Ecologica Montenegrina 16: 108-110 (2018) This journal is available online at: www.biotaxa.org/em First record of round goby Neogobius melanostomus Pallas, 1814 (Pisces: Gobiidae) in Bosnia and Herzegovina SREĆKO ĈOLIĆ1, GORAN ŠUKALO2, VUKOSAVA ĈOLIĆ2, VLADO KERKEZ 1University of Belgrade, Faculty of Biology. Studentski trg 16, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia 2University of Banja Luka, Faculty of Natural Sciences and Mathematics. Mladena Stojanovića 2, 78000 Banja Luka, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina Received: 5 February 2018│ Accepted by V. Pešić: 28 February 2018 │ Published online: 1 March 2018. In the area of Bosnia and Herzegovina, in the waters of Black Sea Basin, the presence of the following three fish species from the Goby family (Gobiidae) has been recorded: bighead goby (Ponticola kessleri), monkey goby (Neogobius fluviatilis) and tubenose goby (Proterorhinus marmoratus) (Vuković 1977; Bogut et al. 2006; Sofradţija 2009). Only recently, in Bosnia and Herzegovina we have recorded the presence of round goby (Neogobius melanostomus), the fourth species belonging to this family, which is globaly considered to be the invasive fish species (Corkum et al. 2004). The native areal of round goby's distribution are basins of the Black, Azov and Caspian Seas (Ponto-Caspian region), where this species has a commercial significance (Jude et al. 1992; van Beek 2006; Kottelat & Freyhof 2007). Neogobius melanostomus is a fish species which uses all disposable food sources, with wide ecological valence of variety of abiotic and biotic ecological factors (Corkum et al. 2004; Copp et al. 2008). Fast growth, early maturation (MacInnis & Corkum 2000), aggressive behaviour (Bergstrom & Mensinger 2009), the ability of sprawning for several times during one year, as well as male parental care (Jude et al. 1992; Corkum et al. 1998; Simonović 2001) are considered to be the basic reasons of its fast expansion. Round goby has been spreading quickly across the whole Europe during the last several decades (Corkum et al. 2004; Copp et al. 2005). The first evidence of N. melanostomus in Serbia (Prahovo) was recorded in 1997 (Simonović et al. 1998), while in Austria and Hingary it has been found three and four years after (Wiesner et al. 2000; Guti et al. 2003). On the other hand, the first finding of the mentioned species in the neighboring Croatia (Raĉinovci, Ţupanja, Babina Greda) was registered in 2011 (Piria et al. 2011). On September 25th 2016, in the Una river, the Gradina locality (Kozarska Dubica municipality, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina: 45°16'09.0"N, 16°55'07.6"E, 93 m a.s.l.), and in the Sava river, the Bistrica locality (Gradiška municipality, Republic of Srpska, Bosnia and Herzegovina: 45°09'58.4"N, 17°07'42.9"E, 91 m a.s.l.) (Figure 1), 43 individuals of N. melanostomus were caught with the hopping accessories. Earthworm Lumbricus sp.was used as bait. Thereby, on the Gradina locality, on a predominantly rocky bottom, 40 round goby individuals were caught (water depth ≈5m), while on the Bistrica locality, on the muddy bottom, 3 round goby individuals were caught (water depth ≈2m). Their standard body lengths were betwen 64.1–109.3 mm, total body lengths were betwen 74.9–127.1 mm, while their body weights were betwen 6.1–33.8 g. The identification was performed on the basis of key morphological characteristics: the presence of the large black spot on the posterior part of first dorsal fin (Figure 2) as well as the coverage of the dorsal head part with cycloid scales (Simonović 2001; Kottelat & Freyhof 2007). The fact of 43 individuals being Ecologica Montenegrina, 16, 2018, 108-110 ĈOLIĆ ET AL. Figure 1. Localities in which individuals of N. melanostomus were caught . Figure 2. Neogobius melanostomus from Una river. 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