Copyright 2015 The Institute for Social Accountability (TISA) This document is prepared for public use and dissemination. However any reproduction should acknowledge the source. Design & Layout The Design Desk [email protected] Printing Myner Logistics ltd P.O Box 910-00200 Nairobi. TABLE OF CONTENTS 1.0 LISTS OF FIGURES, TABLES AND ACRONYMS 3 1.1 List of Figures 3 1.2 List of Tables 4 1.3 List of Acronyms 5 2.0 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT 6 3.0 EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 7 3.1 Background 7 3.2 Major Findings of the Program 8 3.3 Achievements of the PP-SA Program 9 3.4 Key recommendations moving forward 10 4.0 EMERGING PRACTICE AND LESSONS IN PUBLIC PARTICIPATION IN THE COUNTY PLANNING AND BUDGET PROCESS 11 4.1 Introduction 11 4.2 The Public Participation and Social Accountability (PP-SA) Program 13 5.0 METHODOLOGY 15 5.1 Stages of the public participation and social accountability program 15 5.2 County selection criteria 15 5.3 Engagement tools 16 5.4 County government engagement 17 5.5 National advocacy 17 6.0 COUNTY SPECIFIC ENGAGEMENTS 18 6.1 Baringo County 18 6.1.1 Introduction 19 6.1.2 County engagement 19 6.1.3 County Government induction 19 6.1.4 County Public Participation Bill process 20 6.1.5 Civil society coordination 20 6.1.6 Community Engagement 21 6.1.7 Findings and opportunities for future engagement 22 6.1.8 Success Stories 23 6.2 Kitui County 25 6.2.1 Introduction 25 6.2.2 County Engagement 26 6.2.3 County officials’ engagement 26 6.2.4 Public participation bill process 26 6.2.5 Civil society engagement 27 6.2.6 Civil society engagement in the budget process 27 6.2.7 Community conversations 28 6.2.8 Success story 29 6.2.9 Social Audits 30 6.2.10 Kitui Community Level Infrastructure Development Program (CLIDP) 30 6.2.11 Findings and opportunities for future engagement 30 Jihusishe, Kaunti yangu Jukumu langu 1 6.3 Nairobi City County 31 6.3.1 Introduction 31 6.3.2 County engagement 32 6.3.3 County Government induction 32 6.3.4 County public participation bill process 32 6.3.5 Civil society engagement in the county budget process 32 6.3.6 Community conversations 33 6.3.7 Findings and lessons from community engagement 34 6.3.8 Successes and challenges 35 6.3.9 Findings and opportunities for future engagement 36 6.4 Marsabit County 37 6.4.1 Introduction 37 6.4.2 County engagement (approach) 37 6.4.3 County Government Induction 38 6.4.4 County public participation bill process 38 6.4.5 Civil society coordination 39 6.4.6 Civil society engagement in the county budget process 39 6.4.7 Community engagement 39 6.4.8 Findings and opportunities for future engagement 42 6.5 Turkana County 43 6.5.1 Introduction 43 6.5.2 County Engagement 44 6.5.3 County Government induction 44 6.5.4 County public participation bill process 45 6.5.5 Civil society coordination 45 6.5.6 Civil society engagement in the county budget process 45 6.5.7 Findings and opportunities for future engagement 49 7.0 THE COUNTY BUDGET ECONOMIC FORUM (CBEF) 50 7.1 Introduction 50 7.2 Establishment of CBEF 51 7.3 Composition 51 7.4 Nomination 52 7.5 Recommendations 54 8.0 NATIONAL LEVEL ENGAGEMENT 55 9.0 OUTREACH AND SENSITIZATION CAMPAIGN 57 9.1 Introduction 57 9.2 SMS platform 57 9.3 Social media 58 9.4 Infographics and sensitization tools 59 10.0 MAIN FINDINGS 60 10.1 Summary of findings on issues affecting public participation 60 10.2 Achievements of the PP-SA Program 61 10.3 Challenges in the implementation of the PP-SA program 62 10.4 Way forward 63 10.5 Conclusion 64 Jihusishe, Kaunti yangu Jukumu langu 2 LISTS OF FIGURES, TABLES AND ACRONYMS 1.1 LIST OF FIGURES Figure 1: Continuum of Public Participation 13 Figure 2: Integrated Supply and Demand by Embedding Accountability into Government Systems 14 Figure 3: Stages in the PP-SA Program 15 Figure 4: Map of Baringo County 18 Figure 5: Community Conversations Attendees in County Government of Baringo 21 Figure 6: Baringo South Residents Participating in a Peaceful Demonstration to Advocate for Review of Security Interventions on 2nd April 2015 at Margiat Township 24 Figure 7: Ilchamus Ward Community Member Leading the Community in Identification of Community Priority Needs During a Community Conversation on 9th April 2015 at Ntebes ECD Centre 24 Figure 8: Map of Kitui County 25 Figure 9: A Section of the Media Highlights on the Signature Collection 26 Figure 10: A Section of Kitui FY 2014/15 Budget 27 Figure 11: Number of Community Members Reached During the 1st Phase 28 Figure 12: Participants Volunteering for Community Vigil Group at Mutonguni Ward 29 Figure 13: Map of Nairobi City County 31 Figure 14: Map of Marsabit County 37 Figure 15: County Leaders Meeting under PP-SA Programme in County Government of Marsabit 38 Figure 16: County Government of Marsabit Community Engagement Attendees (Phase 1) by Gender 40 Figure 17: County Government