- I - ISSN: 1810-2174 Balochistan Review Volume XXXIV No. 1, 2016 Recognized by Higher Education Commission of Pakistan Editor: Ghulam Farooq Baloch BALOCHISTAN STUDY CENTRE UNIVERSITY OF BALOCHISTAN, QUETTA-PAKISTAN - II - Bi-Annual Research Journal “Balochistan Review” ISSN: 1810-2174 Publication of: Balochistan Study Centre, University of Balochistan, Quetta-Pakistan. @ Balochistan Study Centre 2016-1 Subscription rate in Pakistan: Institutions: Rs. 300/- Individuals: Rs. 200/- For the other countries: Institutions: US$ 15 Individuals: US$ 12 For further information please Contact: Ghulam Farooq Baloch Assistant Professor & Editor: Balochistan Review Balochistan Study Centre, University of Balochistan, Quetta-Pakistan. Tel: (92) (081) 9211255 Facsimile: (92) (081) 9211255 E-mail: [email protected] Website: www.uob.edu.pk/journals/bsc.htm No responsibility for the views expressed by authors and reviewers in Balochistan Review is assumed by the Editor, Assistant Editor and the Publisher. - III - Editorial Board Patron in Chief: Prof. Dr. Javeid Iqbal Vice Chancellor, University of Balochistan, Quetta-Pakistan. Patron Prof. Dr. Abdul Hameed Shahwani Director, Balochistan Study Centre, UoB, Quetta-Pakistan. Editor Ghulam Farooq Baloch Asstt Professor, Balochistan Study Centre, UoB, Quetta-Pakistan. Assistant Editor Waheed Razzaq Research Officer, Balochistan Study Centre, UoB, Quetta-Pakistan. Members: Prof. Dr. Andriano V. Rossi Vice Chancellor & Head Dept of Asian Studies, Institute of Oriental Studies, Naples, Italy. Prof. Dr. Saad Abudeyha Chairman, Dept. of Political Science, University of Jordon, Amman, Jordon. Prof. Dr. Bertrand Bellon Professor of Int’l, Industrial Organization & Technology Policy, University de Paris Sud, France. Dr. Carina Jahani Inst. of Iranian & African Studies, Uppsala University, Sweden. Prof. Dr. Muhammad Ashraf Khan Director, Taxila Institute of Asian Civilizations, Quaid-i-Azam University Islamabad, Pakistan. Mr. Ayub Baloch Member, Balochistan Public Service Commission, Quetta. Prof. Dr. Mehmood Ali Shah Professor Emeritus, University of Balochistan, Quetta. - IV - Guidelines/Parameters for Contributors: Following are the Guidelines/Parameters for the scholars/researchers contributing articles to the bi-annual research journal of BSC “BALOCHISTAN REVIEW ISSN: 1810-2174”. The title should appear at the middle position of the first page The brief title (5 to 7 words) with author’s name also appearing in the top-left header position in the rest of the pages (running head). All authors’ full name and affiliations should also be explicit on the first page with the corresponding author’s postal and email addresses. The article should comprise an abstract, introduction (including review literature and rationale), results, discussion (including limitations and suggestions), and the references. The abstract should be of about 150-170 words. The article should be of maximum 4000 words in New Times Roman, font 12 with 1 line Spacing. Main heading should be bold with italic subheadings. Tables and figures should be in a separate file, in a ready to print form with sources given below the tables. All statistical symbols present in the article should be italic. References should be in author/date style throughout the text in the APA format. The article should be in composed form Authors are entitled to five free off-prints and a copy of the issue in which their article is published. The articles should accompany a soft copy as well; to be sent through email preferably in MS word file format. Articles must focus on latest researches made in different fields/areas i.e. arts and crafts, architecture, archaeology, literature, language, economy, management, heritage and culture, politics, media, history etc. relevant to Balochistan. Any queries regarding the publication or acceptance of the article can be sought at the given address: Editor “Balochistan Review” Balochistan Study Centre, University of Balochistan, Quetta-Pakistan [email protected] - V - Bi-Annual Research Journal “BALOCHISTAN REVIEW” ISSN 1810-2174 Balochistan Study Centre, University of Balochistan, Quetta (Pakistan) VOL. XXXIV NO. 1, 2016 Contents Page No Archaeology & History The Commencement of the Archaeological Reconnaissances 01 in Balochistan, 1875-1947: A Chrono-historical Overview Ghulam Farooq Baloch, Shakir Naseer Waheed Razzaq & Yousaf Ali Rodeni The role and place of Mehrgarh in the development of 17 South Asian Civilizations Jahanzeb Baloch & Saeeda Mengal Language and Literature Errors in the Usage of Verbs in English Composition: 25 A Case Study of Pakistani EFL Learners Muhammad Amin The Comparative Analysis of Balochi and Brahui Folk-tales 45 Dr. Abdul Haleem Sadiq Scenography of nomadic life in Brahui Haiku 53 