January 2008 Volume 81, Issue 3 Proceedings and Addresses of The American Philosophical Association apa The AmericAn PhilosoPhicAl Association Pacific Division Program University of Delaware Newark, DE 19716 www.apaonline.org The American Philosophical Association Pacific Division Eighty-Second Annual Meeting Hilton Pasadena Pasadena, CA March 18 - 23, 2008 Proceedings and Addresses of The American Philosophical Association Proceedings and Addresses of the American Philosophical Association (ISSN 0065-972X) is published five times each year and is distributed to members of the APA as a benefit of membership and to libraries, departments, and institutions for $75 per year. It is published by The American Philosophical Association, 31 Amstel Ave., University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716. Periodicals Postage Paid at Newark, DE and additional mailing offices. POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Proceedings and Addresses, The American Philosophical Association, University of Delaware, Newark, DE 19716. Editor: David E. Schrader Phone: (302) 831-1112 Publications Coordinator: Erin Shepherd Fax: (302) 831-8690 Associate Editor: Anita Silvers Web: www.apaonline.org Meeting Coordinator: Linda Smallbrook Proceedings and Addresses of The American Philosophical Association, the major publication of The American Philosophical Association, is published five times each academic year in the months of September, November, January, February, and May. Each annual volume contains the programs for the meetings of the three Divisions; the membership list; Presidential Addresses; news of the Association, its Divisions and Committees, and announcements of interest to philosophers. Other items of interest to the community of philosophers may be included by decision of the Editor or the APA Board of Officers. 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Copyright © 2008 by The American Philosophical Association ISSN 0065-972X Table of ConTenTs Letter from the Secretary-treaSurer ..............................................1 pacific DiviSion committeeS .............................................................9 mini-conference program .............................................................11 main program ...................................................................... 15 group program .................................................................... 71 main, group, anD mini-conference program participantS .... 91 graDuate StuDent traveL StipenD winnerS ......................... 119 group SeSSionS ................................................................... 123 SpeciaL SeSSionS SponSoreD by APA committeeS .................. 127 abStractS of coLLoquium anD SympoSium paperS ................ 131 APA pLacement Service information ................................... 181 pLacement Service regiStration form ................................. 189 paper SubmiSSion guiDeLineS ............................................... 191 minuteS of the 2007 pacific DiviSion executive committee meeting .......................................................... 195 minuteS of the 2007 pacific DiviSion buSineSS meeting ...... 199 2008 canDiDateS for office ................................................ 201 propoSeD pacific DiviSion by-Law amenDmentS ................... 203 caLL for propoSaLS for mini-conferenceS .......................... 211 LiSt of aDvertiSerS anD book exhibitorS ............................ 213 formS ................................................................................. 229 aDvance regiStration form, pacific .......................................231 hoteL reServation form, pacific............................................233 aDvance regiStration form, centraL .....................................235 hoteL reServation form, centraL ..........................................237 reception tabLe requeSt form, centraL ...............................239 APA regiStration poLicy .................................................... 241 paSaDena attractionS ......................................................... 243 hoteL DiagramS .................................................................. 251 Statement of ownerShip, management, anD circuLation ..... 253 Letter from the Secretary-treaSurer To All Members of the Association: The Executive Committee of the Pacific Division of the American Philosophical Association cordially invites you to attend the 82nd annual meeting of the American Philosophical Association, Pacific Division. The meeting will be held at the Hilton Pasadena, Wednesday, March 19, through Sunday, March 23, 2008. Accommodations and meeting space also are provided by the Sheraton Pasadena. 1. meeting Location: SpeciaL attractionS Pasadena is a small city with well-preserved turn of the century architecture. More than 600 buildings are on the National Register of Historic Places. The weather in March should be warm and sunny. Our hotels are within walking distance of a very large number of outstanding restaurants, theaters, clubs, museums, and other cultural sites and events. (An extensive, informative restaurant list prepared by our local arrangements committee follows the program information.) The Norton Simon Museum is a short ride on the free downtown Arts Shuttle Bus, and the Huntington Library and Gardens is a quick taxi ride away. There is a walking track within a mile and a jogging track within two miles. The rest of Southern California’s attractions are easily reached. The thoroughbred racing season at Santa Anita will still be on in March. There is ice skating a block from the hotel. Skiing at Mountain High Resort is about an hour’s drive away, or, to the west, there is beach and boating within 25 miles and scuba diving within 60. (A list of attractions within Pasadena, and in the larger area, follows the program information.) 2. our hoteLS: Location, reServationS, parking Our hotels are located at the intersect of the Old Pasadena District and the Playhouse District. Old Pasadena was the 19th-century center of the city. Over 200 19th-century buildings in this 22-block area are still in use. The Playhouse District fans out from the Pasadena Playhouse, is replete with historic architecture, and offers a mix of bookstores, restaurants, antique and specialty shops. Also within easy walking distance is South Lake Avenue, 10 blocks of restaurants and shops that run the span from Rodeo Drive type boutiques to excellent used book stores. The Pasadena Hilton is an historic property now renovated as a boutique style hotel. Most rooms have views of either Old Pasadena or the San Gabriel Mountains. The hotel has an outdoor swimming pool, and an indoor pool table as well. The hotel’s address is 168 South Los Robles Avenue, Pasadena, CA 91101. Telephone is (626) 577-1000. Fax is (626) 584-3148. 2 Proceedings and Addresses of the APA 81:3 The Sheraton Pasadena is one block from the Hilton. It is across the street from the Paseo Colorado shopping center, with all its restaurants and an excellent wine bar. It has an outdoor pool and lighted tennis courts. The hotel’s address is 303 East Cordova, Pasadena, CA 91101. Telephone is (626) 449-4000. Fax is (626) 796-6209. Hotel Reservations: A hotel reservation form can be found at the back of this Proceedings, and on the APA homepage (Pacific Division page) on the web. You may make your reservations online at http://www.pasadenacal. com/housing. Both hotels comply with the standards of the Americans with Disabilities Act. For accessible, adaptive sleeping rooms, please reserve early and communicate any special requests to the Pasadena Convention Bureau Housing Office. Parking: There is public parking at the Hilton. Parking lots serving the Pasadena Convention Center and Paseo Colorado Shopping Center are very nearby, and street parking is available. 3. traveL information: Driving, air, raiL, BuSeS, anD the free paSaDena ShuttLe Driving - The Pasadena Freeway (the 110) connects Pasadena to Los Angeles, and also to Long Beach and to the 405 to San Diego. The Foothill Freeway (the 210) goes north and east. The Ventura Freeway (the 134) leads to Ventura County on the coast, Santa Barbara, and Northern California. Driving to the Hilton - I-5 and 210 (this route from Burbank Airport, 15 - 20 minutes): Take the I-5 South to the 134 Freeway East to 210 East. Exit at Lake Avenue, go South one mile past Colorado Boulevard to Cordova. Turn right (west) to corner at Los Robles Avenue. I-105 and 110 (this route from LAX, one hour): Take I-105 East to the 110 North. The 110 will end in Pasadena and become Arroyo Parkway. Continue one mile north to Cordova. Hotel is at the corner of Cordova and Los Robles. Driving to the Sheraton - From South: Take Interstate 110 North until it ends and turns into Arroyo Parkway. Continue on Arroyo Parkway until you come to Cordova Street. Turn right onto Cordova Street and the hotel will be located