O Ś WIĘ CIM ISSN 1899-4407 PEOPLE CULTURE HISTORY GGOODOOD SSPIRITSPIRITS IIYMCYMC SSHOES,HOES, BBREAD,READ, AANDND SSOUPOUP RREMEMBERINGEMEMBERING TTHEHE RREV.EV. SSTANISTANISŁAAWW MMUSIAUSIAŁ CCONCERTONCERT OOFF EENSEMBLENSEMBLE VVOIXOIX ÉÉTOUFFÉESTOUFFÉES no. 4 April 2009 Oś—Oświęcim, People, History, Culture magazine, no. 4, April 2009 EDITORIAL BOARD: Oś—Oświęcim, People, History, Culture magazine EDITORIAL The articles in our April issue include net that attracts not only personalities, test. We warmly invite you to the exhi- a text by former Auschwitz prisoner but also value-laden events.” The Good bition, which is open for viewing at the Czesław Arkuszyński, titled “Shoes and Spirits—that is, the friends and ben- Youth House of Culture in Tychy. Bread—and Soup.” These three things, efactors of the Center—met once again We also invite you to a concert in the in the author’s view, were the prime within its walls at the end of March. We auditorium of the Oświęcim music factors that determined a prisoner’s publish a full account of the ceremony. school on April 25. The performers will chances for survival or death. We are We also direct your attention to the be the French orchestra Ensemble Voix Editor: publishing the fi rst part of the article reminiscences about the Rev., Stanisław Etouffées, who for years have been Paweł Sawicki in this month’s issue. The conclusion Musiał S.J., on the fi fth anniversary of commemorating the work of compos- Editorial secretary: comes next month. his death, and to the article about the ers persecuted by the German regime. Agnieszka Juskowiak Everyone who has ever been a guest of meeting at the Jewish Center with Clila This is the 12th issue of Oś, which means Editorial board: the International Youth Meeting Center and Hadasa Bau, the daughters of the that we have been with you for a year Bartosz Bartyzel Jarek Mensfelt will surely agree with the view that “the Cracow writer, poet, and graphic artist now. Thank you sincerely for all your Bogdan Owsiany IYMC is a special, energetic place, and Józef Bau. On the fi nal page of Oś, you letters, comments, and opinions. Jadwiga Pinderska-Lech not only thanks to the crystals, but above can fi nd several exceptional works by Paweł Sawicki Leszek Szuster all thanks to the splendid people thanks the young participants in the 11th an- Editor-in-chief Artur Szyndler to whom the Center is a veritable mag- nual People Did This to Other People con- [email protected] Columnist: Mirosław Ganobis Design and layout: Agnieszka Matuła, Grafi kon Translations: William Brand A GALLERY Proofreading: Beata Kłos OF THE 20TH CENTURY Cover: Olga Chrapek The State Synthetic Plant Industrial Ludyga was director of the Schools was carried out, with a separate Night Photographer: Tomasz Mól School opened in Dwory in 1947. It had Complex, with Karol Kałuża as his as- School being set up. mechanical, electrical, and chemical de- sistant in charge of the Chemical Tech- Since 1976, the complex of three partments. It was located in the barracks nical School and Adam Wolański in schools—the Chemical Technical PUBLISHER: on Chemików street. The State Chemi- charge of the General Technical School. School, the General Vocational School, cal Schools Complex in Dwory opened In 1964, the schools were divided up and the Night school—have gone un- Auschwitz-Birkenau in 1950/1951, made up of the following into two units: a three-year General der the name Center for Continuing State Museum schools: the Ministry of Chemical In- Technical School, and the Chemical Education. On September 15, 1976, the dustry Chemical Technical School, the Technical School. Wiesław Bieszczad Oświęcim Chemical Plant Center for www.auschwitz.org.pl Industrial Gymnazjum and Lyceum, the was director of the Chemical Techni- Continuing Education was granted General Vocational School, and the In- cal School. At a later date, a four-year a Charter for the Naming of the Patron dustrial School. The schools and school Vocational Lyceum was opened under of the School—Ignacy Łukasiewicz. The PARTNERS: workshops were located in buildings the aegis of the Vocational Schools Inspector of Schools and Education in outside gate H of the plant. Szczepan Complex, and a further reorganization Bielsko-Biała established the long form Jewish of the name of the school: The Ignacy Center Łukasiewicz Oświęcim Chemical Plant Center for Continuing Education. www.ajcf.pl An Intermediate Vocational School was set up in 1979, and a Post-Secondary Vo- cational School in 1984, which offered Center for Dialogue certifi cation, economic, safety, and for- and Prayer eign-language courses. Since 1976, it has Foundation been possible to study under the night school system at a branch of the Silesian www.centrum-dialogu.oswiecim.pl Polytechnic. A total of 471 students graduated from the Mechanical, Chemical, Electrical, International Youth and