FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY FM 2-91.6 SOLDIER SURVEILLANCE AND RECONNAISSANCE: FUNDAMENTALS OF TACTICAL INFORMATION COLLECTION October 2007 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies only because it requires protection in accordance with AR 380-5 and as specified by DCS G-3 Message DTG 091913ZMAR04. This determination was made on 30 March 2004. Contractor and other requests must be referred to ATTN: ATZS-CDI-D, U.S. Army Intelligence Center, Fort Huachuca, AZ 85613-7017, or via email at [email protected]. DESTRUCTION NOTICE––Destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document. Headquarters, Department of the Army FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY This publication is available at Army Knowledge Online <www.us.army.mil> and the General Dennis J. Reimer Training and Doctrine Digital Library at <www.train.army.mil>. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY *FM 2-91.6 Field Manual Headquarters No. 2-91.6 Department of the Army Washington, DC, 10 October 2007 Soldier Surveillance and Reconnaissance: Fundamentals of Tactical Information Collection Contents Page PREFACE..............................................................................................................iii Chapter 1 INTRODUCTION ....................................................................................................1 Soldier Surveillance and Reconnaissance.............................................................1 Every Soldier is a Sensor .......................................................................................2 The HUMINT Collector ...........................................................................................5 The Need for Situational Awareness......................................................................7 Chapter 2 PLAN AND PREPARE...........................................................................................1 SECTION I – PRE-DEPLOYMENT PLANNING AND PREPARATION................1 Pre-Deployment Planning.......................................................................................1 Pre-Deployment Preparation..................................................................................2 SECTION II – DEPLOYED PLANNING AND PREPARATION.............................4 Deployed Planning .................................................................................................4 Deployed Preparation.............................................................................................5 Rules of Engagement.............................................................................................9 Risk Mitigation ......................................................................................................10 DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Distribution authorized to U.S. Government agencies only because it requires protection in accordance with AR 380-5 and as specified by DCS G-3 Message DTG 091913ZMAR04. This determination was made on 30 March 2004. Contractor and other requests must be referred to ATTN: ATZS- CDI-D, U.S. Army Intelligence Center, Fort Huachuca, AZ 85613-7017, or via email at ATZS-DCF- [email protected]. DESTRUCTION NOTICE––Destroy by any method that will prevent disclosure of contents or reconstruction of the document. *This publication supersedes ST 2-91.6, dated March 2004, and Tactical Questioning: Soldier’s Handbook, dated November 2003. FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY i FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Chapter 3 EXECUTE .............................................................................................................. 1 Working with Interpreters ....................................................................................... 1 Interacting with the Local Populace ....................................................................... 1 Tactical Site Exploitation........................................................................................ 4 Tactical Questioning and Detainee Handling......................................................... 7 Operational Liaison .............................................................................................. 10 Reporting and Debriefing ..................................................................................... 11 Chapter 4 ASSESS................................................................................................................. 1 Monitoring .............................................................................................................. 1 Evaluating .............................................................................................................. 2 Measures of Performance and Measures of Effectiveness ................................... 2 Feedback ............................................................................................................... 4 Appendix A BLANK FORMATS................................................................................................ 1 Appendix B USE OF INTERPRETERS..................................................................................... 1 Appendix C MISSION RESPONSIBILITIES ............................................................................. 1 Appendix D CIVIL CONSIDERATIONS .................................................................................... 1 Appendix E ARMY BRANCH AND JOINT, INTERAGENCY, AND MULTINATIONAL SUPPORT TO INFORMATION COLLECTION AND INTELLIGENCE DEVELOPMENT.................................................................................................... 1 GLOSSARY .......................................................................................... Glossary-1 REFERENCES.................................................................................. References-1 INDEX ......................................................................................................... Index-1 Figures Figure 2-1. Sample mission checklist ........................................................................................7 Figure 2-2. Patrol briefing format ...............................................................................................9 Figure 3-1. Examples of supporting information ........................................................................9 Figure 3-2. SALUTE report guidelines.....................................................................................13 Figure A-1. DD Form 2745 (Enemy Prisoner of War Capture Tag)...........................................2 Figure A-2. Sample of a field expedient CED tag ......................................................................3 Figure A-3. Sample of a CED log...............................................................................................4 Figure A-4. Sample of a SALUTE Report (Level 1 Report) .......................................................5 Figure A-5. Sample of a Spot Report (Level 1 Report)..............................................................6 Figure A-6. Sample of a Patrol Report format (Level 2 Report) ................................................7 Figure A-7. Sample format for intelligence personnel to use for debriefing (Level 3 Report)....................................................................................................................8 Tables Table 1-1. Potential indicators ...................................................................................................8 Table 4-1. MOP and MOE echelon responsibilities ..................................................................3 ii FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY 10 October 2007 FOR OFFICIAL USE ONLY Preface This publication establishes the Army’s doctrine in support of the Every Soldier is a Sensor (ES2) initiative. The need for Soldiers to be aware that basic observations are an important part of operations has led to the development of this manual. This manual expands on the information contained in ST 2-91.6 and provides a foundation for developing tactical questioning and reporting and supersedes all other tactical questioning handbooks produced by the United States Army Intelligence Center (USAIC), specifically the Tactical Questioning Soldier’s Handbook and ST 2-91.6. This manual–– • Provides the doctrinal framework for Soldiers and leaders at all echelons and forms the foundation for ES2 curricula within the Army Education System. Its audience is broad, from military Soldiers and leaders to civilians. It is essential that all Soldiers and civilians understand how their daily observations feed into the bigger intelligence process and help create a more favorable environment for US success in a region. • Is a compilation of tools to help all Soldiers collect information through tactical questioning, detainee handling, and document and equipment handling in offensive, defensive, stability operations, and civil support operations. • Is not intended to make the Soldier an expert on intelligence collection. It is not intended to train Soldiers as intelligence collectors nor authorize Soldiers to conduct interrogation and source operations. • Introduces the basics of questioning and reporting and provides some tools for patrols and S-2s. • Applies to the Full Spectrum Operations. Principles outlined are valid under conditions involving use of chemical, biological, radiological, nuclear, and high yield explosives (CBRNE). This manual is a compilation of tools to help all Soldiers collect information through surveillance, reconnaissance, patrolling, interacting with the local populace, tactical site exploitation, tactical questioning