Course Title Islam and Feminism Category Religion, Ethics & Law Master Course, July 22nd – August 2nd 2019 Track D Schedule: Week 1: Mon, Tue & Thu: 10am – 12pm & 1pm – 3pm, Class Time Fri: 12am – 4pm Week 2: Tue & Wed: 10am – 12pm & 1pm – 3pm Thu: 12pm – 4pm & 5pm – 7pm (Tadjik teahouse) Fri: 10.30am – 2pm Master students and advanced undergraduate students (final year) of all Course Level & subjects with an academic background and a strong interest in Islamic Target Group studies, gender studies, urban anthropology and sociology. This course is taught in English, including readings in English. For the understanding of the texts and the discussions in class a language level Course Language B2 (Common European Framework of Reference for Languages) is required. ECTS 5 ECTS (40 contact hours) Instructor Prof. Dr. Riem Spielhaus Course Description The pairing of “Islam” with “feminism” would seem like an oxymoron to many, especially based on public discourses on Muslims and Islam in both Europe and the United States. Since the 19th century, represented Muslim women as inherently oppressed by their religion and by men in their societies and communities. This narrative has been employed to legitimize European colonialism as well as US military intervention in the Middle East. A number of scholars are therefore calling for a reflective analysis of both feminism and Islam and the discourse that connects the two of them in order to then develop a significantly more nuanced picture of the ways in which gender is related to Islam and Muslims. Such an approach aims at recognizing the agency of Muslims in formulating and debating ideas about gender norms and practices in their own societies and communities. This course will not only give insights into different movements and lines of thought within Islam that engage in gender perspectives and strive for women’s rights, it will also examine how feminism has been changed and challenged by the encounter with Islam and female Muslim activists. A meeting with activists, readings of academics as well as media texts and political statements will support lectures and debates in the seminar. Based primarily on textual resources, the course combines materials from Islamic studies, Islamic theology, women and gender studies, and anthropology to provide a broad array of readings both primary and secondary. We will engage in close readings of selected texts, especially the writings of Muslim feminist theologians and thinkers, and gain insights into the arguments and debates that have animated both scholarship and activism in this area. Our analysis and discussion will revolve around issues of religious authority, modes and possibilities of interpreting sacred texts and sources, and the complicated flow of power and agency in religious and political communities. Our presence in Berlin, Germany, will also allow for some engagement with local Muslim communities and Muslim women activists, as well as a possible exploration of Muslim women in art. Through a study of both discourses and practices related to Islam and feminism in the past decade the course gives participants an insight into Islamic debates about female authority, gender specific interpretations of Islamic texts and at the same time develop critical and reflective views on how feminist goals within North America and European countries concerning Islam in the public sphere. Course Objective & Learning Outcomes By the end of the course, students will be able to: - Critically examine primary and secondary writings on Islam and feminism - Engage in educated discussions of various perspectives and frameworks - Meaningfully critique public discourse on Muslim women as oppressed and silent - Recognize the mutual impact of contemporary Muslim and feminist thought and practice on each other - Present short summaries of complex readings - Engage in further research on the topic - Create a piece of artistic expression related to the topic of the course Readings All required readings will be provided as pdf to registered students prior to the start of the course. Required (in alphabetical order) Abou-Bakr, Omaima. “Islamic Feminism: What’s in a Name?” Middle East Women’s Studies Review 15.4 (2001):1-4. Abugideiri, Hibba. “Hagar: A Historical Model for ‘Gender Jihad.’” Daughters of Abraham: Feminist Thought in Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. Ed. Yvonne Yazbeck Haddad and John L. Esposito. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2001. 