Hafeezullah Sarparah & Dr. Abdul Razzaq Sabir Cultural Ethics in Life of Baloch 65 Ghulam Nabi Sajid & Dr. Abdul Haleem Sadiq Political Science A Socio-Political View of Balochistan: An Overview 81 Dr. Abdul Qadir Khan & Dr. Adil Zaman Kasi Psychology Role of Personality Factors in Job Satisfaction: 93 A study conducted among Bankers at Quetta, Pakistan Muhammad Azam Tahir PhD & Muhammad Ali - VI - Sociology Determining Rehabilitation under Probation System: 105 Demographic Differences of Offenders in Punjab Province, Pakistan Javed Iqbal Khokhar, Dr Saif-ur-Rehman Saif Abbasi & Qamar Abbas Jafri Tube-well Irrigation as Sustainable Source of Rural Economy 115 in Inyatullah Karez District Killa Abdullah, Balochistan Ashrafullah & Dr Syed Ainuddin Social Work Vulnerability Factors and Socio-economic Impacts 123 of Drought in Balochistan (A Case Study of District Nushki) Mohammad Yousuf & Mohammad Nasir Social Stigmas Attached to Women’s Participation 139 in Sports in Pakistan Asif Naveed Ranjha, Sadia Barrech, Muhammad Arshad & Aftab Hussain Gilani The Role Assessment of Benazir Income 153 Support Program in Women Empowerment Shah Khalid Baloch, Abdul Wahid Khetran & Atta Ullah Baloch Social Sciences Social and Cultural Barrier to female Education 163 in Balochistan; an Assessment study with focus on district Pishin Dr. Bashir Kakar, Dr. Usman Tobwal, Dr. Kaleemullah Bareach, & Dr. Rana Saba Sultan The Educational Legacy of Paulo Freire 173 Abdul Qadir, Zahir Mengal & Mumtaz Ali Book Review Between Politics and Literature. A similarity between 179 Machiavelli and the author of: The Gift of Viziers Transcript by Abu-Mansour Al-Tha'alibi Professor Dr. Saad AbuDayeh & Dr. Haneen Abudayeh - 1 - Bi-Annual Research Journal “BALOCHISTAN REVIEW” ISSN 1810-2174 Balochistan Study Centre, University of Balochistan, Quetta (Pakistan) VOL. XXXIV NO. 1, 2016 The Commencement of the Archaeological Reconnaissances in Balochistan, 1875-1947: A Chrono-historical Overview Archaeology & History Ghulam Farooq Baloch1, Shakir Naseer2 Waheed Razzaq3 & Yousaf Ali Rodeni4 Abstract The archaeological consideration of Balochistan has been known long ago to the British travelers, army officers, and explorers, such as Henery Pottinger (1810) Charles Masson (1843), Major Mockler (1875), and Colonel Holdich (1891); they all experienced the archaeology of this region in different time periods. In general, the proper archaeological approach (cultural-historical) has been applied by Stein (1904), Hargreaves (1924), Ross (1935), Piggott (1943-44), Matheson (1945), and de Cardi (1948-57). Moreover, these all archaeologists gave a brief introductory switch to the later extensive archaeological activities carried out by foreign and local missions in Balochistan. The cultural-historical approach hypothesized that the Indus Valley Civilization is posterior to early Meso-Iranian Civilization; while in later stages it was theorized after the exceptional discovery of Mehrgarh. The discovery changed the course of the ancient history of South-West Asia. Prior to the discovery of Mehrgarh serious academic debates were going on regarding the buff- ware and red-ware cultural sites between South Asia and South West Asia. Both Piggott and McCown professed the red/buff ware cultures of IVC are the early products of Iranian provinces. Mehrgarh the parental site of buff ware culture, and Killi Gul Muhammad for red ware culture, manifested these two cultures as indigenous products of this region. Keywords: Archaeology, Balochistan, Sites, discovery, exploration, excavation 1 Assistant Professor, Balochistan Study Centre, University of Balochistan Quetta. Pakistan 2 M.Phil. Scholar, Department of Archaeology, University of Peshawar, Pakistan 3 Research Officer, Balochistan Study Centre, University of Balochistan Quetta, Pakistan 4 Assistant Professor, Pakistan Study Centre, University of Balochistan Quetta, Pakistan - 2 - Introduction It was the European sailors and travelers of the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries, who noticed the living temples and ancient monuments of India for the first time in archaeological history of the subcontinent (Chakarbarti 326:1982). In 1814 the first Indian Museum was established in Calcutta, India aimed at to assemblage the antiquities of the subcontinent, such as the arts, science, literature, and so on (Morley 1981: 10). On 15th January 1784, William Jones pioneered the annual journal Asiatic Society; it was published in 1788 for the first time. The technical and proper archaeological explorations began in the Subcontinent in 1861 under the direction of Sir Alexander Cunningham (1814-1893). Later on, however, he was deemed as the father of Archaeological Survey of India. He was both a British army engineer and