Census of India, 1931 VOLUME ,XVII PUNJAB PART IV. ADMINISTRATIVE VOLlJME BY KHA~ AHMAD HASAN KHAN, M.A., K.S., SUPERINTENDENT OF CENSUS OPERATIONS, PUNJAB & DELHI. Lahore FmN'l'ED AT THE GOVERNMENT PRINTING PRESS, PUNJAB. 1933 Revised L.ist of Agents for the Sale of Punja b Government Pu hlications. ON THE CONTINENT AND UNITED KINGDOM. Publications obtainable either direct from the High Oommissioner for India. at India House, Aldwych. London. W. O. 2. or through any book­ seller :- IN INDIA. The GENERAL MANAGER, "The Qaumi Daler" and the Union Press, Amritsar. Messrs. D. B.. TARAPOREWALA. SONS & Co., Bombay. Messrs. W. NEWMAN & 00., Limite:>d, Calolltta. Messrs. THAOKER SPINK & Co., Calcutta. Messrs. RAMA KaIsHN A. & SONS, Lahore The SEORETARY, Punjab Religiolls Book Sooiety, Lahore. The University Book Agency, Kaoheri Road, Labore. L. RAM LAL SURI, Proprietor, " The Students' Own Agency," Lahore. L. DEWAN CHAND, Proprietor, The Mercantile Press, Lahore. The MANAGER, Mufid-i-'Am Press. Lahore. The PROPRIETOR, Punjab Law BOQk Mart, Lahore. Thp MANAGING PROPRIETOR. The Commercial Book Company, Lahore. Messrs. GOPAL SINGH SUB! & Co., Law Booksellers and Binders, Lahore. R. S. JAln\.A. Esq., B.A., B.T., The Students' Popular Dep6t, Anarkali, Lahore. Messrs. R. CAl\IBRAY & Co •• 1l.A., Halder La.ne, BowbazlU' P.O., Calcutta. Messrs. B. PARIKH & Co. Booksellers and Publishers, Narsinhgi Pole. Baroda. • Messrs. DES BROTHERS, Bo(.ksellers and Pnblishers, Anarkali, Lahore. The MAN AGER. The Firoz Book Dep6t, opposite Tonga Stand of Lohari Gate, La.hore. The MANAGER, The English Book Dep6t. Taj Road, Agra. ·The MANAGING PARTNER, The Bombay Book Depbt, Booksellers and Publishers, Girgaon, Bombay. ·The PROPRIlIlTOB~ The Book Company, Calcutta. ·Messrs. CUATTEBJI & Co., Booksellers, 204, Cornwallis Street, Calolltta. ·The MANAGBB, Standard Book Dep6t, Lahore• • '.rhe PROPBIE'rOB, Aftab Punjab General Law Book Agency, Lahore• • The MANAGER, Oxford Book and Stationary Co., The Mall, Labore. ·The PnoPRIETOB, City Book Co., Post Box No. 283, Madras. "The MANAGER, The New Book De~t, No. 79, The Mall, Simla. • These firms ..ill be allowed dUooant at 16%. TABLE OF CONTENTS. Paragraph. Subjeot. CHAPTER I.-Enumeration. 1 Object of Administra.tion 'Report 1 2 The Census offices 1 3 Preliminary matters 2 4 Drafting and tnmslation of lOl'm8 and instructions 5 5 Provision of pa.per for forms 5 6 Printing of the Code and forms .. 5 7 Date of the Census .. 5 R Revision of the Oode and :\fanllu,l 6 !l Preliminf.lol·y Operations in Districts a,nd Statfls 6 10 Distriot Census Officf\r~ and Cpnsns Agencieil 7 11 House-numbering 9 12 Preliminary Record .. 9 IS Fina.l Oensus 10 14 Provisional Totals 10 15 Non-synchronous Oensns 18 16 Oensus of Railways ., 18 17 C(:ln",us of Cantonments 14 18 Special arrangements for frurs, encampments, pla.ntations, etc. 14 10 Supplementa.ry Census 14 20 Distribution of forms 15 21 The India.n Census Aot and tho attitude of the public 15 22 Distriot Censua expenditure 16 2S Rf'cognitfon or services 17 Statements. ... I.-Census Divisions a.nd Agency 18 I-A.-Classification of Census Agency-Urban and Rura.l 19 II.-Number of forms supplied and. used .. 24 IH.-District Oensus expenditure (Enumeration) 25 CHAPTER IJ.-Slip.... copying, Sorting and Compilation. Slip-copying. 24 Introductory 26 25 Paper for abstraction 26 26 Form of slip 26 27 Printing of slips and forms 27 28 Slip-copying 28 29 Furniture 23 Sorting. " SO General 29 81 Sorting Centres 29 82 Accommodation 29 S3 Esta blishment 29 34 Stationery so 85 Disbursement of pay SO 86 Permanent advance .. 80 87 Furniture 80 8~ Making up boxes for sorting 80 :19 Oounting the slips 80 40 Modification of census tables 80 41 Order in whioh tables were taken up for sorting 81 42 Standard task S2 49 System of fines a.nd rewards 32 44 Storage of slips 32 45 Village Tables .. S~ 2 Paragraph. Subjeot. Page•. Oompilation. 46 General •• 32 47 Accommodation 3S 48 Stationery SS 49 Disbursement of pay 38 50 Budget:. .. 38 51 Permanent advance .. 33 52 Furniture. o •. 33 53 Establishment 33 Statements. I.-Copying the slips 35 II.-Sol·ting 37 CHAPTER Ill-Expenditure. .. 54 System of Accounts 38 55 Expenditure 38 Statement. I.-Census expenditure 40 APPENDICES. A.-List of census papers preserved in Districts and States 1 B.-Occupations returned iii C.-Actual entries returned in the Census Schedules but thrown into the selected castes specified in Ta.ble XVII xxvii D.-List of files, oompilation registers a.nd other record preserved for use at the next census xxxi ADMINISTRA TION REPORT ON THE CENSUS OPERATIONS, PUNJAB 1931. CHAPTER I. Enumeration. 