Lancashire Gardens Trust WAR MEMORIAL PARKS AND GARDENS IN LANCASHIRE LANDSCAPE RESEARCH REPORT BY ELAINE TAYLOR WITH MARIA LUCZAK War Memorial Parks and Gardens in Lancashire WAR MEMORIAL PARKS AND GARDENS IN LANCASHIRE By Lancashire Gardens Trust Elaine Taylor, Project Leader with Maria Luczak Luczak Associates Landscape Management and Heritage Images on the title page from the left 1. Corporation Park, Blackburn. The Garden of Remembrance is in the classical Arts & Crafts style, set in an older park. Photo: A. Robinson 2. Map of the County Palatine of Lancashire, showing the memorial garden sites. The study area comprises only the post-1974 districts. Map: LCC 3. Oak Hill Park, Accrington. The site, chosen by the sculptor, is at the highest point of the park, with a vista towards the Pennine hills. Photo: A. Robinson Lancashire Gardens Trust: Landscape Research Report 2 War Memorial Parks and Gardens in Lancashire CONTENTS ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ..................................................................................................................................................... 4 COPYRIGHT AND OWNERSHIP .......................................................................................................................................... 4 1.0 INTRODUCTION ........................................................................................................................................................... 5 2.0 BACKGROUND............................................................................................................................................................. 6 3.0 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES ................................................................................................................................................ 7 4.0 METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................................................................................... 8 4.1 SITE SELECTION ................................................................................................................................................................... 8 4.2 TRAINING .......................................................................................................................................................................... 8 4.3 SOURCES ........................................................................................................................................................................... 8 4.4 ANALYSIS OF HISTORIC RESEARCH AND SITE SURVEY .................................................................................................................... 9 4.5 SIGNIFICANCE ..................................................................................................................................................................... 9 5.0 DEVELOPMENT OF THE PARKS AND GARDENS .......................................................................................................... 11 5.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................. 11 5.2 OPTIONS FOR COMMEMORATION ......................................................................................................................................... 11 5.3 LOCATION OF THE MEMORIAL .............................................................................................................................................. 11 5.4 IMPLEMENTING THE CHOSEN SCHEME ................................................................................................................................... 12 5.5 THE RANGE OF SITES .......................................................................................................................................................... 13 6.0 WAR MEMORIAL PARKS AND GARDENS ................................................................................................................... 14 6.1 THE MEMORIALS ............................................................................................................................................................... 14 6.2 LOCATION AND VIEWS ........................................................................................................................................................ 16 6.3 STYLE AND LAYOUT ............................................................................................................................................................ 16 6.4 PLANTING ....................................................................................................................................................................... 17 7.0 DESIGNERS AND CONTRACTORS ............................................................................................................................... 19 8.0 SIGNIFICANCE ........................................................................................................................................................... 21 8.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................. 21 8.2 HIGH .............................................................................................................................................................................. 21 8.3 MEDIUM ......................................................................................................................................................................... 21 8.4 LOW ............................................................................................................................................................................... 22 9.0 ISSUES AND OPPORTUNITIES .................................................................................................................................... 23 9.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................................................. 23 9.2 ISSUES ............................................................................................................................................................................ 23 9.3 OPPORTUNITIES ................................................................................................................................................................ 24 10.0 CONCLUSIONS ......................................................................................................................................................... 26 APPENDICES ................................................................................................................................................................... 28 A.1 BIBLIOGRAPHY ................................................................................................................................................................. 28 A.2 CVS OF AUTHORS ............................................................................................................................................................. 29 A.3 SUMMARY OF SITES ........................................................................................................................................................... 31 A.4 SUMMARY STATUTORY DESIGNATIONS AND DESIGNERS ............................................................................................................ 41 A.5 GLOSSARY OF TERMS USED IN THE REPORT AND SURVEYS .......................................................................................................... 44 A.6 SURVEY FORMS (SEE SEPARATE DOCUMENT) .......................................................................................................................... 45 Lancashire Gardens Trust: Landscape Research Report 3 War Memorial Parks and Gardens in Lancashire ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS This project would not have been possible without the work, enthusiasm and support of the following volunteers – Jane and Howard Atkins Bill Coles Julia Hawkins Sue and Terry Kelly Irena Preston Alan Robinson Diana Stenson Alan’s input, especially on architectural matters, has been a particularly significant part of the project. Special thanks are due to Lancashire County Council for generously providing the funds to carry out this research. Sincere thanks are due to the staff of all the libraries in the towns mentioned in the text; they have assisted in sourcing newspapers and items on local history. Much assistance has also been given by staff of Lancashire Archives, Preston, for providing maps, council minute books and further articles on local history. These resources have been invaluable to us. Elaine Taylor Project Leader, Lancashire Gardens Trust COPYRIGHT AND OWNERSHIP Copyright and ownership of the report and any supporting information e.g. plans, maps, photographs produced rests with the local authority partner and authors of the report. Sources for maps, photos, scans, illustrations, quotes, etc. are identified within the survey form for each site Maps with © LCC refers to Lancashire County Council as the source and the original copyright rests with the Council. Sources for other items are: Historic photos and postcards – the Archive departments of the major town libraries Historic maps – Lancashire Record Office The Mawson archive – Cumbria Record Office Aerial views and current