KEYNOTE ADDRESS I Title: Trends in Software Defined and Cognitive Radios Dr. Ajit T Kalghatgi Director (R&D), BEL, Bangalore. Email: [email protected] Abstract: Modern day communication technologies provide for effective transmission and reception of high data rate multi-media information over constrained channels. Migration from conventional Analog radio to packetized digital radios has enabled networked, mobile broad band access over demanding terrains. Dependence on standards driven & protocol dependant point-point & point-multipoint mobile Adhoc network has given rise to the need for platform agnostic software driven customizable radios. This has led to proliferation of a range of Software Defined Radios & Software Defined Networks. Challenges associated with optimal resource management of spectrum, user bandwidth driven applications & minimization of cost, weight and power requirements has led to the development of smart, intelligent or Cognitive Radios. This talk presents the trends and the challenges associated with the development, engineering & deployment of configurable, smart communication technologies associated with SDR & Cognitive Radios, Spectrum sensing and deployment of Cognitive Radios. Curriculum Vitae: Dr. Ajit T Kalghatgi is currently Director (R&D) of Bharat Electronics Ltd. He was till recently Chief Scientist at BEL’s Central Research Laboratory (CRL). He has more than 30 years of Experience in the field of RF & Microwave Engineering. After graduating from Mysore University with B.E in Electronics & Communications, he completed his M.Tech in Microwave & radar engineering from IIT, Kharagpur and Ph.D., from Leeds University, UK. He worked in Avionics Design Bureau of HAL Hyderabad as Design Engineer responsible for Microwave Front-ends & IFF transceiver. He was with the University of Leeds, UK from 1988 to 1993 for his Ph.D as a Commonwealth Research Scholar and later as a Post-Doctoral Fellow. He was with CRL of BEL from 1994. His research interests are in RF and Microwave systems, Smart Antennas, RF MEMs and Secure Communication Technologies. He has more than 80 research papers and a patent to his credit. He is recipient of R&D Award from BEL for his significant contribution to its R&D programme, and the Society of Defence Technologists (SODET) Gold Award for Technology Development & Innovation for the year 2005-06. He is also recipient of Raksha Mantri Award of Excellence in Innovation for the year 2007-2008 as well as for the year 2008-09. He is in the advisory board and review boards of number of international journals and conferences. He is in the review panel of Journal of Progress in Electromagnetic Research (PIER) and of IET Proceeding of Microwaves and Antennas. He is a member of review committees of Government of India, Member of the Editorial Board of IET’s Microwave & Antennas research publications, Fellow of IETE, Member of IEEE and IET-UK. He is presently Chairman of local Network of the IET-UK at Bangalore. KEYNOTE ADDRESS II Title: Sensing Order Problem in Cognitive Radio Networks Dr. Arun Pachai Kannu Assistant Professor Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras. Email: [email protected] Abstract: Cognitive radios (CR) enhance the spectrum usage by intelligently detecting available licensed wireless channels in their vicinity and dynamically configuring their transmission and reception parameters so as to make the best use of spectrum holes. In general, a CR would need to search over multiple portions of the licensed spectrum, in order to select the best free channel for its use. It would be expensive to build CR which can simultaneously sense more than one portion of the spectrum quickly, efficiently and reliably. As a result, each CR would need to have a sensing-order, an order in which it will sequentially sense the different primary channels until it finds a suitable channel for its communication. In this talk, we discuss the problem of choosing the optimal sensing order to maximize the total throughput of the cognitive radios. We address various scenarios such as fixed and adaptive rate transmissions as well as single-user and multi-user cognitive radio networks. We employ mathematical tools from optimal stopping theory to solve this problem and present performance comparisons with other sensing order selection methods. Curriculum Vitae: Dr. Arun Pachai Kannu received the M.S. and Ph.D. degrees in Electrical Engineering from The Ohio State University in 2004 and 2007, respectively. From 2007 to 2009, he was a Senior Engineer in Qualcomm Inc., San Diego, CA. He is currently an Assistant Professor in the Department of Electrical Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Madras. His research interest includes Information theory, Estimation theory and Wireless communications. KEYNOTE ADDRESS III Title: Challenges in Defence Research Dr. S. Christopher Distinguished Scientist Programme Director (AEW&C) & Director, Centre for Airborne System, Bangalore. Email: [email protected] Abstract: A product of Defense Research should fully meet an identified Operational