LessonsLessons learnedlearned inin EURADOSEURADOS usefuluseful forfor thethe dosimetrydosimetry ofof wildlifewildlife EURADOS Background/History EURADOS Structure Some specific EURADOS activities “relevant” to wildlife dosimetry Rick Tanner (Chairman, EURADOS WG6: Computational Dosimetry Public Heath England, Chilton, Didcot, UK) STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 1 EURADOSEURADOS e.V.:e.V.: aa sustainablesustainable networknetwork Werner Rühm ( Chairma n) Filip Vanhavere ( Vice-Chairman ) Helmut Schuhmacher (Treasurer) Jean-François Bottollier-Depois (Secretary ) Elena Fantuzzi, Roger Harrison, Joao Alves, Paola Fattibene, Zeljka Knezevic, Maria Antonia Lopez, Sabine Mayer, Saveta Milanic, Stefan Neumaier, Pavel Olko, Hannes Stadtmann, Rick Tanner, Clemens Woda (Council Members and WG Chairs) [Other contributors acknowledged where relevant] STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 2 StructureStructure ofof EURADOSEURADOS Beneficiaries Dosimetry Dosimetry research community services Industry, Voting Manufacturers Members 1 Associate Supporting Members 2 EC institutions ICRU, IEC, General ISO, IAEA, Assembly 3 EFOMP, etc Working Groups Legend Office Council 4 external assigns internal interacts Chairperson Vice-Chairperson Secretary Treasurer 1 Institutions performing or promoting research 3 Composed of representatives from Voting Members 2 Scientists contributing to EURADOS’ objectives 4 8-12 members, including Chairperson and Vice-Chairperson STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 3 3 EURADOSEURADOS VotingVoting MembersMembers 59 Voting Members from 28 European countries (Feb 2013) STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 4 WorkingWorking Groups:Groups: StatusStatus 20132013 Presently EURADOS runs 8 WGs, each consisting of 15 to 30 members WG2: Harmonization of Individual Monitoring in Europe WG3: Environmental Radiation Monitoring WG6: Computational Dosimetry WG7: Internal Dosimetry WG9: Radiation protection Dosimetry in Medicine WG10: Retrospective Dosimetry WG11: High-Energy Radiation Fields WG12: European Medical ALARA Network STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 5 IntercomparisonsIntercomparisons andand benchmarksbenchmarks (self(self -- supportingsupporting actions)actions) EURADOS Intercomparisons for whole body photon dosemeters (WG2: 2008, 2010, 2012) EURADOS Intercomparison for whole body neutron dosemeters (WG2: 2012) EURADOS Intercomparison for extremity dosemeters (2009) Intercomparison on Monte Carlo modelling of in vivo measurements of lung contamination with a Livermore phantom (WG7 & WG6) EURADOS Intercomparisons of Early Warning Network Systems (WG2: 2006, 2009, 2012) 2nd Intercomparison of the usage of Monte Carlo (WG6, 2004) 1st Intercomparison of the usage of Monte Carlo (WG6, 2000) 3rd European intercomparison exercise on internal dosimetry (1998) Trial performance tests in individual monitoring of external radiation (1998) STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 6 EURADOS WG2: HARMONIZATION OF INDIVIDUAL MONITORING IN EUROPE. Chair: Joao Alves, ITN, Portugal IntercomparisonIntercomparison 20082008 forfor WholeWhole BodyBody DosemetersDosemeters inin PhotonPhoton FieldsFields T. W. M. Grimbergen, M. Figel, A. M. Romero, H. Stadtmann and A. F. McWhan STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 7 AllAll HHp(10)(10) resultsresults STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 8 AllAll HHp(0.07)(0.07) resultsresults STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 9 EURADOS WG3: ENVIRONMENTAL RADIATION MONITORING Chair: Stefan Neumaier, PTB, Germany EURADOSEURADOS WG3WG3 intercomparisonsintercomparisons andand thethe harmonizationharmonization ofof environmentalenvironmental radiationradiation monitoringmonitoring S. Neumaier and H. Dombrowski Physikalisch-Technische Bundesanstalt (PTB), Bundesallee 100, 38116 Braunschweig, Germany STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 10 Radioactive plumes and large scale contaminations in Europe RadioactiveRadioactive plumsplums STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 11 STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 12 Early warning dosimetry network stations in Europe About 4700 stations … …provide dose rate data to EURDEP and hence to EC on an hourly basis! Real time dose rate data are of key importance for the ECURIE-systems! STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 S. Neumaier, PTB 6.3 13 13 -430 m: „radiation free“ environment cosmic radiation Monitoring of „radioactive plume“ simulation cosmic- & terrestrial radiation STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 14 r Response to cosmic radiation: SCR Cosmic component at the platform 70 -1 60 50 40 30 20 Dose rate instruments 10 PTB reference value H*(10) doserate nSv·h / 0 001/ 002/ 082/ 091/ 113/ 122/ 081/ 112/ 121/ 123/ 101/ 102/ 111/ 083/ IC IC IC IC IC IC GM GM GM GM PC PC PC PSc Instrument r R R H SCR = ( platform - B)/ *(10) SCR H ±±± -1 PTB reference value: *(10) SCR = (36 3) nSv h STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 15 PlumePlume simulation:simulation: ResultsResults 081/GM 091/IC 