As of24th November 2015Final (reviewed by JICA) Mumbai Trans Harbor Link Project Supplemental Environmental Impact Assessment (Final, 24thof November 2015) Mumbai Metropolitan Region Development Authority (MMRDA) Table of Contents CHAPTER 1 PROJECT BACKGROUND.....................................................................................................2 1.1. Preface.........................................................................................................................................................2 1.2. Need of the Project.....................................................................................................................................2 1.3. Need and Objective of EIA study.............................................................................................................3 1.4. Purpose of Study.........................................................................................................................................4 1.5. Project Benefits...........................................................................................................................................4 1.6. Structure of the Report...............................................................................................................................5 CHAPTER 2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION .......................................................................................................7 2.1. Project Description.....................................................................................................................................7 2.2. Project Location..........................................................................................................................................7 2.3. Structural Details of the Bridge and Road................................................................................................8 CHAPTER 3 CURRENT NATURAL AND SOCIAL ENVIRONMENT CONDITIONS...................10 3.1. Topography, Geography and Hydrology...............................................................................................10 3.2. Land Use ...................................................................................................................................................11 3.3. Climate ......................................................................................................................................................15 3.4. Protected area............................................................................................................................................15 3.5. Fauna and Flora ........................................................................................................................................19 3.6. Cultural Heritage.......................................................................................................................................20 3.7. Socio-Economic .......................................................................................................................................21 CHAPTER 4 ENVIRONMENTAL LEGISLATION IN INDIA...............................................................25 4.1. EIA Notification 2006..............................................................................................................................25 4.2. Coastal Regulation Zone (CRZ Notification 2011)...............................................................................25 4.3. Other relevant Environmental Laws and Regulations...........................................................................27 4.4. Gaps between Rapid EIA 2012 and JICA’s Guideline.........................................................................28 CHAPTER 5 Alternative Analysis, Screening and Scoping.........................................................................30 5.1. Alternative Analysis.................................................................................................................................30 5.1.1. Route Analysis......................................................................................................................................30 5.1.2. Control Points.......................................................................................................................................35 5.1.3. Summary of the Horizontal Alignment..............................................................................................36 5.1.4. Structure Type ......................................................................................................................................39 5.1.5. Alternative Analysis.............................................................................................................................40 5.1.6. Zero Option...........................................................................................................................................41 5.2. Screening...................................................................................................................................................41 5.3. Scoping......................................................................................................................................................41 5.4. Baseline Survey and Analysis Methodology.........................................................................................46 CHAPTER 6 RESULT OF BASELINE SURVEY AND IMPACT ANALYSIS...................................49 6.1. Pollution ....................................................................................................................................................49 6.1.1. Air Pollution..........................................................................................................................................49 6.1.2. Water Pollution.....................................................................................................................................55 6.1.3. Waste.....................................................................................................................................................60 6.1.4. Soil Contamination and Sediment Quality ........................................................................................61 6.1.5. Noise and Vibration.............................................................................................................................63 6.2. Natural Environment................................................................................................................................71 i 6.2.1. Protected Area and Ecosystem............................................................................................................71 6.2.2. Hydrology.............................................................................................................................................95 6.2.3. Topography and Geology................................................................................................................. 100 6.3. Social Environment......................................................................................................................…….103 6.3.1. Involuntary Resettlement.................................................................................................................. 103 6.3.2. The Poor............................................................................................................................................. 104 6.3.3. Local economy such as employment and livelihood..................................................................... 106 6.3.4. Land use and Utilization of Local Resources................................................................................. 107 6.3.5. Existing Social Infrastructure and Services..................................................................................... 108 6.3.6. Local Conflicts .................................................................................................................................. 109 6.3.7. Landscape .......................................................................................................................................... 110 6.3.8. Gender................................................................................................................................................ 112 6.3.9. Infection Disease............................................................................................................................... 113 6.3.10. Labor Environment........................................................................................................................... 114 6.3.11. Accident............................................................................................................................................. 115 6.3.12. Cross Boundary Impacts and Climate Change............................................................................... 116 CHAPTER 7 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN............................................................... 120 7.1. Mitigation Measures...............................................................................................................................120 7.2. Environmental Monitoring Plan............................................................................................................126 7.2.1. Construction Phase............................................................................................................................ 126 7.2.2.