Access to cancer treatment in non-metropolitan areas of Australia Amgen Australia Pty Ltd September 2011 Access to cancer treatment in Australia Contents Glossary ...........................................................................................................................................i Executive Summary .........................................................................................................................i 1 An overview of cancer ........................................................................................................ 8 1.1 What is cancer? ...................................................................................................................... 8 1.2 Prostate and breast cancer .................................................................................................... 9 2 A literature review on access to cancer treatment .......................................................... 13 2.1 Variations in cancer epidemiology ....................................................................................... 13 2.2 Access to cancer treatment ................................................................................................. 17 2.3 Improving access to cancer treatment ................................................................................ 19 3 Mapping access to cancer treatment ............................................................................... 21 3.1 Incidence of breast and prostate cancer ............................................................................. 21 3.2 Hospitals that deliver cancer treatment .............................................................................. 25 3.3 Average distance to cancer treatment ................................................................................ 44 4 Focusing on specific FEDs.................................................................................................. 50 4.1 Choosing FEDs ...................................................................................................................... 50 4.2 Postcodes with the greatest distance to cancer treatment ................................................. 53 4.3 Potential improvements in providing cancer treatment ..................................................... 56 References ................................................................................................................................... 63 Appendix A – Estimated number of new cancer cases ............................................................... 67 Appendix B - Hospitals offering cancer treatment ...................................................................... 69 Appendix C – Distance versus population among postcodes ..................................................... 78 Limitation of our work..................................................................................................................... 81 Charts Chart 1.1 : Incidence and mortality rates for breast cancer in females ..................................... 10 Chart 1.2 : Incidence and mortality rates for prostate cancer ................................................... 10 Chart 2.1 : Proportion of resident population by remoteness areas ......................................... 16 Chart 2.2 : Proportion of cancer patients who receive treatment, by type ............................... 16 Tables Table 1.1 : Estimated leading causes of the cancer burden of disease ........................................ 9 Table 1.2 : Hospitalisations with a principal diagnosis of cancer, 2008-09 ................................ 11 Table 2.1 : Incidence and mortality of prostate and breast cancer, by remoteness 2003-07 .... 14 Table 3.1 : Estimated breast and prostate cancer incidence rates, by state/territory .............. 21 Table 3.2 : Estimated breast and prostate cancer incidence rates, by age and gender, 2011 .. 22 Table 3.3 : Estimated number of new cases of breast and prostate cancer, 2011 .................... 23 Table 3.4 : Estimated average distance to cancer-related infusion services, by state/territory 45 Table 3.5 : Estimated average distance to radiotherapy services, by state/territory ................ 45 Table 3.6 : Estimated average distance to cancer-related infusion services, by FED ................ 46 Table 3.6 : Estimated average distance to cancer-related infusion services, by FED continued 47 Table 3.7 : Estimated average distance to radiotherapy services, by FED ................................. 47 Table 3.7 : Estimated average distance to radiotherapy services, by FED continued ............... 48 Table 4.1 : Average distance to cancer treatment and estimated number of new cancer cases for selected FEDs ......................................................................................................................... 52 Table 4.2 : The five furthest postcodes to cancer-related infusion services, by selected FEDs . 54 Table 4.3 : The five furthest postcodes to cancer-related infusion services, by selected FED continued ............................................................................................................................. 55 Table 4.4 : Distance to nearest GP versus distance to nearest cancer-related infusion service 58 Table A.1 : Estimated number of new breast and prostate cancer cases by FEDs, 2011 .......... 67 Table B.1 : Planned cancer treatment sites by state/territory................................................... 69 Table B.2 : Hospitals offering cancer-related infusion services in Australia .............................. 69 Table B.3 : Hospitals offering radiotherapy services in Australia ............................................... 77 Table C.1 : Distance to nearest cancer-related infusion service versus population of postcode78 Figures Figure 3.1 : Estimated number of new cases of breast and prostate cancer by FEDs, 2011 ..... 24 Figure 3.2 : Location of radiotherapy and cancer-related infusion services across Australia ... 28 Figure 3.3 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in Australia, 2011 ........................................................................................................................ 30 Figure 3.4 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in ACT, 2011 ................................................................................................................................ 31 Figure 3.5 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in NSW, 2011 ............................................................................................................................... 32 Figure 3.6 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in Sydney, 2011 ........................................................................................................................... 33 Figure 3.7 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in Northern Territory, 2011 ......................................................................................................... 34 Figure 3.8 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in Queensland, 2011 ................................................................................................................... 35 Deloitte Access Economics Figure 3.9 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in Brisbane, 2011 ......................................................................................................................... 36 Figure 3.10 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in South Australia, 2011 ............................................................................................. 37 Figure 3.11 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in Adelaide, 2011 ....................................................................................................... 38 Figure 3.12 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in Tasmania, 2011 ...................................................................................................... 39 Figure 3.13 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in Victoria, 2011 ......................................................................................................... 40 Figure 3.14 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in Melbourne, 2011 ................................................................................................... 41 Figure 3.15 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in Western Australia, 2011 ........................................................................................ 42 Figure 3.16 : Incidence of breast and prostate cancer compared to location of cancer treatment in Perth, 2011 ............................................................................................................ 43 Figure 4.1 : Map of selected FEDs .............................................................................................. 51 Deloitte Access Economics Access to cancer treatment in Australia Glossary ABS Australian Bureau of Statistics AEC Australian Electoral Commission AIHW Australian Institute of Health