Published online 2016 www.nps.gov/subjects/tellingallamericansstories/lgbtqthemestudy.htm LGBTQ America: A Theme Study of Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, Transgender, and Queer History is a publication of the National Park Foundation and the National Park Service. We are very grateful for the generous support of the Gill Foundation, which has made this publication possible. The views and conclusions contained in the essays are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the opinions or policies of the U.S. Government. Mention of trade names or commercial products does not constitute their endorsement by the U.S. Government. © 2016 National Park Foundation Washington, DC All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reprinted or reproduced without permission from the publishers. Links (URLs) to websites referenced in this document were accurate at the time of publication. INDEX For specific places, see also Appendix A. Theme study chapters are searchable, if you are looking for a term not included here. 267 House (Niggerati Manor), 13-10 destruction of, 13-11 5 Star Saloon. See under Reno, Nevada Abby’s Highway 40. See under Reno, Nevada Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome (AIDS), 02-13, 03-32 to 03-34, 04- 30n84, 05-25, 05-29, 05-52, 08-5n13, 08-17, 08-20 to 08-21, 09-12, 10-30, 11-12n42, 11-25 to 11-29, 11-35, 12-25 to 12-26 to 12-27, 13- 32, 14-12, 14-23, 15-24, 16-18, 17-5, 17-28n88, 17-47 to 17-51, 18- 31n95, 18-44 to 18-47, 19-30, 22-8 to 22-10, 22-13 to 22-17, 23-13 to 23-14, 23-15n38, 25-18, 27-21 to 27-22, 28-30, 29-4n10. See also gay- related immune deficiency (GRID), gay plague, Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV) African American activism, 13-26 to 13-39, 18-53 AIDS epidemic in San Francisco, 25-34 to 25-37 AIDS in the military, 20-11 to 20-12 AIDS research, 22-22 to 22-23 among American Indians and Alaska Natives, 09-11 to 09-13 Asian Pacific American activism, 11-24 to 11-29 Names Project AIDS Memorial Quilt, 14-29, 15-30, 18-47 to 18-48, 21- 49, 23-15, 25-36, 26-31, 26-32 ACT UP (AIDS Coalition to Unleash Power), 03-32 to 03-33, 05-48, 08-11, 10-30 to 10-31, 10-31n83, 11-27n107, 14-23 to 14-24, 15-22, 17-48, 18-36, 18-45 to 18-46, 18-52, 22-13 to 22-14, 22-16, 23-14 to 23-15, 26-31, 29-12 to 29-15 Fight the AMA action, 29-14 to 29-15 Seize Control of the FDA action, 18-46n157 Stop the Church action, 14-23, 26-9n15 Storm the NIH action, 14-24 Addams, Jane, 02-27 to 02-28, 05-56, 17-4, 17-19 to 17-20, 17-29n89, 31-6, 31-16, 32-11,. See also Hull House African American community, 13-1 to 13-36 activism of, 13-14 to 13-25 after Stonewall, 13-26 to 13-29 and religion, 21-25 to 21-31 Black Gay and Lesbian Pride. See under pride celebratons during the Harlem Renaissance, 13-8 to 13-14. (See also Harlem Renaissance) during the Jazz Era, 13-14 to 13-19 sexual engagement, 13-30 to 13-33 African Ancestral Lesbians United for Social Change (AALUSC), 13-26 to 13-27 AIDS Action Project, 29-12 Allen, Paula Gunn, 09-11 Alva, Eric, 20-1 to 20-2, 20-16 to 20-17 alyha:, 09-8. See also Native gender expressions American Civil Liberties Union (ACLU), 03-37, 18-59, 18-62, 19-9, 19-15 to 19-16 American Law Institute (ALI), 19-15 to 19-16 American Psychological Association (APA), 08-28, 18-23, 22-8, 22-10 to 22-12 protests at, 22-12 Annual Reminders, 14-29, 17-37 to 17-38, 18-27, 18-30, 19-15, 31-19 Apollo Theater. See under New York City, New York archeology, 02-2, 06-1 to 06-22, 09-6, 09-20, 12-7, 30-16 and intersectionality, 06-14 to 06-15 Ind-2 gender and sexuality in, 06-5, 06-6 material culture in, 06-11 of genders, 06-15 to 06-16 of households, 06-12 of identity, 06-10 to 06-11, 06-12 of LGBTQ sites, 06-9 (see also LGBTQ community: through archeology) queer archeology, 05-36, 06-4 significance, 30-3, 30-9, 30-12, 30-16 types of sites, 06-20 to 06-22 Arnesen, Cliff, 08-27 to 08-28 Arthur J. Sullivan Funeral Home. See under San Francisco Asheville, North Carolina, 14-9 Black Mountain College, 23-6 to 23-8 