Art Gallery of New South Wales Expansion: Sydney Modern Heritage Impact Statement Report prepared for the Art Gallery of NSW April 2018 Sydney Office Level 6 372 Elizabeth Street Surry Hills NSW Australia 2010 T +61 2 9319 4811 Canberra Office 2A Mugga Way Red Hill ACT Australia 2603 T +61 2 6273 7540 GML Heritage Pty Ltd ABN 60 001 179 362 www.gml.com.au GML Heritage Report Register The following report register documents the development and issue of the report entitled Art Gallery of NSW Expansion: Sydney Modern—Heritage Impact Statement, undertaken by GML Heritage Pty Ltd in accordance with its quality management system. Job No. Issue No. Notes/Description Issue Date 15-0518B 2 Revised Preliminary Draft 19 October 2017 15-0518B 3 Final—SSDA Submission 2 November 2017 15-0518B 4 Revised Final—RtS Submission Test of Adequacy 28 March 2018 15-0518B 5 Revised Final—RtS Final Lodgement 17 April 2018 Quality Assurance GML Heritage Pty Ltd operates under a quality management system which has been certified as complying with the Australian/New Zealand Standard for quality management systems AS/NZS ISO 9001:2008. The report has been reviewed and approved for issue in accordance with the GML quality assurance policy and procedures. Project Manager: Emma McGirr Project Director & Claire Nunez Reviewer: Issue No. 5 Issue No. 5 Signature Signature Position: Consultant Position: Associate Date: 17 April 2018 Date: 17 April 2018 Copyright Historical sources and reference material used in the preparation of this report are acknowledged and referenced at the end of each section and/or in figure captions. Reasonable effort has been made to identify, contact, acknowledge and obtain permission to use material from the relevant copyright owners. Unless otherwise specified or agreed, copyright in this report vests in GML Heritage Pty Ltd (‘GML’) and in the owners of any pre-existing historic source or reference material. Moral Rights GML asserts its Moral Rights in this work, unless otherwise acknowledged, in accordance with the (Commonwealth) Copyright (Moral Rights) Amendment Act 2000. GML’s moral rights include the attribution of authorship, the right not to have the work falsely attributed and the right to integrity of authorship. Right to Use GML grants to the client for this project (and the client’s successors in title) an irrevocable royalty-free right to reproduce or use the material from this report, except where such use infringes the copyright and/or Moral Rights of GML or third parties. GML Heritage Contents Page Executive Summary .............................................................................................................................................. i Scope .................................................................................................................................................................... i Project Background and Evolution ...................................................................................................................... i Key Findings ........................................................................................................................................................ ii Mitigation Measures ........................................................................................................................................... iv Endnotes ............................................................................................................................................................ vii 1.0 Introduction ..................................................................................................................................................... 1 1.1 Project Background ...................................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 Statutory Context for Heritage ..................................................................................................................... 1 1.2.1 State Significant Development .............................................................................................................. 1 1.3 Study Area Location ..................................................................................................................................... 2 1.4 Methodology .................................................................................................................................................. 5 1.4.1 Overview ................................................................................................................................................. 5 1.4.2 Assessment of Heritage Significance ................................................................................................... 6 1.4.3 Assessment of Heritage Impact ............................................................................................................ 6 1.4.4 Aboriginal Heritage ................................................................................................................................ 7 1.4.5 Historical Archaeological Assessment ................................................................................................. 8 1.4.6 Heritage Stakeholder Consultation ....................................................................................................... 8 1.5 Description of the Proposal .......................................................................................................................... 9 1.5.1 Changes to the Design and Design Evolution—April 2018 ................................................................ 9 1.6 Limitations ..................................................................................................................................................... 9 1.7 Terminology and Abbreviations ................................................................................................................... 9 1.8 Author Identification .................................................................................................................................... 10 2.0 Historical Overview ...................................................................................................................................... 11 2.1 Aboriginal Occupation and History ............................................................................................................ 11 2.2 The Domain—Crescent and Yurong Precincts ........................................................................................ 12 2.3 Cowper’s Wharf and West Woolloomooloo Bay ...................................................................................... 14 2.4 Construction of the Oil Tanks ..................................................................................................................... 23 2.5 The Gallery’s Origins .................................................................................................................................. 30 2.5.1 Twentieth-Century Surrounding Developments ................................................................................ 32 2.5.2 The Art Barn ......................................................................................................................................... 33 2.5.3 Walter Liberty Vernon—‘A People’s Gallery’ ..................................................................................... 33 2.5.4 A Burgeoning Collection ...................................................................................................................... 35 2.5.5 The Gallery Grows ............................................................................................................................... 36 2.5.6 An Expanding Role: Building Extensions and Public Programs ...................................................... 38 2.5.7 New Directions: Towards Sydney Modern......................................................................................... 40 2.6 Endnotes ..................................................................................................................................................... 42 3.0 Built Heritage and Landscape .................................................................................................................... 47 3.1 Introduction .................................................................................................................................................. 47 3.2 Physical Analysis ........................................................................................................................................ 47 3.2.1 Art Gallery of NSW............................................................................................................................... 47 3.2.2 Exteriors ................................................................................................................................................ 47 Art Gallery of NSW Expansion: Sydney Modern—Heritage Impact Statement, April 2018 GML Heritage 3.2.3 Interiors ................................................................................................................................................ 52 3.2.4 Royal Botanic Garden and Domain—Crescent, Phillip and Yurong Precincts .............................. 57 3.2.5 Oil Tanks and Pump House ............................................................................................................... 59 3.3 Heritage Items ...........................................................................................................................................