1. This part of the Census Report, called the Administrative VoluIIle~ Obje~t .of . is mainly intended to enable the officers who will carry out the next census to ~::R~~!r::: bemdit by the experience of the present occasion. It deals with the census pro- . cedure used in the Provinces of the Punjab and Delhi, as constituted in 1931. Besides the instructions issued by the Census CommisBioner for India, the records of the present census, detailed in Appendix A, are being preserved in. the. Punjab Civil Secretariat for my successor's guidance.. Most of the instrtic- tions issued in connection \yith the census operations are embodied in the Punjab Census Code in two Parts,-Part 1-.Enumeration, and Part II-·Tabulation an.d Compilation. Frequent references to the Code will have -to- be.' made in this Volume. - 2. In the introduction to the. Punjab Census Report, Part. I, is narrated t~c~:~.us a .short account of the census operations. These were conducted by means of live offices, of which the Head office whioh was my own office was the first to be established and the last to disappear. Almost immediately' after the Final Enumeratiou two Sorting offices at Lahore and one at Delhi, each in charge of a Deputy Superintendent, who was a P. C.. S. officer, were opened. The fifth office, known as the Compilation office, began to function at the same: ~ime with a small staff. A full description of these offices will be found in Chapt~r.ll. _. I t90k over on the-1st April 19S0, and. the first .thing I did.was to}organize the office, Like my predecessors I started with one clerK arid ,two peons. The clt1rk employed was a steno-typist, but I had soon to give.. him' .up in favour of u:n ,experienced office ha.t:ld, who could use the typewriter aud ~was a good ac­ countant and translator, and ,whom a year.and a q~arterTatei'T}vas able.to ~ro~ lp.ote to the post of Head Clerk. ,In July I had to eng_a_g~ a 'Head. ·GlE;lrk ill VIew of the. pressure of work, and early in the winter my office' was iIi iulrsmng. The sanctioned scale of my establishment is noted- below:- .- Rs. Head Clerk ... 280-10-250 (From 18th Septem­ - ber 1981 the scale was .' reduced to a fi~~d pay of Rs. 200 per ,mensem). Second Clerk 120-5~130 Third Clerk .. .80-5-90 With a local inowance of Ra. 5 which was aUDSElquently re­ dUCE;ld to Rs. 3 from . 1st .. December 1931. Fourth Clerk 60-5-70 .Ditto. Daftri 20-2-24 With a local allowance of Rs. 2 per mensem. Two orderlies and two 14 0 0 Eac.h with_.;a local office peons. allowance of Re. 1. The Government of India had delegated to the Local Government powers to create posts up to a maximum pay of Rs. 250 per menserp., and in regard to my own office I had to approach the Local Government for sanction to the crea­ tion of posts. No mention has been made of the Personal -Assistant, although his pay and that of his orderly are chargeable to the head "A-Superintendence." He assumed charge of his duties on the 24th December 1930· or~ two' months before the Final Census. His main task then was to as~ist me .. in preparing the second and third Chapt-ers of the Code, which deal with Sorting ~nd Compilation, and in getting ready for the work immediately following- the ,Final Census, PUNJAB OENSUS REPORT, 1931. During the summer months of 1930 the Second Clerk helped me in trans­ lating the Code. The Head Clerk was mainly an Accountant, and the Third Clerk, who was employed as a stenographer, became the Second Clerk a year later, when the Head Clerk left, his place being taken by the Second Clerk. The Fourth Clerk was the Record-keeper. When time came for the maps to be prepared for the Report, a whole-time Draftsman was not employed, the services of a Draftsman in the office of the Director of Land Records, Punjab, being utilized for the purpose on payment of an honorarium. Of course, I engaged a compiler, who could prepare skeleton maps every now and then. This method was found economical. Preliminary 3. The first business of the Superintendent is to get to know how to conduct Matter.. the Census operations, and for this purpose he should carefully study the census files, to be left over for his guidance by his predecessor, and thereafter to study the census literature and the reports and statistics of previous censuses in the Pro­ vince. There will be plenty of time for this later on, but he should get busy with organising the work at once. The Census Code sets forth in clear terms what is to be done from time to time, but apart from that there are some matters, which nee(l his early attention and will supply work for his office establishment, and the 1931 files dealing with this should be gone through as soon as he takes up his duties.