QL AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE VOL. 19, NO. 4 JOURNAL APRIL, 1942 wm,' "-c* Naval cadets are earning their wings in Free literature on request for 50 to 175 h.p. hori¬ Spartan trainers powered by Lycoming . zontally opposed or 220 to 300 h.p. radial engines. Write Dept. J42. Specify which literature desired. the aircraft engine whose dependable, eco¬ nomical operation and low maintenance and upkeep costs have been proved through years of use in both the pilot training divi¬ ¥ sions of the Armed Forces and the CPTP. Contractors to the U. S. Army and Navy THE TRAINING PLANE ENGINE OF TODAY .. \ THE PRIVATE PLANE / LYCOMING DIVISION, THE AVIATION CORPORATION \ ENGINE OF TOMORROW / WILLIAMSPORT, PA. l>5 p. CONTENTS * * APRIL, 1942 Cover Picture: Demonstration of Monster Tank Culled (See page 236) Australia: Pacific Base to the Colors! By David W. Bailey 185 Excerpt from a Speech by Congressman Rabaut Before the House of Representatives 189 Correction in Foreign Service Examination Ques¬ AMERICA’S three greatest liners, the tions in March issue 189 . Washington, Manhattan and America, From the Caribbean to Cape Horn by the Pan are now serving their country as Navy American Highway—Photos 190 auxiliaries. New Zealand's Role in World Affairs By Robert B. Stewart 194 Before being called to the Colors, these Convoy three American flag liners were the largest, By James N. Wright 196 fastest and most luxurious passenger ships Selected Questions from the Third and Fourth ever built in this country. Special Foreign Service Examinations of 1941 199 Athens—Photos 201 When our Government called its nationals Editors’ Column home from danger zones in Europe and Radio Bulletin 202 the Orient, thousands of Americans re¬ turned to the United States aboard these News from the Department By Jane Wilson 203 ships. News from the Field 206 Every American should rejoice in the The Bookshelf vision of the Maritime Commission and Francis C. de Wolf, Review Editor 208 the United States Lines in sponsoring the All Quiet Along the Patuxent great shipbuilding program that made pos¬ By Grif Alexander 210 sible the building of these three great liners. Musical Tastes of South American Indians 213 They served our country ably in peace, and Foreign Service Changes 214 will do their part in the war. Service Glimpses 215 Until such time as these ships can return to List of Retired Foreign Service Officers as of February 15, 1942 218 peace-time occupations, their less glamor¬ Foreign Service Retirements 236 ous sisters, the many sturdy freighters of the United States Lines, will continue to Mr. Bonsai’s Remarks before the Sub-committee on Appropriations regarding Miss Romeyn 237 ply the seven seas, and do their part in In Memoriam 239 helping to win the war. Births 239 Visitors 240 UNITED STATES LINES ONE BROADWAY, NEW YORK Issued monthly by the American Foreign Service Association, Department of State, Washington, D. C. Entered as second-class matter at the Post Office in Washington, D. C., under the act of March 3, 1879. ★ ★ APRIL, 1942 181 America's Most Modern Short-Wave Station, Designed and Manufactured for Columbia Broadcasting System Helping set the Good Neighbor philos¬ by I. T. & T. Associate Companies ophy to words and music are America’s most modern short-wave stations —WCBX Just as radio helped make America one and WCRC. New voice of the Columbia big family, so short-wave radio is mak¬ Broadcasting System, the great directional ing the Americas one big neighbor¬ antennas were designed and erected by hood. The President speaks — and the I. T. & T.’s associate company, Mackay ears of Central and South America listen Radio. This company also installed the . The Philharmonic plays — and below 50,000 watt transmitters which were de¬ the Rio Grande hearts are warmed signed and manufactured by another .. Olga Coelho sings — and her conti¬ I. T. & T. associate, The Federal Tele¬ nent welcomes back a favorite artist. graph Company. INTERNATIONAL TELEPHONE AND TELEGRAPH CORPORATION 67 Broad Street, New York, N. Y. 182 THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE JOURNAL INDEX FOR ADVERTISERS Allies Inn, The 237 American Export Lines 229 American Security and Trust Company 217 Aviation Corporation, The , II COVER Bacardi, Santiago de Cuba.— -• 234 Beverly Hills Hotel 236 Bowling Green Storage and Van Co. 231 Campbell, The W. D. Co 238 A GREAT WORLD-WIDE Chase National Bank 239 SOURCE OF SUPPLY Firestone Tire and Rubber Co 184 Fcr more than 55 years, the whole world Grace Line . 