Asian American Feminists, 11-17 Asian Lesbians of the East Coast, 11-22 to 11-23, 11-29 Asian Pacific Americans (APA), 11-1 to 11-37 activisms, 11-3 to 11-4, 11-20 to 11-37 and radicalism, 11-12 to 11-38 and structural racism/homophobia, 11-3 early history, 11-4 to 11-12 Asian/Pacific Lesbians, 11-23 assimilation. See also politics: respectability. critiques of, 02-16 Association of Welcoming and Affirming Baptists, 21-16 to 21-17. See also LGBTQ spirituality: Baptists Atlantic House. See under Provincetown Austen, Alice, 05-58, 05-59, 23-1n1, 26-4 to 26-5, 31-11 Alice Austen House, 05-59 to 05-60, 23-1n1, 26-4 to 26-5, 31-10, 32- 12 to 32-13 azidothymidine (AZT), 22-12, 22-14 to 22-15 Baca, Judy, 12-10, 23-12 to 23-13 Bad Dolly’s. See under Reno, Nevada Baehr v. Miike, 18-56 to 18-57 (see also court cases) Baker, Josephine, 13-16, 13-16n45, 13-19, 22-23, 25-17 Ind-3 Baker Street Scandal. See under San Francisco Baldwin, James, 05-11, 13-22 to 13-23, 13-25, 17-35 to 17-36, 18-24 to 18-25, 21-1n1, 26-20, 26-23 Ballroom culture, 13-12, 13-18, 13-34, 24-37, 24-39, 26-19, 29-16, 32- 21 Barceló, Doña Gertrudis, 12-14 Barney, Natalie Clifford, 31-22 Barscz, Catherine, 29-4 to 29-5 bathhouses, 01-6, 02-28, 05-23, 05-43 to 05-44, 08-20, 13-31 to 13-32, 14-18, 15-16, 16-1, 16-2, 16-3, 16-13, 16-16, 16-17 to 16-21, 16-36, 17-28, 17-48, 18-12, 18-49, 19-28, 19-36, 22-1, 22-14, 22-21, 25-17 to 25-18, 25-35, 26-25, 27-18, 28-14 to 28-17, 28-19, 28-31, 32-15 Bay Area Gay Liberation (BAGL), 25-30 Bay Area American Indian Two Spirits, 09-12, 14-17, 21-6 Beach Island, South Carolina Rockcliffe Plantation, 03-9 Beam, Joseph, 13-25, 17-49 Bean, Carl, 21-27 Beasley, Bill, 08-23 Beauport, the Sleeper-McCann House. See under Gloucester, Massachusetts Beiderbecke, Bix, 29-15 Belle Livingstone’s Cow Shed. See under Reno, Nevada Bello, Ada, 17-38 Bentley, Gladys, 03-18, 04-35n102, 13-12, 13-14, 13-15 to 13-16, 13-18, 16-6, 17-25, 18-12, 23-6n13, 24-38, 25-15 berdache, 03-6, 09-4 to 09-5, 09-8, 09-18. See also Native gender expressions Berkeley Pacific Center for Human Growth, 15-21 Bérubé, Allan, 04-32, 25-33 Bigelow, Otis, 17-32 binary as a Western construct, 06-7 Ind-4 between heterosexuality and homosexuality, 03-17, 08-4, 08-8. See also sexology: binary between heterosexuality and homosexuality parallels between racial and sexual binaries, 03-17 BiNET USA, 08-9 to 08-10, 08-26, 08-31 to 08-32, 11-32, 18-54 BiPOL, 08-9, 08-10, 08-12 to 08-13, 08-15, 11-32 BiRequest, 08-23 bisexual, 03-3, 08-1 as part of the LGBTQ movement, 08-2 to 08-3 Bisexual Resource Collection (see under Boston) erasure, 08-7 to 08-9 history of, 08-5 to 08-7, 08-9 to 08-11 resistance and protest, 08-11 to 08-16 Bisexual Political Action Campaign (BiPAC), 08-11, 08-29 Black Cat Tavern. See under San Francisco Black Leather Wings, 21-48 to 21-49. See also Radical Faeries Black Lives Matter (BLM), 07-14, 07-15, 15-29 Black Mountain College. See under Ashville, NC Black Queer Studies Collection. See under University of Texas at Austin Black Trans Lives Matter, 07-14 to 07-15 Blackwell, Emily, 07-9, 07-10n22 Boitano, Brian, 24-31. See also LGBTQ sport and leisure: figure skating Boston Bisexual Resource Collection, 08-10 Biversity, 08-19 East Coast Bisexual Network (Bisexual Resource Center), 08-10, 08-32, 18-54, 32-20 Fenway Community Health Center, 22-22, 22-23n54 Gibson House Museum, 05-61 Homophile Health Services, 22-21 Boston marriage, 14-28, 17-18, 32-11, 32-12, 32-22. See also romantic friendships: among women boté, 03-6, 03-8, 09-6, 09-23, 09-25, 10-5n9. See also Native gender expressions Boutilier, Clive, 19-20 to 19-21 Ind-5 Bowers v. Hardwick, 08-10n25, 17-53, 18-48, 18-49, 18-56 to 18-57, 19- 31. See also court cases Bowman, Karl, 10-21 to 10-22, 25-26 to 25-27. See also University of California San Francisco: Langley Porter Clinic Bradley, Marion Zimmer, 04-14, 04-18n47 Briggs Initiative, 11-15, 11-36, 18-42, 19-24 to 19-25 Brinn, Deborah, 21-38 to 21-39 Bross, Evelyn “Jackie”, 29-4, 29-4n12, 29-5 Brown, Addie, 03-11, 17-13.