aspirantforum.com News of OctoberTHE CRUX 2020 OF THE HINDU AND PIB THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND THE PIB Vol. 74 OCTOBERImportant News In the Field oF 2020 VOL.74National Economy Internatioonal India and the World Science, Tech and Environment Misclleneous News aspirantforum.com Aspirant Forum AN INITIATIVE BY UPSC ASPIRANTS Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB OCTOBER Aspirant Forum is a Community for the OCTOBER 2020 2020 UPSC Civil Services (IAS) Aspirants, VOL.74 VOL.74 to discuss and debate the various things related to the exam. We welcome an active participation from the fellow members to Editorial Team: enrich the knowledge of all PIB Compilation: Nikhil Gupta The Hindu Compilation: The Crux will be published online Shakeel Anwar for free on 10th of every month. Shahid Sarwar We appreciate the friends and Karuna Thakur followers for apprepreciating our Designed by: effort. For any queries, guidance Anupam Rastogi needs and support, Please contact at: [email protected] You may also follow our website Aspirantforum.com for free online coaching and guidance for IAS Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB Contents OCTOBER 2020 VOL.74 National News..................5 Economy News...............42 International News..........72 India and the World........108 Science and Technology + aspirantforum.com Environment...................aspirantforum.com129 Miscellaneous News an Events............................186 Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB About the ‘CRUX’ OCTOBER 2020 Introducing a new and convenient product, to help the aspirants for the various public services examinations. The knowledge of the Current Affairs constitute VOL.74 an indispensable tool for all the recruitment examinations today.However, an aspirant often finds it difficult to read and memorize all the current affairs, from an exam perspective.The Newspapers and magazines are full of information, that may or may not be useful for the exams. Thus, acandidate is forced to spend a substantial amount of his time in selecting and maintaining notes for the current affairs. Another problem is that it is difficult to get every bit of information, relevant from the exam perspective at oneplace. Thus, candidates are often found wasting their time in search of current affairs material. It is with this problem in mind that we have come up with the GIST of The Hindu and Press Information Bureau(PIB). The whole concept of the CRUX is to provide you with a summary of the important news and current affairs,from an exam point of view. By reading the CRUX, you will be able to save your precious time and effort, as you get all the relevant matter in a summarized and convenient form. The Crux is particularly helpful for the Civil Services, Banking, SSC and other exams that have a current affairs section.The material is being provided in such a manner that it is helpful for both- objective and descriptive sections. Our aim is to help the candidates in their effort to get through the examinations. Your efforts and dedication inspire us to keep going. It is our sincere effort to make your journey easier. Best Wishes Editorial Board Teamaspirantforum.com Aspirant Forum Courtesy: The Hindu Press Information Bureau (PIB) Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB OCTOBER 2020 VOL.74 National aspirantforum.com aspirantforum.com National Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB German Chancellor accuses China of ‘cruel treatment’ of minorities German Chancellor Angela Merkel accused China of “poor and cruel treatment” OCTOBER of minorities and underlined deep concerns over the crackdown on dissent in 2020 Hong Kong. VOL.74 In a speech at the Bundestag a day before an EU summit, Ms. Merkel vowed to bring up rights issues and Germany’s worries over the situation in the former British colony in any future dialogue with Beijing. “Of course, we have to bring up our different opinions in talks,” said Ms. Merkel, whose country currently holds the rotating presidency of the European Union. “That’s why we have flagged up our deep concern about the development in Hong Kong. The principle of one country, two systems stands but again and again it’s being undermined. “We will bring that up, as well as the poor and cruel treatment in part of the rights of the minorities in China.” She did not name the minorities bearing the brunt of poor treatment but activists have accused China over the mass internment of Uighur Muslims in Xinjiang. More than one million ethnic Uighurs and other minorities have been herded into internmentaspirantforum.com camps to undergo