COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Directorate-General for Fisheries Regional Socio-economic Studies on Employment and the Level of Dependency on Fishing Lot No.23: Coordination and Consolidation Study FINAL REPORT MegaPesca Lda. Portugal in collaboration with Centre for Agricultural Strategy, UK COMMISSION OF THE EUROPEAN COMMUNITIES Directorate-General for Fisheries Regional Socio-economic Studies on Employment and the Level of Dependency on Fishing Lot No.23: Coordination and Consolidation Study FINAL REPORT Principal Contractor: Megapesca Lda Rua Gago Coutinho Valado Sta.Quitéria 2460 Alfeizerão Portugal Authors: Ian Goulding David Hallam Lucy Harrison-Mayfield Victoria Mackenzie-Hill Helder da Silva The views expressed in this study are purely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the European Commission. Any reference in a publication of any kind, including publications on the Internet, shall immediately be followed by a statement making clear that the content of this publication is the sole responsibility of its publisher(s) and that it in no way represents the views of the Commission. i CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................................1 1.1 AIMS OF THE STUDIES......................................................................................................................... 1 1.2 IMPLEMENTATION ............................................................................................................................... 1 1.3 AIMS OF THIS REPORT ......................................................................................................................... 2 1.4 OUTLINE OF THE REPORT ................................................................................................................... 3 2 METHODOLOGY..........................................................................................................................................4 2.1 OVERVIEW OF METHODOLOGY .......................................................................................................... 4 2.1.1 Task 1: Brief Analysis of the Fishing Industry............................................................................4 2.1.2 Task 2: Quantifying, Describing and Examining the Level of Dependency..........................4 2.1.3 Task 3: Examination of the Development of the Industry and Level of Dependency...........5 2.1.4 Task 4: Examination of Existing Socio-economic Measures, Proposals for Improving these Measures and Forward Study of Trends in Employment.............................................................5 2.2 DATA SPECIFICATIONS........................................................................................................................ 5 2.3 METHODOLOGICAL PROBLEMS AND THEIR SOLUTION ................................................................ 9 2.3.1 Comparison of Employment Data with Previous Studies.........................................................9 2.3.2 Calculation of Ratios......................................................................................................................9 2.3.3 Employment Multipliers............................................................................................................... 14 2.3.4 Comparability with Previous Studies ....................................................................................... 14 2.4 MAPS AND DATABASE OF DEPENDENCY ....................................................................................... 15 2.4.1 Description of Maps and Database ........................................................................................... 15 2.4.2 Methodology.................................................................................................................................. 15 2.4.3 Technical Issues............................................................................................................................. 16 2.4.4 Data Issues...................................................................................................................................... 16 2.4.5 Interpretation................................................................................................................................. 16 3 TASK 1: BRIEF ANALYSIS OF FISHING AND RELATED ACTIVITIES IN THE EU.................. 17 3.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 17 3.2 FISHING AND RELATED ACTIVITIES................................................................................................. 17 3.2.1 Fleet Structure............................................................................................................................... 17 3.2.2 Landings of Marine Fish.............................................................................................................. 18 3.2.3 Fish Processing ............................................................................................................................. 19 3.2.4 Marine Aquaculture Production................................................................................................ 21 3.2.5 Inland Aquaculture Production................................................................................................. 24 3.2.6 Production from Inland Capture Fishing................................................................................. 26 3.3 EMPLOYMENT IN FISHERIES.............................................................................................................. 28 3.3.1 Overview of Employment in the Fishery Sector....................................................................... 28 3.3.2 Employment in Marine Capture Fishing.................................................................................. 35 3.3.3 Employment in Processing .......................................................................................................... 38 3.3.4 Employment in Marine Aquaculture ......................................................................................... 41 3.3.5 Employment in Inland Aquaculture........................................................................................... 41 3.3.6 Employment in Inland Fishing ................................................................................................... 45 3.4 REGIONAL AND SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPORTANCE OF FISHERIES................................................ 46 3.5 STRENGTHS, WEAKNESSES, OPPORTUNITIES AND THREATS AT REGIONAL AND COMMUNITY LEVEL ……………………………………………………………………………………………….47 3.5.1 Strengths......................................................................................................................................... 47 3.5.2 Weaknesses..................................................................................................................................... 48 3.5.3 Opportunities................................................................................................................................. 49 3.5.4 Threats............................................................................................................................................. 49 4 TASK 2: QUANTIFYING, DESCRIBING AND EXAMINING THE LEVEL OF DEPENDENCY. 51 4.1 INTRODUCTION ................................................................................................................................... 51 4.2 OVERVIEW OF FISHERIES DEPENDENCY IN THE EU...................................................................... 51 4.2.1 Fisheries dependency defined by Ratio 2 Fishing.................................................................. 51 ii 4.2.2 Fisheries dependency defined by Ratio 2 total fishery sector employment........................ 52 4.3 RATIO 1: VALUE ADDED IN FISHERIES............................................................................................ 57 4.3.1 Regional Analysis for Ratio 1 ..................................................................................................... 57 4.3.2 Areas Most Dependent on Fishing............................................................................................. 58 4.3.3 Areas Most Dependent on Fish Processing.............................................................................. 58 4.3.4 Areas Most Dependent on All Fisheries Activity..................................................................... 59 4.4 RATIO 2: EMPLOYMENT IN FISHERIES............................................................................................ 59 4.4.1 Regional Analysis for Ratio 2 ..................................................................................................... 59 4.4.2 Areas Most Dependent on Fishing............................................................................................. 61 4.4.3 Areas Most Dependent on Fish Processing.............................................................................. 61 4.4.4 Areas Most Dependent on Aquaculture.................................................................................... 62 4.4.5 Areas Most Dependent on All Fisheries Activity..................................................................... 62 4.5 REGIONAL ANALYSIS FOR RATIO 3.................................................................................................. 63 4.6 DEPENDENCY IN RELATION TO STRUCTURAL