221 over, demand for Ward merchandise has heen steady and increasing. And rightly so! Hubbard, N. E. H. and Co 236 Backed by advanced engineering and International Telephone & Telegraph Co. 182 painstaking research, Wards products are 1 of unexcelled performance and modern Latin American Institute 238 design. Mass produced and mass distrib¬ Laggett, Francis H., and Co... 240 uted, their prices are truly competitive. Mayflower Hotel 220 Hence MW’s leadership in the electrical, automotive, mechanical and implement Montgomery Ward _j 183 lines. Wards specialties, as follows, are National City Bank _ 233 sold abroad through Distributors and Dealers ONLY: National Geographic Magazine 224 Pacific Fisheries, Assn. of. 238 Radio Receiving Sets Electric Refrigerators Pan-American Airways, Inc 227 Electric Washing Machines Royal Typewriter Co., Inc _ s 222 Electric Vacuum Cleaners Electric Light Plants Schenley Products 230 Cream Separators Security Storage Company of Washington 217 Auto and Truck Tires Automotive Products Socony-Vacuum Oil Co., Inc. 223 Paints and Varnishes Southern Engraving Co. 228 Hardware and Tools Tractors St. Moritz, The . III COVER Radio Sound Equipment Texaco Petroleum Products 232 Distributors interested in exclusive Tyner, Miss E. J 238 franchise rights for one or more of these products are invited to write at once to Underwood Elliott Fisher Company 219 the Factory Export Division. United Fruit Company 239 United States Fidelity and Guaranty Company 237 United States Lines 181 MONTGOMERY WARD United States Steel 226 Established 1872 FACTORY EXPORT DIVISION Walcott-Taylor Co., Inc 240 618 W. Chicago Ave., Chicago, U. S. A. Waldorf-Astoria Hotel IV COVER Cables —Thornward Visitors from abroad cordially invited to Chicago Headquarters Westinghouse Electric International Company 235 APRIL, 1942 183 I? ROM the lofty torch of the Goddess of Liberty, the light of Freedom is reflected in the Halls of Industry. There is no blackout at Firestone—-every Firestone factory in America is working at top speed to provide the thousands of different rubber products needed for the defense of the Americas. Tires of all types, bullet-resisting tubes, bullet¬ sealing fuel and oil tanks, track blocks for tanks and reconnaissance cars, gas masks, seadrome lighting buoys and hundreds of other products made from natural or synthetic rubber for America’s armed forces are being turned out on or ahead of schedule. In addition, anti-aircraft gun mounts and carriages, machine gun links, bomb cases, shell guard facings and many other non-rubber munitions are now in production. And if our company is called upon for further help, it will be given cheerfully, quickly, efficiently and intelligently. Copyright, 1941, The Firestone Tire & Rubber Co. Tire$ton* MILITARY TIRES ★ TUBES ★ GAS MASKS * TANK TRACKS * BULLET-SEALING CELLS ★ PARACHUTE SEATS * HOSE ★ BARRAGE BALLOONS ★ BOMB CASES SEADROME LIGHTS * GUN CARRIAGES AND MOUNTS * CRASH PADS MACHINE GUN LINKS * AND OTHER RUBBER AND METAL PRODUCTS THE FOREIGN JOURNAL rO PUBLISHED MONTHLY BY THE AMERICAN FOREIGN SERVICE ASSOCIATION m VOL. 19, No. 4 WASHINGTON, D. C. APRIL, 1942 Australia: Pari fir Ntasc By DAVID W. BAILEY, Director, Australian News and Information Bureau THREATENED for the first time in 154 years of Menzies’ view that Australia had primary risks its national existence with war on its own soil, in the Pacific has unfortunately been confirmed by Australia is taking in her own right, a place of in¬ events. His argument that she has primary responsi¬ creasing importance in the strategy of the United bilities has been accepted and developed by the Aus¬ Nations. Mark of the final development of Aus¬ tralian people, who since September, 1939, have tralia’s progress toward full nationhood was the sig¬ shown by their actions that they have accepted the nature on Australia’s behalf, by Australian Minister principle that geographic limitations cannot be set to the United States, Richard G. Casey, of the Decla¬ to the defense of democracy. They have accepted re¬ ration of the United Nations. sponsibilities, not only in their own territory, the Considerable emphasis has been laid on what has southwest Pacific, but on many other fronts as well. been described recently as Australia’s “diplomatic Australians of all political opinions are agreed coming of age.” Until early in 1940, Australia had that, whereas 12 months ago it seemed that the fu¬ no diplomatic representatives in foreign countries; ture way of life in the Pacific might well be decided hut since the appointment of Mr. Casey to Wash¬ by the outcome of the war in Europe, it might now ington, Ministers have been sent to Tokio and equally well be that the future way of life in Europe Chungking, and official representatives to other will depend on the outcome of the war in the Pacific. countries. A Minister has been appointed to the They are now faced with the necessity of defending Netherlands court in London, and a Netherlands Australia on her own shores, their determination Minister has been sent to Australia. reinforced by the knowledge that there they are This expansion of diplomatic interests is in keep¬ fighting as much for the democratic nations as when ing with the view expressed by Prime Minister Rob¬ they were fighting abroad in Libya or Greece, or ert G.