Data Collection Survey on Cooperation for REDD+ through Related Funds Final Report August 2017 Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) Japan Forest Technology Association ASIA AIR SURVEY CO.,LTD Mitsubishi UFJ Research and Consulting Co., Ltd. GE JR 17-100 Data Collection Survey on Cooperation for REDD+ through Related Funds(Final Report) I. An Overview of the Study ................................................................................................... - 1 - Background .................................................................................................................... - 1 - REDD＋ negotiations under the UNFCCC (overview) ...................................... - 1 - Decisions on REDD＋ finance .............................................................................. - 2 - Objectives and Workflow of the Study ......................................................................... - 2 - Results of the Study ...................................................................................................... - 4 - II. Results of the Study ........................................................................................................... - 5 - Country Profile .............................................................................................................. - 5 - Natural Conditions ................................................................................................ - 5 - Major Industries and Economic Development ..................................................... - 5 - Economic Situation ............................................................................................ - 5 - Industries ........................................................................................................... - 6 - Ethnicity and Culture............................................................................................ - 6 - Security Situation .................................................................................................. - 7 - National Development Policy and Forestry Sector ..................................................... - 8 - Outline of National Development Plan ................................................................ - 8 - The Japanese Government’s Policy of Cooperation ............................................. - 8 - Outline of INDC and Place of REDD+ ................................................................. - 9 - Submission of National Communication and the Status of REDD+ ............... - 10 - Forest Management Policy and Current Status of the Forests ............................... - 10 - Forest Policy and Law ......................................................................................... - 10 - Forest Law ........................................................................................................ - 10 - Forestry Policy ................................................................................................. - 10 - Forestry Plans .................................................................................................. - 11 - Community Forest Instruction ....................................................................... - 14 - Land Ownership in Forested Areas ................................................................ - 14 - Current Status of the Forests ............................................................................. - 14 - Forest Definition .............................................................................................. - 14 - Forest Type ....................................................................................................... - 14 - Forest Resources .............................................................................................. - 16 - Forest Dynamics .............................................................................................. - 18 - Status of Protected Areas ................................................................................ - 21 - Status of REDD+ Preparation and REDD+ Activities ............................................. - 21 - REDD+-Related Activities at the Central Level ................................................ - 21 - Offices and Organizations Responsible for Climate Change ........................ - 21 - Major National Plans related to climate change ........................................... - 24 - Availability of the REDD+ Action Plan .......................................................... - 26 - i Data Collection Survey on Cooperation for REDD+ through Related Funds(Final Report) Preparation for the MRV Mechanism ............................................................ - 26 - FRL/FREL ........................................................................................................ - 28 - Safeguards ........................................................................................................ - 28 - Analysis of Drivers .......................................................................................... - 35 - Addressing REDD+ at the Regional Level ......................................................... - 37 - Other Donors and Private Organizations Addressing REDD+ ........................ - 37 - The Forest Carbon Partnership Facility (FCPF) .......................................... - 37 - Joint Crediting Mechanism (JCM) ................................................................. - 37 - Verified Carbon Standard (VCS) .................................................................... - 38 - Green Climate Fund (GCF) ............................................................................. - 39 - Project Level REDD+ Activities .......................................................................... - 39 - The United Nations Development Programme (UNDP) .............................. - 39 - Korean Forest Service (KFS) .......................................................................... - 40 - International Centre for Integrated Mountain Development (ICIMOD) .... - 40 - The United Nations Programme on Reducing Emissions from Deforestation and Forest Degradation (UN-REDD) ........................................................................ - 40 - Opportunities to Leverage Private Funds ................................................................. - 40 - Legal System Associated with REDD+ Related Business ................................ - 41 - Approval and License System Associated with REDD+ ................................... - 41 - Approval and License Associated with Business Operation ......................... - 41 - Approval and License for Land Use Rights ................................................... - 42 - Candidate Sites for Formulating the REDD+ Project and the need for activities . - 43 - Project site selection ............................................................................................ - 43 - Selected site ①＜Bago Yoma Reserved Forest＞ .............................................. - 46 - Selected Site ②＜Alaungdaw Kathapa National Park> .................................. - 48 - Selected Site ③＜Danu Tribe Area > ................................................................. - 50 - Detailed Studies at the Candidate Sites for the REDD+ Project (Taunggy District) ... - 52 - Overview of Shan-State ....................................................................................... - 53 - Overview of Shan State ................................................................................... - 53 - Overview of Nyaung Shwe District ................................................................ - 56 - Field Survey (Status of Community Forestry in Southern Shan State) ..... - 56 - Forest Conservation (Erosion Control) .............................................................. - 62 - Objectives of the Field Study .......................................................................... - 63 - Field Study Area .............................................................................................. - 63 - Results of the Field Study ............................................................................... - 63 - Draft activities in erosion control ................................................................... - 69 - Agriculture ........................................................................................................... - 71 - ii Data Collection Survey on Cooperation for REDD+ through Related Funds(Final Report) Overview of Myanmar Agriculture ................................................................. - 72 - Agriculture in Southern Shan State .............................................................. - 79 - Prospects of Efforts for Addressing Agricultural Issues ............................... - 85 - Prospect for Support from JICA ..................................................................... - 87 - Community Forestry and Livelihood Improvement .......................................... - 90 - Overview of Community Forestry .................................................................. - 91 - Current Status of CF over South Shan State ................................................ - 99 - Potential of business for solving problems in the CF field ......................... - 109 - Mobilization of GCF Fund over Shan State ..................................................... - 113 - Overvoew of GCF fund and application to REDD+ ..................................... - 113 - Discussion on fund mobilization to