CONCEPTUAL METAPHOR IN SELECTED INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT OF AMERICAN OSCAR AWARD WINNERS A THESIS BY AUDRY VALEINSIA FARJER REG.NO. 150705022 DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019 Universitas Sumatera Utara CONCEPTUAL METAPHOR IN SELECTED INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT OF AMERICAN OSCAR AWARD WINNERS A THESIS BY AUDRY VALEINSIA FARJER REG. NO. 150705022 SUPERVISOR CO-SUPERVISOR Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S. Dr. Drs. Umar Mono, Dipl.Trans, M.Hum. NIP. 1954111719800 3 100 NIP. 19600122198601 1 001 Submitted to Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara Medan in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from Department of English DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA MEDAN 2019 Universitas Sumatera Utara Approved by the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara (USU) Medan as thesis for The Sarjana Sastra Examination. Head, Secretary, Prof. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A., Ph.D. Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D. NIP. 19540916 198003 2 003 NIP. 19750209 200812 1 002 Universitas Sumatera Utara Accepted by the Board of Examiners in partial fulfillment of requirements for the degree of Sarjana Sastra from the Department of English, Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara, Medan. The examination is held in Department of English Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Sumatera Utara on May 31st, 2019 Dean of Faculty of Cultural Studies University of Suatera Utara Dr. Budi Agustono, M.S. NIP. 19600805 198703 1 001 Board of Examiners Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, M.A., Ph.D. Prof. Dr. Drs. Syahron Lubis, MA, BA., Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, MS Universitas Sumatera Utara AUTHOR’S DECLARATION I, AUDRY VALEINSIA FARJER DECLARE THAT I AM THE SOLE AUTHOR OF THIS THESIS EXCEPT WHERE REFERENCE IS MADE IN THE TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS CONTAINS NO MATERIAL PUBLISHED ELSEWHERE OR EXTRACTED IN WHOLE OR IN PART FROM A THESIS BY WHICH I HAVE QUALIFIED FOR OR AWARDED ANOTHER DEGREE. NO OTHER PERSON’S WORK HAS BEEN USED WITHOUT DUE ACKNOWLEDGMENTS IN THE MAIN TEXT OF THIS THESIS. THIS THESIS HAS NOT BEEN SUBMITTED FOR THE AWARD OF ANOTHER DEGREE IN ANY TERTIARY EDUCATION. Signed : Date : May 31st, 2019 v Universitas Sumatera Utara COPYRIGHT DECLARATION NAME : AUDRY VALEINSIA FARJER TITLE OF THESIS : CONCEPTUAL METAPHOR IN SELECTED INTERVIEW TRANSCRIPT OF AMERICAN OSCAR AWARD WINNERS QUALIFICATION : S1/SARJANA SASTRA DEPARTMENT : ENGLISH I AM WILLING THAT MY THESIS SHOULD BE AVAILABLE FOR REPRODUCTION AT THE DISCRETION OF THE LIBRARIAN OF DEPARTMENT OF ENGLISH, FACULTY OF CULTURAL STUDIES, UNIVERSITY OF SUMATERA UTARA ON THE UNDERSTANDING THAT USERS ARE MADE AWARE OF THEIR OBLIGATION UNDER THE LAW OF THE REPUBLIC OF INDONESIA. Signed : Date : May 31st , 2019 vi Universitas Sumatera Utara ACKNOWLEDGMENT Firstly, I would like to express my gratitude for My Lord, Jesus Christ, for being my source of strength. In the process of writing this thesis, I have faced some difficulties that I don‘t think I can pass if it is not because of Him. Secondly, I would like to thank to the Head of English Department, Prof. Dra. T. Silvana Sinar, M.A., Ph.D, the Secretary of English Department, Rahmadsyah Rangkuti, S.S, M.A, Ph.D., and all the lecturers and staff of Department of English who have been patiently teaching and guiding me during my time of study. I would like to express my sincere gratitude to Dr. Muhizar Muchtar, M.S as my supervisor for being really patient and kind to me during the time of writing this thesis which means a lot to me. Also, I would like to thank my co-supervisor, Dr. Drs. Umar Mono, Dipl.Trans., M.Hum for being kind, and very thorough in correcting my thesis. All the advices which have been given to me from my supervisors will always be kept and remembered in my heart. I dedicate my deepest love to my beloved parents, and my brothers. They are the ones who keep me going in times where I feel like giving up, they are the ones who taught me how to be strong in overcoming any difficulties. Dear father, I thank you sincerely for always showing me love and support. Dear mother, I thank you for always teaching me how to be patient and strong. For my dear brothers, Bung Carlo and Bung Boy, you both are one of the reasons why I have to accomplish all of my dreams in life. vii Universitas Sumatera Utara The last but not least, I dedicate my gratitude for Sri Wahyuni, Regina Goela, Widi Ambarwati, Miftach Khairani, and Rara Tri Antika. Thank you for being the best cure to my feeling of boredom, most importantly, for being my support system. I hope this thesis can be useful for the readers. May the grace and the love of God always be with us. Medan, May 31st, 2019 Audry Valeinsia Farjer Reg. No. 150705022 viii Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRACT The title of this research is “Conceptual Metaphor in Selected Interview Transcript of American Oscar Award Winners”. The purposes of this research are to identify the kinds of conceptual metaphor in the transcript of the Oscar Award winners and to explain the meaning of the conceptual metaphor in the interview transcript of the Oscar Award winners. The method of this research is using qualitative descriptive analysis. The concept of metaphorical expressions are analyzed by using George Lakoff and Mark Johnson‘s conceptual metaphor theory. The result of this research shows that all types of metaphor are found in the data, which are structural metaphor, orientational metaphor, and ontological metaphor. The meaning behind the conceptual metaphor in the data shows that it can be understood easily through the process of metaphorical mapping. Keywords : Conceptual Metaphor, Metaphorical Mapping, Semantics ix Universitas Sumatera Utara ABSTRAK Judul dari penelitian ini adalah “Conceptual Metaphor in Selected Interview Transcript of American Oscar Award Winners”. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengidentifikasi jenis metafora konseptual dalam transkrip wawancara pemenang Penghargaan Oscar, dan untuk menjelaskan makna dari metafora konseptual dalam transkrip wawancara pemenang Penghargaan Oscar. Metode penelitian ini menggunakan analisis deskriptif kualitatif. Konsep ekspresi metaforis dianalisis dengan menggunakan teori metafora konseptual oleh George Lakoff dan Mark Johnson. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa semua jenis metafora konseptual ditemukan dalam data, yaitu metafora struktural, metafora orientasi, dan metafora ontologis. Makna di balik metafora konseptual dalam data menunjukkan bahwa metafora konseptual itu dapat dipahami dengan mudah melalui proses pemetaan metaforis. Kata kunci: Metafora Konseptual, Pemetaan Metaforis, Semantik x Universitas Sumatera Utara TABLE OF CONTENTS AUTHOR’S DECLARATION ....................................................................................... v COPYRIGHT DECLARATION .................................................................................. vi ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS .......................................................................................... vii ABSTRACT ..................................................................................................................... ix ABSTRAK ........................................................................................................................ x TABLE OF CONTENTS ................................................................................................ xi CHAPTER I : INTRODUCTION .................................................................................. 1 1.1 Background of The Study ................................................................... 1 1.2 Problems of The Study ........................................................................ 2 1.3 Objectives of The Study ...................................................................... 3 1.4 Scope of The Study ............................................................................. 3 1.5 Significance of The Study ................................................................... 4 CHAPTER II : REVIEW OF LITERATURE .............................................................. 5 2.1 Semantics .......................................................................................... 5 2.1.1 Cognitive Semantics....................................................................... 5 2.2 Metaphor ........................................................................................... 9 2.3 Conceptual Metaphor ..................................................................... 11 2.3.1 Structural Metaphor ..................................................................... 11 2.3.2 Orientational Metaphor ................................................................ 12 2.3.3 Ontological Metaphor .................................................................. 13 2.4 Metaphorical Mapping ................................................................... 14 2.5 Previous Studies ............................................................................. 14 CHAPTER III : RESEARCH METHOD .................................................................... 18 3.1 Research Design ............................................................................. 18 3.2 Data and Source of Data ................................................................. 18 3.3 Technique of Collecting Data ......................................................... 18 3.4 Technique of Data Analysis .......................................................... 19