81-107. Abu-Lughod, Lila (2002) “Do Muslim Women Really Need Saving? Anthropological Reflections on Cultural Relativism and Its Others,” American Anthropologist, 103:3 (September 2002): 783-790. Ahmed, Leila, Women and Gender in Islam: Historical Roots of a Modern Debate (New Haven: Yale University Press, 1992). Ali, Kecia, “Timeless Texts and Modern Morals: Challenges in Islamic Sexual Ethics.” New Directions in Islamic Thought: Exploring Reform and Muslim Tradition, eds. Kari Vogt, Lena Larsen, and Christian Moe (New York: I.B. Tauris, 2009): 89-99. Ali, Kecia, Juliane Hammer, and Laury Silvers, eds., A Jihad for Justice: Honoring the Work and Life of Amina Wadud (Boston, 2012). Ali, Kecia, Sexual Ethics and Islam: Feminist Reflections on Qur’an, Hadith, and Jurisprudence, 2nd ed. (Oxford: Oneworld, 2016). Ali, Kecia, Feminist Thought in Islam, in: C. Fitzpatrick and A. Walker (eds.): Muhammad in History, Thought, and Culture: An Encyclopedia of the Prophet of God, Vol I, 2014, pp. 195–197. Amir-Moazami, Schirin, “Dialogue as a governmental practice. Managing gendered Islam in Germany”, Feminist Review, 2011. Badran, Margot and Miriam Cooke: Opening the Gates: A Century of Arab Feminist Writing. 1990. Barlas, Asma, "Believing Women" in Islam: Unreading Patriarchal Interpretations of the Qur'an (Austin: University of Texas Press, 2002). Barlas, Asma, “Women’s Readings of the Qur’an,” in The Cambridge Companion to the Qur’an, ed. Jane Dammen McAuliffe (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2006), 255–272. Bracke, Sarah, Subjects of Debate: Secular and Sexual Exceptionalism, and Muslim Women in the Netherlands, in: Feminist Review 98(1), 2011: 28–46. Cooke, Miriam. “Multiple Critique: Islamic Feminist Rhetorical Strategies.” Postcolonialism, Feminism, and Religious Discourse, eds. Laura E.Donaldson and Kwok Pui-Lan (New York: Routledge, 2002), 142– 160. Hammer, Juliane, “Activism as Embodied Tafsir: Negotiating Women’s Authority, Leadership and Space in North America,” in Women, Leadership, and Mosques: Changes in Contemporary Islamic Authority, eds. Hilary Kalmbach and Masooda Bano, Leiden: Brill, 2012): 457-480. Hammer, Juliane, “Gendering Islamophobia: (Muslim) Women’s Bodies and American Politics, Bulletin for the Study of Religion 42:1 (February 2013): 29-36. Hammer, Juliane and Riem Spielhaus, Muslim Women and the Challenge of Authority: An Introduction, in: The Muslim World, 103(3), 2013, pp. 287-294. Hidayatullah, Aysha, Feminist Edges of the Qur’an (New York: Oxford University Press, 2014). Kahf, Mohja. She Who Argues: A Homily on Justice and Renewal. The Muslim World, (2013), 295-304. Kuppinger, Petra, “Women, Leadership, and Participation in Mosques and Beyond: Notes from Stuttgart,” in Women, Leadership, and Mosques, eds. Masooda Bano and Hilary Kalmbach (Leiden: Brill, 2012), 323-344. Mahmood, Saba. “Feminist Theory, Agency, and the Liberatory Subject.” On Shifting Ground: Muslim Women in the Global Era, ed. Fereshteh Nouraie-Simone (New York: Feminist Press at the City University of New York, 2005), 111-152. Seedat, Fatima, “When Islam and Feminism Converge,” Muslim World, 103:3 (2013): 404-420. Seedat, Fatima, “Islam, Feminism, and Islamic Feminism: Between Inadequacy and Inevitability,” Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion 29:2 (fall 2013) 25-45. Selby, Jennifer A., Questioning French Secularism: Gender Politics and Islam in a Parisian Suburb. Palgrave Macmillan, 2012. Shaikh, Sa’diyya, “A Tafsir of Praxis: Gender, Marital Violence, and Resistance in a South African Muslim Community, “ in D. C. Maguire & S. Shaikh (Hrsg.), Violence against Women in Contemporary World Religions: Roots and Cures (Cleveland: Pilgrim Press, 2007), 66–89. Spielhaus, Riem, “Making Islam Relevant: Female Authority and Representation in Islam,” in Women, Leadership, and Mosques, eds. Masooda Bano and Hilary Kalmbach (Leiden: Brill, 2012), 437-456. Terman, Rochelle, “Islamophobia, Feminism, and the Politics of Critique,” Theory, Culture & Society 2015, 1-26. Wadud, Amina, Qur’an and Woman: Rereading the Sacred Text from a Woman’s Perspective (New York: Oxford University Press, 1999). Wadud, Amina, Inside the Gender Jihad. Women’s Reform in Islam. Oxford: OneWorld Publications, 2006. Weber, Charlotte, “Unveiling Scheherazade: Feminist Orientalism in the International Alliance of Women, 1911-1950,” Feminist Studies 27:1 (spring 2001): 125-157. Zine, Jasmin, “Creating a Critical Faith-Centered Space for Antiracist Feminism: Reflections of a Muslim Scholar-Activist,” Journal of Feminist Studies in Religion 20:2 (fall 2004): 167-187. Course Schedule Four days each week, two sessions per day, including a mosque visit, a discussion with local Muslim women activists and a visit to a museum. All other class meetings take place in the seminar room. This schedule is tentative and subject to change before the start of the course. Day 1: Introduction; A brief history of Islam and feminism Day 2: The histories of feminism Day 3: Histories of Muslim women’s activism Day 4: Mosque visit; Current media debates about Muslim women Day 5: