E/INCB/3 INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL BOARD Geneva STATISTICS ON NARCOTIC DRUGS FOR 1967 furnished by Governments in accordance with the International Treaties and MAXIMUM LEVELS OF OPIUM STOCKS UNITED NATIONS INTERNATIONAL NARCOTICS CONTROL BOARD Geneva STATISTICS ON NARCOTIC DRUGS FOR 1967 furnished by Governments in accordance with the International Treaties and MAXIMUM LEVELS OF OPIUM STOCKS UNITED NATIONS New York, 1968 E/INCB/3 December 1968 UNITED NATIONS PUBLICATION Sales number : E. 69. XI. 2 Price: $U.S. 1.50 (or equivalent in other currencies) TABLE OF CONTENTS Paragraphs Page FOREWORD 1-6 VII TRENDS IN THE LICIT MOVEMENT OF NARCOTIC DRUGS 7-87 VII General trends 7-10 VII Opium 11-22 VIII Poppy straw and poppy straw concentrate 23-30 IX Coca leaf 31-33 XI Cannabis 34-37 XI Manufactured drugs 38-87 XII Opium and coca-leaf alkaloids and their derivatives 38-66 XII Morphine 38-42 XII Codeine 43-49 XII Ethylmorphine 50-55 XIII Heroin 56-59 XIV Other derivatives of opium alkaloids 60-64 XIV Cocaine 65-66 xv " Synthetic " narcotic drugs 67-87 xv Pethidine-intermediates-A, -B and -C 67 xv Pethidine 68-72 XVII Trimeperidine 73 XVII Methadone-intermediate 74 XVII Methadone 75-76 XVIII Normethadone 77-78 XVIII Moramide-intermediate, racemoramide, dextromoramide and levomora¬ mide 79-81 XVIII Other " synthetic " narcotic drugs 82-87 XIX — III — ANNEXES Page Introductory note 2 A. — RECEIPT OF STATISTICS FOR 1967 Countries and territories which sent in all their returns 3 Missing quarterly and annual statistics 4 B. — SYNOPTIC TABLES Index of countries and territories mentioned in the tables 6 Narcotic drugs falling under the International Conventions 9 Chart showing successive phases from the production of the raw material to the consumption of the finished product, with references to tables 12 Explanatory note 13 Table I. — Opium: Production, utilization and export declared by producing countries. 14 Table I (a). — Area cultivated with the poppy for the production of opium 15 Table II. — Coca leaves: Production, utilization and export declared by producing countries 16 Table III. — Manufacture of morphine 18 Table IV. — Manufacture of cocaine 22 Table V. — Conversion of morphine 24 Table VI. — Manufacture of the principal narcotic drugs falling under the Conventions 28 Table VI (a). — Manufacture of narcotic drugs other than those specified in Table VI . 33 Table VII. — Consumption of the principal narcotic drugs falling under the Conventions 34 Table VII (a). — Utilization of morphine, codeine, ethylmorphine and cocaine in the manufacture of preparations for the export of which authorizations are not required 50 Table VII (b). — Consumption of narcotic drugs other than those specified in Table VII 52 Table VII (c). — Consumption of narcotic drugs : number of therapeutic doses consumed annually per 1000 inhabitants 53 Table VIII. — World trade (imports — exports) in 1967: Explanatory note 55 1. Opium 56 2. Poppy straw 58 3. Concentrate of poppy straw 59 4. Morphine 60 5. Codeine 62 6. Ethylmorphine (dionine) 64 7. Coca leaves 66 8. Cocaine 68 9. Pethidine 70 10. Methadone 72 Table IX. — Seizures in 1967 73 C. — MAXIMUM LEVELS OF OPIUM STOCKS 77 — IV — ABBREVIATIONS The following abbreviations are used except where the context otherwise requires : Abbreviation Full title Board International Narcotics Control Board. 1912 Convention International Opium Convention signed at The Hague on 23 January 1912. 1925 Agreement Agreement concerning the Manufacture of, Internal Trade in and Use of, Prepared Opium, signed at Geneva on 11 February 1925, as amended by the Protocol signed at Lake Success, New York, on 11 December 1946. 1925 Convention International Opium Convention signed at Geneva on 19 February 1925, as amended by the Protocol signed at Lake Success, New York, on 11 December 1946. 1931 Convention Convention for limiting the manufacture and regulating the distribution of narcotic drugs, signed at Geneva on 13 July 1931, as amended by the Protocol signed at Lake Success, New York, on 11 December 1946. 1931 Agreement Agreement for the Control of Opium Smoking in the Far East, signed at Bangkok on 27 November 1931, as amended by the Protocol signed at Lake Success, New York, on 11 December 1946. 1936 Convention Convention for the suppression of the illicit traffic in dangerous drugs, signed at Geneva on 26 June 1936, as amended by the Protocol signed at Lake Success, New York, on 11 December 1946. 1946 Protocol Protocol amending the Agreements, Conventions and Protocols on Narcotic Drugs concluded at The Hague on 23 January 1912, at Geneva on 11 February 1925 and 19 February 1925 and 13 July 1931, at Bangkok on 27 November 1931 and at Geneva on 26 June 1936, signed at Lake Success, New York, on 11 December 1946. 1948 Protocol Protocol signed at Paris on 19 November 1948 bringing under international control drugs outside the scope of the Convention of 13 July 1931 for limiting the manu- facture and regulating the distribution of narcotic drugs, as amended by the Protocol signed at Lake Success, New York, on 11 December 1946. 1953 Protocol Protocol for limiting and regulating the cultivation of the poppy plant, the production of, international and wholesale trade in, and use of opium, signed at New York on 23 June 1953. 1961 Convention Single Convention on Narcotic Drugs, signed at New York on 30 March 1961. — v — FOREWORD 1. In order to supervise the implementation of the 4. In addition, to ensure that the Parties to the Inter- Conventions on Narcotic Drugs, the International Nar- national Conventions are correctly accounting for their cotics Control Board studies and analyses the annual supplies of narcotic drugs, the Board prepares and pub- estimates and statistics submitted by Governments. lishes a balance sheet reflecting the movement of narcotic drugs in each country and territory.2 Governments are 2. After confirmation by the Board, estimates of opium thus in a position to ascertain that their information tallies, production and of narcotic drugs requirements are pub- 1 and also to see how far their estimates of consumption, lished and transmitted to Governments. To these conversion and stocks correspond to actual requirements. published figures are added four documents containing Finally, these tables make it possible to verify whether the supplementary and revised estimates received during the estimates and also the limits of manufacture and each quarter, so that governments can satisfy themselves import have been observed by Governments. that the amounts manufactured in and imported into their countries as well as the amounts exported to other countries remain within the limits set by the estimates. 5. The data contained in the three above-mentioned documents facilitates the necessary government super- 3. The present document contains the information on vision over the movement of narcotic drugs. statistics. It is set out in the form of tables which make it possible to follow the licit movement of narcotic drugs, from the production of the raw material to the consump- 6. For the same reason, the present document also tion of the finished product, over the last five years contains a note on the trends to be discerned from the (1963-1967). 1966-1967 statistics. TRENDS IN THE LICIT MOVEMENT OF NARCOTIC DRUGS General trends Morphine—Production increased very substantially in 1966, actually reaching its highest ever level. It decreased 7. The statistics supplied to the Board indicate the in 1967. Ninety per cent of this production is converted following general trends : into codeine. The consumption of morphine itself is decreasing. Opium—Production showed a decrease between 1965 and 1967; it was therefore insufficient to meet require- Heroin—Three countries still manufacture heroin, pri- ments and it proved necessary to draw on stocks. Yield marily for their own needs. Of these three manufacturing varies greatly from year to year and country to country. countries, consumption remains steady in the United Opium is used for various purposes. In many countries, Kingdom and is decreasing in Belgium and France. it is consumed in the form of medicinal preparations, but Coca Leaf—The statistics suggest that the quantity of in relatively small quantities. Apart from this there coca leaf used throughout the world for medical purposes exists only a residual consumption which is either non- is insignificant by comparison with the quantity used for medical or " quasi medical ", amounting to some 9 tons chewing by the Indians of the Andean highlands. in all and confined to two States, which have in fact, by ratifying first the 1953 Protocol and later the 1961 Cocaine—After showing a decrease, consumption has Convention, undertaken to bring the practice to an end. remained steady for some years. The Burmese Government has also taken steps to elim- inate the production for non-medical consumption by Pethidine—Consumption shows a tendency to increase. 1970. Most opium, however, is used for the manufacture Cannabis— In countries where cannabis is still used for of morphine. There was a marked increase in the use for medical purposes, such use is almost exclusively external this purpose in 1966, but it decreased the following year. and the amounts involved are steadily decreasing. Can- Poppy Straw—In 1966 and 1967, more poppy straw was nabis is however still licitly consumed for non-medical used by manufacturers for the extraction of morphine purposes in the Indo-Pakistan sub-continent, but India than in previous years. In 1967 the amount of morphine and Pakistan have undertaken to prohibit such use extracted from poppy straw reached a maximum and was within a specified period. equal to half the amount extracted from opium. 2 The 1966 tables were published under symbol E/OB/23/Add.2— 1 The estimates for 1969 are published under the symbol E/DSB/25/Add.2.