University of New Hampshire University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository Doctoral Dissertations Student Scholarship Fall 1976 COLONIZATION, DISTRIBUTION, AND PHENOLIC CONTENT IN SUSCEPTIBLE AND RESISTANT TOMATO ISOLINES INFECTED BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F SP LYCOPERSICI RACES 1 AND 2 WILLIAM SCOTT CONWAY Follow this and additional works at: https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation Recommended Citation CONWAY, WILLIAM SCOTT, "COLONIZATION, DISTRIBUTION, AND PHENOLIC CONTENT IN SUSCEPTIBLE AND RESISTANT TOMATO ISOLINES INFECTED BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F SP LYCOPERSICI RACES 1 AND 2" (1976). Doctoral Dissertations. 1129. https://scholars.unh.edu/dissertation/1129 This Dissertation is brought to you for free and open access by the Student Scholarship at University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. It has been accepted for inclusion in Doctoral Dissertations by an authorized administrator of University of New Hampshire Scholars' Repository. 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Silver prints of "photographs" may be ordered at additional charge by writing the Order Department, giving the catalog number, title, author and specific pages you wish reproduced. 5. PLEASE NOTE: Some pages may have indistinct print. Filmed as received. University Microfilms International 300 North Zeeb Road Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 USA St. John’s Road, Tyler's Green High Wycombe, Bucks, England HP10 8HR 77-3459 CONWAY, William Scott, 1943- COLONIZATION, DISTRIBUTION, AND PHENOLIC CONTENT IN SUSCEPTIBLE AND RESISTANT TOMATO ISOLINES INFECTED BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. LYCOPERSICI RACES 1 AND 2. University of New Hampshire, Ph.D., 1976 Agriculture, plant pathology Xerox University Microfilms,Ann Arbor, Michigan 48106 COLONIZATION, DISTRIBUTION, AND PHENOLIC CONTENT IN SUSCEPTIBLE AND RESISTANT TOMATO ISOLINES INEECTED BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. LYCOPERSICI RACES 1 AND 2 by WILLIAM S. CONWAY B. Sc., Pennsylvania State University, 1965 M.S. University of New Hampshire, 1974- A THESIS Submitted to the University of New Hampshire In Partial Fulfillment of The Requirements for the Degree of Doctor of Philosophy Graduate School Department of Botany and Plant Pathology September,: 1976 This thesis has been examined and approved. y? Thesis director, William E/^MacHardy Asst. Prof. of Plant Pathology Avery E. Rich, Prof. of Plant Pathology Douglas'G. Routley, Prof. of Plant Science A. Linn Bogle, Assoc. (Prof. of Botany (jt '. Brent Loy, Assoc.^Tro.'rof. of Plant Science ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author thanks Dr. William E. MacHardy, who acted as his major advisor, for his advice, guidance, and encouragement during this investigation, and for the critical review of this manuscript. I gratefully acknowledge Dr. Walter C. Shortle, who contributed his time and knowledge, and Cheryl Smith, Holly Emmons, William Given, and Peter Kelleher for their technical assistance during this work. I also wish to acknowledge Dr. A. E. Rich, Dr. D. G. Routley, Dr. A. L. Bogle, and Dr. J. B. Loy for serving on my committee, for their technical assistance in this work, and for their criticism of the manuscript. I especially wish to thank my wife Kathy for her understanding, patience, and encouragement during this investigation and preparation of this manuscript. Finally, I wish to thank my parents, and my sister Jenny, for their counsel and encouragement. TABLE OF CONTENTS LIST OF TABLES.......................................... v LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS.................................. vi ABSTRACT................................................ viii I. COLONIZATION AND DISTRIBUTION IN SUSCEPTIBLE AND RESISTANT TOMATO ISOLINES BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. LYCOPERSICI RACES 1 AND 2....... 1 1. Introduction........................................ 1 2. Materials and Methods............................... 11 3- Results.................... 15 4. Discussion.................... 28 5. Literature Cited.................................... 36 II. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DETERMINATION OF PHENOLICS IN TOMATO INFECTED BY FUSARIUM OXYSPORUM F. SP. LYCOPERSICI..................................... 39 1. Introduction........................................ 39 2. Materials and Methods................................ 50 3. Results...........■■................................. 54- 4. Discussion.......................................... 57 5. Literature Cited....... 60 iv LIST OF TABLES 1. Variations of soluble phenol content induced in hypocotyl segments of Improved Pearson (IP) and Pearson VF-11 (VF-ll) by infection with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1 (R-l) and race 2 (R-2)..................................... ..... v LIST OP ILLUSTRATIONS 1. Expression of symptom severity of Improved Pearson (IP) and Pearson VP-11 (VP) as a result of inocula­ tion with, race 1 (R-l) or race 2 (R-2) of Pusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici.................... 16 2. Percentage of bundles discolored at various inter­ nodes 30 days after inoculation of susceptible Improved Pearson (IP) and resistant Pearson (VP) isolines with race 1 (R-l) or race 2 (R-2) of Pusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici................. 17 3. Percentages of bundles infected (exhibiting fungal growth) at various internodes 30 days after inocu­ lation of the susceptible Improved Pearson (IP) and the resistant VP-11 (VP) isolines with race 1 (R-l) or race 2 (R-2) of Pusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici...... 18 4. Average propagule counts per plant hypocotyl segment at various intervals after inoculation of Pusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1 susceptible Improved Pearson (IP) and resistant Pearson VP-11 (VP) with Pusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 2 (R-2)............ 20 5. Average propagule counts per infected hypocotyl bundle at various intervals after inoculation of Pusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1 susceptible Improved Pearson (IP) and resistant Pearson VP-11 (VP) with Pusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 2 (R-2).............................. 21 vi 6. Average propagule counts per plant epicotyl segment at various intervals after inoculation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1 susceptible Improved Pearson (IP) and resistant Pearson VF-11 (VF) with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1 (R-l) or race 2 (R-2).......................... 22! 7- Average propagule counts per infected epicotyl bundle at various intervals after inoculation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1 susceptible Improved Pearson (IP) and resistant Pearson VF-11 (VF) with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1 (R-l) or race 2 (R-2)............. 24- 8. Percentage of infected bundles in hypocotyl segments at various intervals after inoculation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1 susceptible Improved Pearson (IP) and resistant Pearson VF-11 (VF) with Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 2 (R-2).......................................... 25 9. Percentage of infected budnles in epicotyl segments at various intervals after inoculation of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici race 1 susceptible Improved Pearson (IP) and resistant Pearson VF-11 (VF) with Fusarium oxysporum f . sp. lycopersici race 1 (R-l) or race 2 (R-2)......................... 27 vii ABSTRACT COLONIZATION, DISTRIBUTION, AND PHENOLIC CONTENT IN SUSCEPTIBLE AND RESISTANT TOMATO ISOLINES INFECTED BY PUSARIUM OXYSPORUM P. SP. LYCOPERSICI RACES 1 AND 2 by WILLIAM S. CONWAY Improved Pearson VP-11 (VP-11) is resistant to race 1 but susceptible to race 2 of Pusarium oxysporum f. sp. lycopersici. Resistance is associated with restricted colonization by race 1 due to a physical sealing-off of vascular infections by rapid tylose development. Improved Pearson (IP) susceptibility to race 1 is associated with extensive pathogen invasion following retardation of the occluding process. It is not known why VP-11 is susceptible to race 2. Initial studies were undertaken