THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS This PDF is available at http://nap.edu/12526 SHARE Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals (2009) DETAILS 198 pages | 6 x 9 | PAPERBACK ISBN 978-0-309-12834-6 | DOI 10.17226/12526 CONTRIBUTORS GET THIS BOOK Committee on Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals; Institute for Laboratory Animal Research; Division on Earth and Life Studies; National Research Council FIND RELATED TITLES SUGGESTED CITATION National Research Council 2009. Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals. Washington, DC: The National Academies Press. https://doi.org/10.17226/12526. 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Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals THE NATIONAL ACADEMIES PRESS 500 Fifth Street, NW Washington, DC 20001 NOTICE: The project that is the subject of this report was approved by the Govern- ing Board of the National Research Council, whose members are drawn from the councils of the National Academy of Sciences, the National Academy of Engineer- ing, and the Institute of Medicine. The members of the Committee responsible for the report were chosen for their special competences and with regard for appropriate balance. This study was supported by the American Veterinary Medical Association; Aventis Pharmaceuticals; the Bosack-Kruger Foundation; Bristol-Myers Squibb; GlaxoSmith- Kline; Humane Society of the United States; Scientists Center for Animal Welfare; Wyeth-Ayerst Pharmaceuticals; Department of Agriculture, Animal and Plant Health Inspection Service; and Department of Health and Human Services, National Insti- tutes of Health through Contract Number N01-OD-4-2139 Task Order #161. Any opinions, findings, conclusions, or recommendations expressed in this publication are those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the organizations or agencies that provided support for the project. The content of this publication does not necessarily reflect the views or policies of the National Institutes of Health, nor does mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations imply endorsement by the US government. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data Institute for Laboratory Animal Research (U.S.). Committee on Recognition and Alleviation of Distress in Laboratory Animals. Recognition and alleviation of pain in laboratory animals / Committee on Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals, Institute for Laboratory Animal Research, Division on Earth and Life Studies, National Research Council of the National Academies. p. cm. Includes bibliographical references and index. ISBN-13: 978-0-309-12834-6 (pbk.) ISBN-10: 0-309-12834-X (pbk.) ISBN-13: 978-0-309-12835-3 (pdf) ISBN-10: 0-309-12835-8 (pdf) 1. Laboratory animals—Health. 2. Laboratory animals—Effect of stress on. 3. Pain in animals—Treatment. 4. Animal welfare. I. Title. SF406.I565 2009 636.088’5—dc22 2009042189 Additional copies of this report are available from The National Academies Press, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Lockbox 285, Washington, DC 20001; (800) 624-6242 or (202) 334-3313 (in the Washington metropolitan area); Internet, http://www.nap. edu Copyright 2009 National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals The National Academy of Sciences is a private, nonprofit, self-perpetuating society of distinguished scholars engaged in scientific and engineering research, dedicated to the furtherance of science and technology and to their use for the general welfare. Upon the authority of the charter granted to it by the Congress in 1863, the Acad- emy has a mandate that requires it to advise the federal government on scientific and technical matters. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone is president of the National Academy of Sciences. The National Academy of Engineering was established in 1964, under the charter of the National Academy of Sciences, as a parallel organization of outstanding engineers. It is autonomous in its administration and in the selection of its members, sharing with the National Academy of Sciences the responsibility for advising the federal government. The National Academy of Engineering also sponsors engineer- ing programs aimed at meeting national needs, encourages education and research, and recognizes the superior achievements of engineers. Dr. Charles M. Vest is presi- dent of the National Academy of Engineering. The Institute of Medicine was established in 1970 by the National Academy of Sciences to secure the services of eminent members of appropriate professions in the examination of policy matters pertaining to the health of the public. The Insti- tute acts under the responsibility given to the National Academy of Sciences by its congressional charter to be an adviser to the federal government and, upon its own initiative, to identify issues of medical care, research, and education. Dr. Harvey V. Fineberg is president of the Institute of Medicine. The National Research Council was organized by the National Academy of Sci- ences in 1916 to associate the broad community of science and technology with the Academy’s purposes of furthering knowledge and advising the federal government. Functioning in accordance with general policies determined by the Academy, the Council has become the principal operating agency of both the National Academy of Sciences and the National Academy of Engineering in providing services to the government, the public, and the scientific and engineering communities. The Council is administered jointly by both Academies and the Institute of Medicine. Dr. Ralph J. Cicerone and Dr. Charles M. Vest are chair and vice chair, respectively, of the National Research Council. www.national-academies.org Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals Committee on RECOGNITION AND ALLEVIATION OF PAIN IN LABORATORY ANIMALS Gerald F. Gebhart (Chair), University of Pittsburgh Allan I. Basbaum, University of California Stephanie J. Bird, Waltham, Massachusetts Paul Flecknell, Newcastle University, United Kingdom Lyndon Goodly, University of Illinois Alicia Z. Karas, Tufts University Stephen T. Kelley, University of Washington Jane Lacher, Dow Chemical Company Georgia Mason, University of Guelph, Canada Lynne U. Sneddon, University of Liverpool, United Kingdom Sulpicio G. Soriano, Harvard University Consultant Heidi L. Shafford, Veterinary Anesthesia Specialists, LLC Staff Joanne Zurlo, Director Lida Anestidou, Study Director Kathleen Beil, Administrative Coordinator Cameron H. Fletcher, Senior Editor Rhonda Haycraft, Senior Project Assistant Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals Institute for Laboratory Animal Research Council Stephen W. Barthold (Chair), University of California–Davis Kathryn A. Bayne, Association for Assessment and Accreditation of Laboratory Animal Care International, Frederick, Maryland Myrtle A. Davis, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland Jeffrey I. Everitt, GlaxoSmithKline Research and Development, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina James G. Fox, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge Nelson L. Garnett, Consultant, Laboratory Animal Care and Use Programs, Dickerson, Maryland Estelle B. Gauda, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, Maryland Coenraad F.M. Hendriksen, Netherlands Vaccine Institute, Bilthoven (to June 2008) Jon H. Kaas, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee (to June 2008) Joseph W. Kemnitz, University of Wisconsin, Madison Judy A. MacArthur Clark, Animals Scientific Procedures Inspectorate, London, United Kingdom Martha K. McClintock, University of Chicago, Illinois Leticia V. Medina, Abbott Laboratories, Abbott Park, Illinois Timo Olavi Nevalainen, University of Kuopio, Finland Bernard E. Rollin, Colorado State University, Fort Collins Abigail L. Smith, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia Stephen A. Smith, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg James E. Womack, Texas A&M University, College Station Staff Joanne Zurlo, Director Lida Anestidou, Program Officer Kathleen Beil, Administrative Coordinator Cameron H. Fletcher, Managing Editor, ILAR Journal Rhonda Haycraft, Senior Project Assistant i Copyright National Academy of Sciences. All rights reserved. Recognition and Alleviation of Pain in Laboratory Animals Institute