Requirement and should be available in the timeframe specified by User Services. Otherwise, there is the risk of the whole effort getting defeated. Factors like Global Politics, Technology Denials, Galloping Military Technologies, Changing Tactics of War and the like affect the nature and pace of indigenous Defense Research and should be guarded against. Formed in 1958 with 10 laboratories, The Defense R&D Organisation (DRDO) has grown today to 52 laboratories catering to R&D in 10 disciplines covering all contemporary military S&T areas. Currently 30,000 trained personnel including 5,000 scientists work for the DRDO. DRDO labs that were initially engaged in small weapons and equipment development projects, progressively switched over to development of larger military systems, like Main Battle Tank, Guided Missiles, Light Combat Aircraft, AEW&C systems, etc. Networking with National R&D and S&T centres increased with the arrival of these larger programmes. A 100 percent Self Reliance in Defense Systems is unthinkable in today’s context. Military systems may need to be procured by a judicial combination of indigenous development and joint production by foreign vendors and Indian industries, for timely induction. AEW&C systems are the current ‘Force Multipliers’ playing a leading role in today’s wars. With the advent of Active Electronically Scanning Array (AESA) Radars, the AEW&C systems have become smaller, effective and affordable. India has taken a lead to acquire this capability through the AEW&C India programme undertaken by Centre for Air-Borne Systems (CABS) of DRDO. Despite setbacks with initial attempts, CABS has been able to establish the necessary R&D infrastructure and generate crucial building-block technologies for development of AEW&C systems. Forming a strong ‘Team AEW&C’ and networking with National R&D and S&T centres as well as foreign collaborators, CABS has been able to build a state-of-the-art AEW&C India system that has turned out to be ‘notable’ among equivalent contemporary systems in the world market. The judicial packing of capabilities like Primary Radar, IFF, Electronic Intelligence, Communication Intelligence, Self Protection, etc., in the medium class aircraft and adding an In-Flight Refuelling system to enhance range and endurance of operations in the AEW&C India has caught the attention of developing Nations of the world, who now want to buy this Indian product. AEW&C India has thus opened up a turning point for the Nation from being a ‘buyer’ to a ‘seller’ of military systems. Realisation of this measure of success with the programme is a result of: (i) Networking with National and International resources, (ii) Synchronous generation of critical technologies and creation of (iii) Continuous interactions with the User Service that led to mutual infrastructure for integration and testing as the Mission system was evolving through co-ordinated efforts of dedicated work-centres, and understanding on the desired product and user confidence in the developed system. Nation has thus established capability in an advanced area of military systems and User Services are looking up to Indigenous R&D for their future needs. This is setting a new trend and hope for the Nation. Curriculum Vitae of Dr. S. Christopher: Dr. S. Christopher obtained his BE (Hons) in Electronics & Communication Engineering from College of Engineering, Guindy, University of Madras and M.Tech in Microwaves and Radar Engineering from IIT, Kharagpur. He joined IIT, Madras, as Project Associate in 1980, and carried out research in Microwave Antenna Design and Near-field Measurement Techniques. He obtained PhD in Antenna and Measurement Techniques from IIT, Madras. After completing his PhD, Dr S Christopher worked for M/s Bharat Electronics, Ghaziabad, as Senior Engineer, from 1985 to 1988 and designed antenna for Digital Tropo-scatter Communication system. He then joined Electronics and Radar Development Establishment (LRDE) as Scientist-'D' and rose to Scientist 'G' and worked on many projects. He led a team to create the Automated Planar near Field Measurement Facility at LRDE for the first time in the country, which paved way for the electronically scanned array antenna evaluation at LRDE. He was Project Director for LCA Multi-Mode Radar and led the team for designing and developing slotted array technology, which was used for several airborne and missile projects including export to Poland, which was a first ever export from LRDE. He was also Project Director for ASP project and for development of the Maritime Patrol Airborne Radar, Super Vision 2000, for the Indian Navy. Dr S Christopher joined the Centre for Air-Borne Systems (CABS) and assumed charge as Programme Director for the Airborne Early Warning and Control (AEW&C) programme. Dr S Christopher was appointed Director, CABS, in addition to his responsibility as Programme Director (AEW&C) in 2007. Dr S Christopher was elevated to the rank of Distinguished Scientist in 2012. The AEW&C programme is one of the flagship programmes of DRDO for the design and development of indigenous AWACS.