TBIS 15194 :2019 Taiwan Bicycle Industry Standard TBIS 15194 Third edition Electrically powerreserved assisted cycles standard investigate rights must All Reprints i TBIS 15194 :2019 Contents Page Foreword ·············································································· vii Background description ···························································· viii 1. SCOPE ············································································ 01 2. Normative references ···························································· 02 3. Terms and definitions ···························································· 03 4. SAFETY REQUIREMENTS AND/OR PROTECTIVE MEASURES 11 4.1 General ················································································ 11 4.2 Electrical requirements ····························································· 11 4.2.1 Electric circuit ···································································· 11 4.2.2 Controls and symbols ···························································reserved 11 4.2.3 Batteries ··········································································· 11 4.2.4 Battery charger ···································································investigate 12 4.2.5 Electric cables and connections ················································ 13 4.2.6 Wiring ············································································· 13 4.2.7 Power cables and conduits ······················································ 14 4.2.8 Externalrights and internal electrical connections ·································· 14 4.2.9 Moisture resistance ······························································must 15 4.2.10 Mechanical strength test ······················································· 15 All4.2.11 Maximum speed for which the electric motor gives assistance ·········· 15 4.2.12 Start-up assistance mode ······················································ 16 4.2.13 Power management ···························································· 17 4.2.14 Maximum power measurement ··············································· 19 4.2.15 Electro Magnetic Compatibility ·············································· 20 4.2.16 Failure mode ···································································· 20 Reprints4.2.17 Anti-tampering measur e ······················································· 20 ii TBIS 15194 :2019 4.3 Mechanical requirements ·························································· 22 4.3.1 General ············································································ 22 4.3.2 Sharp edges ······································································· 23 4.3.3 Security and strength of safety-related fasteners ···························· 23 4.3.4 Protrusions ········································································ 24 4.3.5 Brakes ············································································· 24 4.3.6 Steering ············································································ 40 4.3.7 Frames ············································································· 52 4.3.8 Front fork ········································································· 64 4.3.9 Wheels and wheel/tyre assembly ·············································· 75 4.3.10 Rims, tyres and tubes ·························································· 81 4.3.11 Front mudguard ································································· 84 4.3.12 Pedals and pedal/crank drive system········································· 86 4.3.13 Drive-chain and drive belt ····················································· 97 4.3.14 Chain-wheel and belt-drive protective device ······························ 98 4.3.15 Saddles and seat-posts. ························································reserved 102 4.3.16 Spoke protector ·································································investigate 110 4.3.17 Luggage carriers ································································ 110 4.3.18 Road-test of a fully-assembled EPAC ······································· 110 4.3.19 Lighting systems and reflectors ·············································· 110 4.3.20 Warning device ································································· 112 4.3.21 Thermalrights hazards ································································must 112 4.3.22 Performance Levels (PLrs) for control system of EPACs ················· 112 4.4 List of significant hazards ························································ 112 5 Marking,All labelling································································· 113 5.1 Requirement ·········································································· 113 5.2 Marking test ··········································································· 114 5.2.1 Marking Durability test ························································· 114 Reprints5.2.2 Marking Safety requirement ················································· 115 6 Instruction for use ································································· 115 iii TBIS 15194 :2019 Annex A (informative) Example of recommendation for battery charging ······ 119 Annex B (informative) Example of relation between speed/torque/current ····· 120 Annex C (normative) Electromagnetic compatibility of EPAC and ESA ········ 123 C.1 Conditions applying to EPAC and to electrical/electronic sub-assemblies(ESA) 123 C.1.1 Marking ············································································ 123 C.1.2 Requirements ······································································ 123 C.2 Method of measuring broad-band electromagnetic radiation from EPAC · 127 C.2.1 Measuring equipment ···························································· 127 C.2.2 Test method ········································································ 127 C.2.3 Measurement ····································································· 128 C.3 Method of measuring narrow band elreservedectromagnetic radiation from EPAC 128 C.3.1 General ············································································· 128 C.3.2 Antenna type, position and orientation. ······································investigate 128 C.4 Methods of testing EPAC immunity to electromagnetic radiation ··········· 128 C.4.1 General ············································································· 128 C.4.2 Expressionrights of results ·····························································must 128 C.4.3 Test conditions ····································································· 128 C.4.4All State of the EPAC during the tests ··········································· 129 C.4.5 Type, position and orientation of the field generator ······················ 129 C.4.6 Requisite test and condition ···················································· 131 C.4.7 Generation of the requisite field strength ···································· 131 C.4.8 Inspection and monitoring equipment ········································ 133 C.5Reprints Method of measuring broad-band electromagnetic radiation from separate technical units (ESA) ······································································· 133 iv TBIS 15194 :2019 C.5.1 General ············································································· 133 C.5.2 State of the ESA during the test ·············································· 133 C.5.3 Antenna type, position and orientation ······································· 133 C.6 Method of measuring narrow-band electromagnetic radiation from separate technical units (ESAs) ······································································ 133 C.6.1 General ············································································· 133 C.6.2 Test conditions ··································································· 134 C.6.3 State of the ESA during the tests ··············································· 134 C.6.4 Antenna type, position and orientation ······································· 134 C.7 Methods of testing the ESA immunity to electromagnetic radiation ········ 134 C.7.1 General ············································································· 134 C.7.2 Expression of results ·····························································reserved 134 C.7.3 Test conditions ·····································································investigate 134 C.7.4 State of the ESA during the tests ··············································· 134 C.7.5 Requisite test and condition ···················································· 134 C.7.6 Generation of the requisite field strength ···································· 135 C.7.7 Inspectionrights and monitoringmust equi pment ········································ 136 C.8 ESD test ·················································································· 136 All Reprints v TBIS 15194 :2019 Annex D (informative) Steering geometry ········································ 137 Annex E (informative) Dummy fork characteristics ····························· 138 Annex F (informative) Explanation of the method of least squares for obtaining line of best fit and ± 20 % limit lines for braking performance linearity ······ 140 Annex G (informative) Fork mounting fixture ··································· 143 Annex H (informative)