193 8.1. Introduction 193 8.2. Approach and Methodology of Pubic Consultation and Disclosure Meeting 193 8.3. Location of Public Consultation Meetings 193 8.4. Pubic Consultation and Disclosure Meetings 194 9. Environmental Management Plan and monitoring indicators 201 9.1. Introduction 201 9.2. The Environmental Management Plan 201 9.3. Mitigation Plan 201 9.4. Mitigation Plan for Boundary wall & Administration Building 201 9.5. Mitigation Plan for Access Road Construction & Bridge Construction 208 9.6. Mitigation Plan for Power Supply 227 9.7. Mitigation Plan for Water Supply System 240 9.8. Mitigation Plan for EZ 247 9.9. Enhancement Plan 255 9.10. Contingency Plan 255 9.11. Compensation Plan 255 9.12. Monitoring Plan 258 9.13. Monitoring Indicators 260 9.14. Institutional Arrangement 260 10. Cost Estimation for Environment Mitigation Measures and Monitoring 261 10.1. Environment Management Cost 261 11. Conclusion and Recommendation 262 5 EIA Report- Mongla Economic Zone 11.1. Conclusions 262 11.2. Recommendations 263 List of Figures Figure 1: Location Map ............................................................................................................ 17 Figure 2: Location Map of Mongla EZ ..................................................................................... 38 Figure 3: Methodology of EIA Study ...................................................................................... 40 Figure 4: Steps for Obtaining Environment Clearance from DoEB ........................................ 55 Figure 5: Master Plan of Proposed Mongla EZ ........................................................................ 57 Figure 6: Location of Economic Zone and proposed off-site facilities .................................... 58 Figure 7: Location of EZ and Water Supply Alignment ........................................................... 59 Figure 8: Photographs of the project site ................................................................................ 66 Figure 9: Section of the proposed boundary wall .................................................................... 70 Figure 10: Elevation of the proposed boundary wall ............................................................... 71 Figure 11: Alignment of access road and bridge ...................................................................... 72 Figure 12: Typical cross-section of the access road ................................................................. 73 Figure 13: Cross section of finished road level ........................................................................ 74 Figure 14: Cross section of finished road level ........................................................................ 75 Figure