of Marsabit Community Engagement Attendees (Phase 2) by Gender 40 Figure 18: A Section of Women in Dukana and Loiyangalani Ward’s Community Conversations 41 Figure 19: Map of Turkana County 43 Figure 20: Total Attendance of Turkana Community Conversations by Ward and Gender 46 Figure 21: TISA And CJPC Staff Boat Ridea Community Conversations Forum in Long’ech– Turkana 47 Figure 22: Chief Responding to Kanamkemer Ward Residents’ Issues 48 Figure 23: SMS Training in County Government of Kitui 58 Figure 24: TISA Social Media Excerpt 58 Figure 25: Infographic in the Gender Representation at the County Assembly 59 Figure 26: Issues Affecting Public Participation 60 Jihusishe, Kaunti yangu Jukumu langu 3 1.2 LIST OF TABLES Table 1: Constitutional Provisions for Public Participation 11 Table 2: Selected Composition and Nomination Indicators 51 Table 3: Proposed Additions to the Nominated Representatives 52 Table 4: County Organised Groups 53 Table 5: Cost of one Community Conversation Meeting 53 Table 6: Budget – Transport and Infrastructure 54 Jihusishe, Kaunti yangu Jukumu langu 4 1.3 LIST OF ACRONYMS ANSA-EAP Affiliated Network for Social Accountability in East Asia and the Pacific CAP Community Action Plan CBEF County Budget and Economic Forum CBO Community Based Organization CDF Constituency Development Fund CEDGG Centre for Enhancing Democracy and Good Governance CHRCE Centre for Human Rights and Citizen Education CJPC Catholic Justice and Peace Commission CSO Civil Society Organization DFRD District Focus of Rural Development (DFRD) EDCE Early Childhood Development Education FY Financial Year HSNP Hunger Safety Net Programme IBP International Budget Partnership IEA Institute for Economic Affairs KSG Kenya School of Government LASDAP Local Authority Service Delivery Action Plan MOU Memorandum of Understanding MTEF Medium Term Expenditure Framework MUHURI Muslims for Human Rights NSAs Non-State Actors PACODEO Pastoralist Community Development Organization PP-SA Public Participation and Social Accountability ROK Republic of Kenya SALG Social Accountability Learning Group TAP Transparency Accountability Participation TISA The Institute for Social Accountability TWADO Turkana Women and Development Organization WDF Ward Development Fund Jihusishe, Kaunti yangu Jukumu langu 5 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT The Public Participation–Social Accountability Program was designed to support the imple- mentation of the constitutional and legal provisions of devolved government in Kenya. It was informed by the need to hold government accountable for adherence to the law and to empower citizens by enabling them to use the law toward the realisation of the public good. Although conceptualised by The Institute for Social Accountability (TISA), the program was brought to life by her dedicated partners. We are honoured to be associated with institu- tions both Civil Society and government which are dedicated to the success of devolution in Kenya. First and foremost, I wish to acknowledge and appreciate the dedication and commitment of our partners who have given us a footprint in the Counties. Cornelius Oduor and Evans Kibet (Centre for Enhancing Democracy and Good Governance-CEDGG, Baringo County), Florence Ndeti and Bernard Ochieng (Catholic Justice and Peace Commission-CJPC Kitui County), Charles Ekal and Sister Atoot (Catholic Justice and Peace Commission-CJPC Lod- war, Turkana County) and Stephen Gorai, Joseph Achumi and Josphat Musbey (Pastoralist Community Development Organization – PACODEO Marsabit, Marsabit County) in imple- menting this program. This program would not have been possible without the support of the County Govern- ments which agreed to cooperate with us namely; The County Government of Baringo, The County Government of Kitui, The County Government of Marsabit, TheNairobi City County and the County Government of Turkana. I wish to acknowledge the individual commitment of Hon. Speaker Geoffrey Kaituko (County Government of Turkana) H.E. Dr.Julius Makau Malombe (Governor, County Government of Kitui), Mr. Gregory Mwakanongo; Executive Committee Member - Finance & Economic Planning (Nairobi City County) Simon Nzivwa Mundu; Executive Committee Member - Finance and Economic Planning (County Govern- ment of Kitui) I am especially grateful to our civil society partners in The Devolution Forum for their con- tributions into what became the civil society version of the county public participation bill. I also wish to thank our consultants Mugambi Laibuta (IndependentConsultant) and Jason Kabera of Syntax International. This report has been complied with the inputs of the TISATEAM. Thanks especially to the county conversations team of Kevin Sudi, Pascaline Mulwa, Caroline Kioko, and Rachael Gichuki. I am grateful to Rosemary Irungu for her contribution on the budget elements of the program and report.