200 200 180 180 -1 160 -1 160 140 140 120 120 100 100 80 80 60 60 H*(10) rate / nSv·h H*(10) rate / nSv·h 40 40 20 20 0 0 16:30 18:00 19:30 21:00 22:30 00:00 01:30 03:00 04:30 06:00 07:30 09:00 10:30 16:30 18:00 19:30 21:00 22:30 00:00 01:30 03:00 04:30 06:00 07:30 09:00 10:30 113/IC 121/GM 200 200 180 180 160 -1 160 -1 140 140 120 120 100 100 80 80 60 60 H*(10) rate / nSv ·h 40 H*(10) rate 7 nSv·h 40 20 20 0 0 16:30 18:00 19:30 21:00 22:30 00:00 01:30 03:00 04:30 06:00 07:30 09:00 10:30 16:30 18:00 19:30 21:00 22:30 00:00 01:30 03:00 04:30 06:00 07:30 09:00 10:30 STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 16 EURADOS WG6: COMPUTATIONAL DOSIMETRY Chair: Rick Tanner, PHE, UK CONSTRUCTION OF VOXEL MODELS FROM 3D MEDICAL IMAGE DATA Maria Zankl, HGMU, Germany STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 17 Construction of voxel models from 3D medical image data Image processing software Original CT slice Segmented slice Grey values: absorption Colours: identification properties numbers assigned to individual organs STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 18 Segmentation • Identifying individual organs in all slices • Assigning appropriate organ identification numbers to all pixels in all slices • Easy for • Tissues with high contrast (use grey value thresholds) • Small body sections (often: manual drawing of organ boundaries) • Difficult in all other cases due to • Large range of grey values within individual organs • Largely overlapping grey values ranges between organs • Large number of organs and slices to be segmented STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 19 Segmented data Stack of slices → 3D array of volume elements (voxel) Data per slice arranged in columns and rows of picture elements (pixel) Visible Irene Human Golem STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 20 w T – development Organ 1977 1990 2007 Gonads 0.25 0.20 0.08 Remainder Bone marrow (red) 0.12 0.12 0.12 ICRP60 : adrenals, brain, Lung 0.12 0.12 0.12 upper large intestine, Breast 0.15 0.05 0.12 small intestine, kidney, Thyroid 0.03 0.05 0.04 muscle, pancreas, spleen, Bone surfaces 0.03 0.01 0.01 thymus and uterus Remainder 0.30 0.05 0.12 Colon - 0.12 0.12 ICRP103 : adrenals, Stomach - 0.12 0.12 extrathoracic tissue, gall bladder, heart wall, Bladder - 0.05 0.04 kidneys, lymph nodes, Liver - 0.05 0.04 muscle, oral mucosa, Oesophagus - 0.05 0.04 pancreas, prostate, small Skin - 0.01 0.01 intestine, spleen, thymus, Salivary glands - - 0.01 uterus/cervix Brain - - 0.01 STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 21 WG7: INTERNAL DOSIMETRY & WG6: COMPUTATIONAL DOSIMETRY EURADOS WG6/7 INTERCOMPARISON EXERCISE ON MC MODELLING FOR THE IN - VIVO MONITORING OF AM -241 IN SKULL PHANTOMS (PART I). Tomas Vrba, Pedro Nogueira, David Broggio, Margarida Caldeira, Kevin Capello, Karin Fantínová, Catarina de Sousa Figueira, John Hunt, Debora Leone, Manohari Murugan, Olaf Marzocchi, Montse Moraleda, Jakub Osko, Arron Shutt, Soheigh Suh, Masa Takahashi, Maria A. Lopez, Rick Tenner STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 22 IntroductionIntroduction toto inin --vivovivo measurementmeasurement methodmethod calibration phantom Detection MC simulation system spectrum subject activity subject (Bq) STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 23 GeometryGeometry STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 24 DeviationDeviation fromfrom thethe measurementmeasurement –– beforebefore correctioncorrection STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 25 ObservedObserved errorerror inin simulationsimulation STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 26 DeviationDeviation fromfrom thethe measurementmeasurement –– afterafter correctioncorrection STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 27 RelativeRelative detectiondetection efficiencyefficiency atat 59.5459.54 keVkeV Maximal difference from the GM < ±5% STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 28 EURADOS WG7: INTERNAL DOSIMETRY Chair: Maria Antonia Lopez, CIEMAT, Spain Toxicology of the actinides used in the nuclear industry Dose estimates based on numerical methods - Ongoing projects at the Radiation Toxicology Laboratory, CEA, France Stéphanie Lamart « Some of the results presented in this Radiation Toxicology Laboratory document were obtained in the frame of a collaboration agreementFrench with AlternativeAREVA. The Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA) release of this document falls under the rules of this agreement » Note: wolf dosimetry contribution from David Broggio (IRSN) omitted following presentation from Tom Hinton (IRSN) STAR Workshop, Madrid 2014 | PAGE 29 29 RadiationRadiation ToxicologyToxicology LaboratoryLaboratory Research objectives and activities • To characterize the biokinetics of radionuclides (actinides) • Transfer rates between biological compartments • Retention in tissues • Excretion • To study the radiation toxicity • To develop treatment strategies Experimental methods Treatment Contamination Urine • Spectrometry Faeces • Pu isotopes, Am-241 Tissues • Histology • Inhalation or wound Rat model STAR Workshop, Madrid