Phone Follow-Up Dietary Interviewer Procedures Manual January 2008 TABLE OF CONTENTS Chapter Page 1 OVERVIEW OF THE NATIONAL HEALTH AND NUTRITION EXAMINATION SURVEY ............................................................................ 1-1 1.1 History ................................................................................................ 1-1 1.2 Goals of the Survey............................................................................. 1-4 1.3 NHANES Data Accomplishments...................................................... 1-4 1.4 National Center for Health Statistics .................................................. 1-6 1.5 Sample Selection................................................................................. 1-6 1.6 Field Organization for NHANES ....................................................... 1-7 1.7 Exams and Interviews in the Mobile Examination Center (MEC) ..... 1-10 1.7.1 Exam Sessions..................................................................... 1-11 1.7.2 Exam Team Responsibilities............................................... 1-12 1.7.3 Examination Components ................................................... 1-13 1.7.4 Sample Person Remuneration ............................................. 1-20 1.7.5 Report of Exam Findings .................................................... 1-21 1.7.6 Dry Run Day ....................................................................... 1-22 1.8 Integrated Survey Information System (ISIS) .................................... 1-22 1.9 Confidentiality and Professional Ethics.............................................. 1-22 2 INTRODUCTION TO THE DIETARY INTERVIEW................................... 2-1 2.1 Dietary Interview Component in the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey ............................................................ 2-1 2.2 The Role of the PFU Dietary Interviewer........................................... 2-3 2.3 Observers and Visitors........................................................................ 2-4 3 GENERAL INTERVIEWING TECHNIQUES............................................... 3-1 3.1 Before Beginning the Interview.......................................................... 3-1 3.2 Beginning the Interview...................................................................... 3-1 3.3 Administering the Interview ............................................................... 3-2 3.3.1 Asking the Questions .......................................................... 3-2 3.3.2 Maintaining Rapport........................................................... 3-4 3.3.3 Difficult Situations.............................................................. 3-5 3.3.4 Incomplete Information....................................................... 3-5 iii TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Chapter Page 3.4 Probing................................................................................................ 3-5 3.4.1 What is Probing and Why is it Necessary ........................... 3-6 3.4.2 Probing Inappropriate Responses........................................ 3-7 3.4.3 Probing Methods Should be Neutral ................................... 3-8 3.4.4 Kinds of Probes................................................................... 3-8 3.4.5 The Don’t Know (DK) Response........................................ 3-10 3.4.6 Additional Guidelines for Probing ...................................... 3-10 3.4.7 When to Stop Probing ......................................................... 3-11 3.5 General Rules for Recording Answers ............................................... 3-11 3.6 Ending the Interview........................................................................... 3-12 4 DIETARY INTERVIEW APPLICATION FEATURES ................................ 4-1 4.1 General Overview of Computer.......................................................... 4-1 4.1.1 Keyboard............................................................................. 4-1 4.2 PFU Dietary Interview Related Systems ............................................ 4-4 4.2.1 Key Features of the Wrapper Program................................ 4-5 4.2.2 Key Features of the AMPM Program ................................. 4-7 5 PHONE FOLLOW-UP CONTACT PROCEDURES ..................................... 5-1 5.1 Check Daily Schedule......................................................................... 5-1 5.2 Document Call Attempts .................................................................... 5-6 5.3 Retry Broken Appointments ............................................................... 5-11 5.4 Reschedule Appointments .................................................................. 5-12 5.5 Reminder Calls ................................................................................... 5-15 6 CONDUCTING THE 24-HOUR RECALL INTERVIEW ............................. 6-1 6.1 Introduction of the PFU Dietary Interview using the USDA Automated Multiple Pass Method (AMPM) Instrument .................... 6-1 6.1.1 Key Features of the 24-Hour Dietary Recall....................... 6-2 6.2 Accessing the Program ....................................................................... 6-4 6.3 Introduction to Respondent................................................................. 6-5 iv TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Chapter Page 6.4 Step 1: The Quick List Pass (QL)....................................................... 6-10 6.4.1 The Main Food List (MFL)................................................. 6-16 6.4.2 Leaving the Quick List (QL) Pass....................................... 6-26 6.5 Step 2: The Forgotten Foods List (FFL)............................................. 6-27 6.6 Step 3: The Time and Occasion Pass (T/O)........................................ 6-32 6.7 Step 4: The Detail and Review Cycle (DRC) ..................................... 6-40 6.7.1 Measuring Guide Instructions Screen ................................. 6-42 6.7.2 Midnight to First Occasion Probe ....................................... 6-43 6.7.3 Collecting Details and Amounts ......................................... 6-44 6.7.4 Food Source Question......................................................... 6-89 6.7.5 Review of Occasion ............................................................ 6-96 6.7.6 Occasion Location Question ............................................... 6-97 6.7.7 Between Interval Probe....................................................... 6-99 6.7.8 Last Occasion to Midnight Probe........................................ 6-100 6.7.9 Collection of Remainder Foods........................................... 6-101 6.8 Step 5: The Final Review Probe (FR)................................................. 6-102 6.9 Intake Health-Related Questions ........................................................ 6-103 6.9.1 Usual Intake........................................................................ 6-103 6.10 Dietary Recall Section Status ............................................................. 6-104 6.11 The Supplement and Antacid Section................................................. 6-106 6.12 The Post-Recall Section...................................................................... 6-106 6.12.1 Observations Screen............................................................ 6-107 6.12.2 Post-Recall Section Status Screen....................................... 6-109 7 SUPPLEMENT AND ANTACID COLLECTION ......................................... 7-1 7.1 Basic Scenarios................................................................................... 7-1 7.2 Recording Other Supplements............................................................ 7-7 7.3 Antacid Data Collection...................................................................... 7-10 7.4 No Supplements Reported in the Past 30 Days .................................. 7-13 7.5 No Antacids Reported in the Past 30 Days......................................... 7-15 7.6 Hand Cards......................................................................................... 7-17 7.7 Edits .................................................................................................... 7-18 v TABLE OF CONTENTS (continued) Chapter Page 8 ADDITIONAL INTAKE PROCEDURES...................................................... 8-1 8.1 Proxy and Assisted Interviews............................................................ 8-1 8.1.1 Proxy Interviews with Child SPs Under 9 Years of Age .... 8-2 8.1.2 Assisted Interviews with Child SPs 9 to 11 Years Old ....... 8-3 8.1.3 Proxy or Assisted Interviews with Adults Unable to Report for Themselves ........................................................ 8-3 8.2 Interviewing Children......................................................................... 8-3 8.3 Data Retrieval Procedures .................................................................. 8-4 8.3.1 Data Retrieval Criteria ........................................................ 8-5 8.3.2 Flagging Eating Occasions for Data Retrieval.................... 8-5 8.3.3 Documenting Data Retrieval Source Information............... 8-10 8.3.4 Data Retrieval Collection Procedures ................................. 8-18 8.4 Documenting Missing Meals (if Data Retrieval is Not Required)...... 8-19 8.5 Documenting Skipped Meals.............................................................. 8-19 8.6 Documenting Fasts on the Recall Day................................................ 8-19 8.7 Documenting Breast-fed Infants........................................................