political indoctrination, according to rights groups and experts. China insists the camps are training centres aimed at providing education to reduce the allure of Islamic radicalism. Beijing is also under fire over a security law it imposed on Hong Kong in June that National radically increased its control over the financial hub and led to a brutal crackdown on dissent. Hong Kong was guaranteed autonomy under the “One Country, Two Systems” deal agreed ahead of its 1997 handover from Britain. But critics say the security law, imposed following months of large and often Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB violent protests calling for greater democratic freedoms and police accountability, spells the end of the agreement. OCTOBER 2020 Trump, Biden clash in chaotic first debate VOL.74 U.S. President Donald Trump and his opponent, Democratic nominee Joe Biden, clashed in their first presidential debate night — an interaction characterised by chaos and acrimony, not seen before in recent debate history. This was caused primarily by Mr. Trump repeatedly talking over Mr. Biden, interrupting him and attempting to commandeer the debate from the moderator. During the debate, Mr. Trump failed to denounce White supremacists when provided an opportunity to do so and sought to undermine the legitimacy of the November elections, in which an unusually high number of Americans are expected to vote by mail, due to the COVID-19 pandemic. When he was asked to condemn White supremacism and armed militias, specifically the Proud Boys — a group of men who call themselves “western chauvinists” — Mr. Trump said, “Proud Boys, stand back and stand by! But I’ll tell you what... somebody’s got to do something about Antifa and the left.” Members of the group aspirantforum.com celebratedaspirantforum.com the comment on social media. Mr. Trump repeatedly tried to throw Mr. Biden off balance, including by insinuating that Mr. Biden was controlled by the “radical left” or by bringing his son Hunter Biden — whose relationship with the government of Ukraine had been questioned by Republicans during the Trump impeachment hearings — into the discussion. ‘Putin’s puppy’ National The debate had frequent acrimonious exchanges, with Mr. Biden visibly frustrated by Mr. Trump’s interruptions. At one point, Mr. Biden called Mr. Trump a “clown” and at another, said, “Will you shut up, man?” He also called Mr. Trump, “Putin’s puppy”, referring to Russian Visit aspirantforum.com for Guidance and Study Material for IAS Exam aspirantforum.com THE CRUX OF THE HINDU AND PIB President Vladimir Putin. Mr. Trump questioned Mr. Biden’s intelligence at one point. “Show us your tax returns,” Mr. Biden said when Mr. Trump was asked if he paid only $750 in federal OCTOBER income taxes in 2016 as reported by the New York Times . 2020 Mr. Trump challenged Mr. Biden to say “law and order”. Mr. Biden said it but also VOL.74 said, “with justice where people are treated fairly”. In recent months, the U.S. has witnessed mass protests set off by police killings and violence against African Americans. Some of these have been violent. Mr. Biden has supported the right to protests but has condemned the violence. Mr. Trump, keen to win the suburban women demographic, repeated a claim — one with racist undertones — that the Democrats under Mr. Biden were out to destroy suburbs. “He wouldn’t know a suburb unless he took a wrong turn,” Mr. Biden said. “This is not 1950... all these dog whistles and racism don’t work any more.” Mr. Trump, who has been making unsubstantiated claims on fraud around mail-in ballots, was asked by the debate moderator, Chris Wallace, if he would urge his supporters to stay calm and not engage in “civil unrest” as the election was being decided. The President used the opportunity to once more cast doubt on the legitimacy of theaspirantforum.com election. He also urged poll-watchers to go into the polls and “watch very carefully”, and said the Supreme Court would need to look at the ballots. “I hope it’s going to be a fair election. If it’s a fair election, I am a 100% on board,” Mr. Trump said. “But if I see tens of thousands of ballots being manipulated, I can’t go along with that.” There is no evidence of mail-in voting being a source of National significant election fraud. Republican and Democrat-run States use the process and Mr. Trump has used it personally to cast his vote in the past. From time to time in the debate, Mr. Biden looked directly at the cameras and addressed the American public. He said Mr. Trump was trying to dissuade people from voting by scaring them into thinking their vote was not going to be legitimate.