Measurement departments. From Meeting Center 1954 to 1984, 609 people studied at the three departments of the branch of www.mdsm.pl the Cracow Polytechnic: Mechanical, Chemical, and Construction. The Center for Continuing Educa- tion was closed in 1992. The school IN COOPERATION was renamed the Ignacy Łukasiewicz WITH: Oświęcim Chemical Plant Vocational School Complex. Four years later, the Kasztelania School Complex ceased its association www.kasztelania.pl with the plant and came under the su- pervision of the inspector of Schools and Education in Bielsko-Biała. The Sports State Higher Championships General Schools Com- Vocational School plex and the Łukasiewicz Vocational in Oświęcim Schools Complex were merged on Sep- www.pwsz-oswiecim.pl tember 1, 1999 into the Powiat No. 2 Gen- eral Sports Championships and Techni- cal Schools Complex in Oświęcim. It is Editorial address: headed by Director Piotr Kućka M.C.E., „Oś – Oświęcim, Ludzie, Historia, Kultura” while Ewa Broniarczyk, M.A., contin- Państwowe Muzeum ues to fi ll the offi ce of deputy director Auschwitz-Birkenau for secondary-school affairs. Since Sep- ul. Więźniów Oświęcimia 20 tember 1, 2001, intermediate-school ath- 32-603 Oświęcim www.kasztelania.pl letes have attended the school. e-mail: [email protected] From the Świderski family collection “A Gallery of the 20th Century” www.pz2.edu.pl 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 Oś—Oświęcim, People, History, Culture magazine, no. 4, April 2009 Auschwitz-Birkenau State Museum MUSIC FOR REMEMBRANCE he Ensemble Voix Etouffées chamber orchestra from France is appearing at the concert hall of the Oświęcim music school Ton April 25. This is part of a European tour by the group, which for years has been commemorating the work of compos- ers persecuted by the Nazi regime. The concert begins at 6:00 p.m. and admission is free. The works of composers point in the history of Ger- who were persecuted by the man anti-Semitic policy. Nazi Germans from 1933 It would have been un- to 1945 is a subject largely thinkable for the orchestra absent from the discourse to bypass the Auschwitz- about the European cultural Birkenau camp, a symbol of heritage. Two French organ- the Holocaust where many izations are attempting to musicians and composers change this: the Académie were imprisoned and mur- Lyrique and the Forum Voix dered. Etouffées (FVE). The honor- ary president of the FVE is The joint project by the FVE, Prof. Alfred Grosser, and its the Auschwitz-Birkenau patron is the renowned pi- State Museum, and the anist Paul Badura-Skoda. Karol Szymanowski First Stage State Music School Together with a team of in Oświęcim is more than international experts, they a concert of works by com- encourage professional mu- posers who either chose sicians and conservatory emigration as a way of es- students to broaden their caping Nazi persecution, or concert programs to include who were imprisoned and photo: FVE works by people whom the died in the concentration Ensemble Voix Étouffées chamber orchestra Third Reich tried to silence camps. It is also a master forever. The FVE project class for music school stu- in France. Next, they were also includes seminars and dents and an educational held in an internment center. lectures illustrating the his- session at the International Szymon Laks was deported CONCERT PROGRAM: torical context of the per- Center for Education about to Auschwitz in July 1942. secution of artists in Nazi Auschwitz and the Holo- He became the conductor of 1. Performance by students of the Karol Szymanowski Germany. The Ensemble caust, during which the mu- the camp orchestra in Birk- First Stage State Music School in Oświęcim Voix Etouffées chamber or- sicologist Professor Philippe enau. In October 1944, he chestra, directed by the con- Olivier will deliver a lecture was transferred to the camp 2. Hanns Eisler (1898-1962): Septet no. 2, The Circus ductor Amaury du Closel, about music in the concen- in Dachau, where the Ameri- works in cooperation with tration camps. can army liberated him. He 1. Allegretto the Forum. returned to Paris after the 2. Con moto The concert program features war and recorded his expe- 3. Andante A year ago, several organi- compositions by Hanns Ei- riences in books including 4. Allegretto zations in France, Germany, sler and Ernst Toch, who Music from Another World. 5. Allegretto Austria, Poland, Romania, emigrated from Nazi Ger- Alfred Tokayer was held in 6. Finale and the Czech Republic many after Hitler came to the Drancy transit camp and decided to organize a joint power. Works by Szymon sent with his parents to the 3. Szymon Laks (1901-1983): Eight Popular Jewish European concert tour to Laks, who came from Po- Sobibór death camp, where Songs commemorate the events of land, and the German Alfred he was murdered in the gas Kristallnacht in November Tokayer will also be per- chamber.